美国节日

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

01234演讲:Weizong、Alva、Somnus、Alex制作:Somnus01234501234401234301234201234101234Let’sSTART0123401234Introduction•NewYear(新年)•Halloween(万圣节)•Thanksgiving(感恩节)•Christmas(圣诞节)01234NewYear01234TheoriginoftheNewYearsDayJanuary1,thebeginningofanewyear,asfarbackinhistoryaswecantell,peoplehavecelebratedthestartofanewyear.ThepeopleofancientEgyptbegantheirnewyearinsummer.ThatiswhentheNileRiver(尼罗河)floodeditsbanks,bringingwaterandfertilitytotheland.ThepeopleofancientBabylonia(巴比伦)andPersia(波斯)begantheirnewyearonMarch21,thefirstdayofspring.And,someNativeAmericanIndians(米国土著)begantheirnewyearwhenthenuts(果实)oftheoaktree(橡树)becameripe.Thatwasusuallyinlatesummer.Veduchinawisheveryoneintheworldhappynewyear.Now,almosteveryonecelebratesNewYear'sDayonJanuary1.Today,asbefore,peopleobservetheNewYear'sholidayinmanydifferentways.01234•TheancientBabylonianscelebrateditbyforcing(强迫)theirkingtogiveuphiscrownandroyalclothing.Theymadehimgetdownonhiskneesandadmitallthemistakeshehadmadeduringthepastyear.•ThisideaofadmittingwrongsandfinishingthebusinessoftheoldyearisfoundinmanysocietiesatNewYear's.Soistheideaofmakingresolutions.Aresolutionisapromisetochangeyourways.Tostopsmoking,forexample,ortogetmorephysicalexercise.Noise-makingisanotherancientcustomatthenewyear.Thenoiseisconsiderednecessarytochaseawaytheevilspiritsoftheoldyear.Peoplearoundtheworlddodifferentthingstomakealotofnoise.Theymayhitstickstogether,orbeatondrums,orblowhorns,orexplodefireworks.Veduchinawisheveryoneintheworldhappynewyear.01234•有史以来,在一年的开始——1月1日,人们就开始庆祝新年。•古埃及人的新年从夏季开始。那时,尼罗河的河水淹没了河岸,河水带来了水源并肥沃了两岸的土地。古巴比伦人和古波斯人在3月21日开始他们新的一年。但一些美国土著印第安人在橡树果实成熟时开始过新年。这一时间通常都在夏末。•现在,几乎所有人都在1月1日这一天庆祝新年。但是,人们依然像以前一样以各种各样的方式庆祝新年。•古巴比伦人以强迫国王摘下皇冠、脱下王服的方式庆祝节日。他们让国王跪下并承认过去一年所犯的错误。许多国家过新年时,人们会承认过去一年所犯的错误并结束过去一年未了的事情。因而制定新年计划成了过年的主题。新年计划是一种改掉不良习惯的承诺。例如承诺戒烟和进行更多的体育锻炼。在新年时肆意喧闹是另一古老的风俗。人们认为必须用喧闹声驱除过去一年的魔鬼。在世界各地,人们以不同的方式“闹”新年。他们会在一起敲击棍棒,或是击鼓,或是吹号,或是放烟花。01234Halloween01234•TheoriginofHalloween•ThelegendoftheoriginofHalloween,therearemanyversions,themostcommonview,thatisbeforethebirthofChristfromtheMedievalWesternEuropecountries,includingIreland,ScotlandandWales.ThispersoncalledseveraloftheMedievalWesternEuropeDruittpeople.DruittintheNovember1NewYear,NewYear'sEve,youngpeoplewhosetdruidteam,wearingallkindsofweirdmask(怪异面具),carryingacarvedradishgoodlight(刻好的萝卜灯)(thelatecustompumpkin(南瓜)lightsystem,MedievalWesternEuropefirstthereisnopumpkin),theywalkinthevillagesbetween.Thiswasactuallyakindofharvestcelebration;alsosaidtobeHalloween,thelegendwhodiedthatyear,theeveofHalloweenspiritwillvisittheworld,saidthatpeopleshouldbeallowedtovisittheghostthattheghostofasuccessfulharvestandtorender(渲染)ahearty(丰盛的)welcome.Allfireandlights,theonetofrightenawaytheghost,butalsofortheghostlightline,toguidetheirreturn.01234•关于万圣节由来的传说有许多版本,最普遍的认为,那是源于基督诞生前的古西欧国家,主要包括爱尔兰、苏格兰和威尔士。这几处的古西欧人叫德鲁伊特人。德鲁伊特的新年在十一月一日,新年前夜,德鲁伊特人让年轻人集队,戴着各种怪异面具,拎着刻好的萝卜灯(南瓜灯系后期习俗,古西欧最早没有南瓜),他们游走于村落间。这在当时实则为一种秋收的庆典;也有说是“鬼节”,传说当年死去的人,灵魂会在万圣节的前夜造访人世,据说人们应该让造访的鬼魂看到圆满的收成并对鬼魂呈现出丰盛的款待。所有篝火及灯火,一来为了吓走鬼魂,同时也为鬼魂照亮路线,引导其回归。•在中世纪的中欧,曾有过基督教摧毁异教徒的历史。可是新年夜前的祭祀庆典从未真正消除,不过以巫术的形式出现。这也就是为什么我们现在的万圣节里,还留有巫婆的扫帚、黑猫、咒语等痕迹。01234Thanksgiving01234•In1620,thesettlers,orPilgrims(清教徒),theysailedtoAmericaontheMayflower,seekingaplacewheretheycouldhavefreedomofworship.Afteratempestuous(有暴风雨的)two-monthvoyage(航行)theylandedatinicyNovember,whatisnowPlymouth,Massachusetts.•Duringtheirfirstwinter,overhalfofthesettlersdiedofstarvationorepidemics.Thosewhosurvivedbegansowinginthefirstspring.•Allsummerlongtheywaitedfortheharvestswithgreatanxiety,knowingthattheirlivesandthefutureexistenceofthecolonydependedonthecomingharvest.Finallythefieldsproducedayieldrichbeyondexpectations.•AndthereforeitwasdecidedthatadayofthanksgivingtotheLordbefixed.•Yearslater,PresidentoftheUnitedStatesproclaimedthefourthThursdayofNovemberasThanksgivingDayeveryyear.01234•1620年,一些朝圣者(或称为清教徒)乘坐'五月花'号船去美国寻求宗教自由。他们在海上•颠簸折腾了两个月之后,终于在酷寒的十一月里,在现在的马萨诸塞州的普里茅斯登陆。•在第一个冬天,半数以上的移民都死于饥饿和传染病,活下来的人们在第一个春季开始播•种。整个夏天他们都热切地盼望着丰收的到来,他们深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在与否•都将取决于即将到来的收成。后来,庄稼获得了意外的丰收,所以大家决定要选一个日子来•感谢上帝的恩典。多年以后,美国总统宣布每年十一月的第四个星期四为感恩节。01234Christmas01234•ChristmasorChristmasDayisaholidaycelebratingthebirthofJesus,thecentralfigureofChristianity.ItistraditionallycelebratedonDecember25bymostWesternChristianchurches.Althoughdatingtoprobablyasearlyasa.d.200,thefeastofChristmasdidnotbecomewidespreaduntiltheMiddleAges.Aspectsofcelebrationmayincludegift-giving,Christmastrees,displayofNativitysets,churchattendance,theFatherChristmas/SantaClausmyth,andfamilygatherings.ThewordChristmasisderivedfromMiddleEnglishChristemasse.ItisacontractionmeaningChrist'smass.ThenameoftheholidayisoftenshortenedtoXmasbecauseRomanletterXresemblestheGreekletterX,anabbreviationforChrist.01234•圣诞节或圣诞节是庆祝耶稣的节日,基督教的核心人物的诞生。这是12月25

1 / 24
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功