微藻固定燃烧烟气中CO-2的研究进展

生物工程学报ChinJBiotech2011,February25;27(2):164−1[e-mail]©2011CJB,Allrightsreserved.Received:June12,2010;Accepted:October8,2010Supportedby:NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.50806049),InnovationProgramofShanghaiMunicipalEducationCommission(No.09YZ209),ShanghaiMunicipalNaturalScienceFundation(No.08ZR1415100),DoctoralFundofMinistryofEducationofChina(No.20093120120002).Correspondingauthor:BingtaoZhao.Tel:[phone];E-mail:[e-mail]国家自然科学基金(No.50806049)，上海市教育委员会科研创新基金项目(No.09YZ209)，上海市自然科学基金项目(No.08ZR1415100)，教育部2009年博士点基金项目(No.20093120120002)资助。综述微藻固定燃烧烟气中CO2的研究进展张一昕1，赵兵涛1，熊锴彬1，张忠孝1，郝小红1，刘涛212000932266003摘要:空气中CO2浓度升高导致的气候变暖问题已经成为全球性的环境、科学、政治、经济问题。近年来，对可用于直接固定工业废气尤其是燃烧烟气中CO2的捕捉和封存(CCS)技术进行了广泛的研究。在这些技术中，微藻生物固定CO2是一种具有大规模应用前景和经济上可行的CCS技术。以下从藻种的筛选、烟气条件对微藻固定CO2的影响、高效光生物反应器的开发和微藻产物的利用等方面对微藻生物固定烟气中CO2的现状和发展以及作者所在实验室在这一领域的研究情况进行了分析和总结，最后对其技术前景进行了展望，以期对微藻固定燃烧烟气中CO2的基础研究和关键技术起到一定的指导和促进作用。关键词:微藻，二氧化碳，燃烧烟气，生物固定，CCSProgressinbiofixationofCO2fromcombustionfluegasbymicroalgaeYixinZhang1,BingtaoZhao1,KaibinXiong1,ZhongxiaoZhang1,XiaohongHao1,andTaoLiu21SchoolofEnergyandPowerEngineering,UniversityofShanghaiforScienceandTechnology,Shanghai200093,China2CollegeofMarineLifeSciences,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,ChinaAbstract:GlobalwarmingcausedbytheincreasingCO2concentrationinatmosphereisaseriousproblemintheinternationalpolitical,economic,scientificandenvironmentalfieldsinrecentyears.Intensivecarbondioxidecaptureandstorage(CCS)technologieshavebeendevelopedforafeasiblesystemtoremoveCO2fromindustrialexhaustgasesespeciallyforcombustionfluegas.Inthesetechnologies,thebiofixationofCO2bymicroalgaehasthepotentialtodiminishCO2andproducethebiomass.Inthisreview,thecurrentstatusfocusingonbiofixationofCO2fromcombustionfluegasesbymicroalgaeincludingtheselectionofmicroalgalspeciesandeffectoffluegasconditions,thedevelopmentofhighefficientphotobioreactorandtheapplicationofmicroalgaeanditsbiomassproductwerereviewedandsummarized.Finally,theperspectivesofthetechnologywerealsodiscussed.Keywords:microalgae,carbondioxide,combustionfluegases,biofixation,CCS:CO2165Journals.im.ac.cn[1]CO2CO20.0280.036[2]CO2CO2CO2CO2(CCS)CO2CCSCO2CO2CO2CO2()(1)CCSCO2CO2CO2CCSCO2CO21微藻生物固定CO2的优势CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2CO2[3-4]图1常见的CCS技术路线图Fig.1TypicaltechnicalschemeofindustrialCO2captureandstorage.166ISSN1000-3061CN11-1998/QChinJBiotechFebruary25,2011Vol.27No.2Journals.im.ac.cn2微藻固定燃烧烟气中CO2的研究进展CO23CO2SOxNOx2.1藻种的筛选培养以及烟气中污染物的影响CO25[5-6]CO210~20SOxNOxCO2CO2pHCO2SOxNOxSakai[7]CO2ChlorellaH-84A-2CO24042℃45℃20CO240℃Sung[8]CO2Chlorellasp.KR-1CO2101.15g/(L·d)6d5.7g/LCO230~50CO2706d0.71g/LpH4Chlorellasp.KR-1pH3.525℃~35℃Chlorellasp.KR-140℃deMorais[9]ScenedesmusobliquusChorellakessleri1.8L15min0.54L/minCO2ScenedesmusobliquusCO260.261d−10.216d−1CO21218ScenedesmusobliquusCO26ChorellakessleriCO26120.267d−1CO2180.199d−1Hanaga[10]ScenedesmusChorellaCO250deMorais[11]Spirulinasp.31.8L2h15min0.3vvm(Volumegaspervolumemediapermin)CO260.44d−1CO2120.33d−1CO2Chorellasp.CO21LCO210Chorellasp.0.6d−1CO21520100mL/min15CO27dChorellasp.13.8200mL/min300mL/minChorellasp.2855CO2CO2CO2CO2Chen[32]Chlorellavulgaris0.15CO255.3deMorais[11]:CO2167Journals.im.ac.cnSpirulinasp.Scenedesmus12CO27~174~9Chiu[12]CO2Chlorellasp.Chlorellasp.CO2CO2CO2251015Chlorellasp.CO258272016CO2SOxNOxCO2SOxNOx0.02CO2SOxNOx0.005CO2SOxNOx[13-16]Maeda[17]CO2Chlorellasp.T-1CO250CO2150.002SOx0.006NOxSOxNOxSOxNOx0.0080.024Chlorellasp.T-1pH3.0CaCO3pHChlorellasp.T-1Matsumoto[18]SOxSOxpHLee[19]Chlorellasp.KR-1SOxNOxCO2150.006SO2Chlorellasp.KR-11.24g/(L·d)SO21.66g/(L·d)25SO2SO20.01Chlorellasp.KR-10.78g/(L·d)SO20.015Chlorellasp.KR-1CO2150.01NOChlorellasp.KR-1NONO0.03Chlorellasp.KR-1pHChlorellasp.KR-1SOxNOx0.025SO20.03NO[20]Chorellasp.ZY-1SOxNOxLeeChorellasp.SOxNOxChorellasp.0.01SOx0.05NOxpH5.5Chorellasp.SOxHg+Chorellasp.Hg+Chorellasp.Hg+Chorellasp.CO2CO21CO2表1部分可用于固碳的藻种列表Table1SeveralstrainsofmicroalgaeforfluegasCO2fixationandtheirsgrowthcharacteristicsMicroalgaeCultureconditionGrowthrateReferenceChlorellaH-8420%CO20.24h−1(specificgrowthrate)[19]Chlorellasp.T-115%CO2,0.002%SOx,0.006%NOx0.6g/(L·d)[27]Chlorellasp.KR-115%CO2,0.006%SO2,0.01%NO1.24g/(L·d)[28]Tetrasp.14.1%CO2,0.0185%SOx,0.0125%NOx40g/(m2·d)[31]ChorellaZY-113%CO2,0.04%SO2,pH6.01.02g/(L·d)[29]168ISSN1000-3061CN11-1998/QChinJBiotechFebruary25,2011Vol.27No.2Journals.im.ac.cnCO2SOxNOxCO2(2)CO2CO2SOxNOxCO2[19-26]Matsumoto[18]Tetrasp.14.1CO21.3O20.0185SOx0.0125NOxTetrasp.5−9Tetrasp.40g/(m2·d)Lee[19]Chlorellasp.KR-1NO0.01SOxChlorellasp.KR-1CO2CO2100.008SOx600.3g/LChlorellasp.KR-10.01SO20.03NOYoo[26]CO2Scenedesmussp.Chlorellavulgaris10CO2218mg/(L·d)105mg/(L·d)203mg/(L·d)77mg/(L·d)2.2高效光生物反应器的开发CO2CO2CO2[27-33]2CO2()()CO2Zhang[29]200L200cm10cm100cm1mmNannochloropsissp.12g/(m2·d)Hiratadeng[30]Chlorellasp.CO2ArnaudMuller−Feuga[31]:CO2169Journals.im.ac.cn810L1.5m2PorphyldiumcruentumCO2CO2[32][33]CO2CO2[34]2s20sCO25CO2[35]2.3微藻固碳产物的综合利用CO2CO2()[36]SpirulinaChlorellasp.[37]SpirulinaSpirulina[36]Mur