chapter_4 Offers

UNIT4OFFERSCONTENTSBasicinformationDefinitionCategoriesletters-WritingstepsOffersReplyingLettersForOffers——拒绝报盘-——还盘SpecimenLettersWHATISANOFFER?报盘：Theseller'spromisetosupplygoodsontermsandconditionsApromise要约Theseller'spromisePromisetodowhat方式：书信、答复询价、广告ItcoverstwopeopleOfferor:发盘人thepersonmakingtheoffer发盘人Offeree：受盘人thepersontowhomtheofferismade受盘人发盘应具备的条件：（1）发盘应向一个或者一个以上特定的人提出（2）发盘内容必须十分明确（名称、数量、价格——至少的三基本要素）Quotation报价VSoffer报盘AquotationismerelyanoticeofthepriceInanoffer,thesellernotonlyquotesthepricesbutalsoindicatesallnecessaryterms（3）必须标明发盘人对其发盘一旦被受盘人接受即受约束的意思QuotationVSofferFirmofferVSNon–firmoffer4AfirmoffermustsatisfythefollowingconditionsItmustbesenttooneormorespecificpersonThecontentsmustbedefiniteandtheconditionsmustbecomplete,clearandfinal.Afirmoffershouldincludeatleastthreespecificconditions:nameofcommodity,quantityofcommodity,price.Itmustindicatethatonceithasbeenunconditionallyacceptedbytheoffereewithinitsvalidity,theofferisbindingonbothsidesIttakeseffectonlyaftertheofferreachestheofferee.CATEGORIESFirmoffer：实盘Itistheofferwithatimelimitandengagement.Onceitisacceptedbythebuyer,boththesellerandbuyerhavenorighttorevoke,alteroramendNon–firmoffer虚盘Theofferwithoutengagement.Itisusuallysubjecttothebuyer‘sconfirmation.对发盘人无约束力Difference•WHAT’STHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENAFIRMOFFERANDNON-FIRMOFFER?Afirmofferistheofferwithacertaintimelimitwhileanon-firmofferistheofferwithoutengagement.QUESTIONSCanpricelistsandcataloguespublishedbythesellerforpurposesofadvertisementandpromotionberegardedasfirmoffers?9subject1）adj.（和介词to连用）易受……的；须经……的，有待于……的Theabovepricesaresubjecttofluctuationsofthemarket.上述价格得随行就市。102）adv.在……条件下，以……为条件，只要（和介词to连用引导状语短语）Weoffer100m/tonsBitterApricotKernelsatRMBXXXCIF,promptshipment,subjecttoourcableconfirmation.兹报盘即期装船苦杏仁100公吨，每公吨到岸价人民币XXX元，以我方电报确认为准。TYPICALSENTENCESOFAFIRMOFFER实盘有效期的表示ThisofferexpiresonAugust8.Theofferiseffective/open/valid/firm/goodfor10days(tillOct.10)兹报实盘如下：有效期…天/直到…Weofferfirmasfollows,subjecttoyourreplyreachingusby/before…此盘…前收到你方答复为有效Thevalidityisfor10days/tillOct.10.Theoffermustbewithdrawnifnotacceptedwithin3days.Wemake/submit/forward/sendyouafirmoffer.TYPICALSENTENCESOFANON-FIRMOFFER虚盘的表示SubjecttoOurfinalconfirmation以我方最终确认为准Thegoodsbeingunsold以货物未售出为准Priorsale以现售为条件Changewithoutnotice以随时更改而无需另作通知为条件Ourapproval以我方认可为准Ourwrittenacceptance以我方书面接受为准OfferwithoutengagementWRITINGLETTERSOFANOFFER报盘信函的写作步骤开头语(OpeningSentences)感谢询盘，并答复具体询盘，进行报盘。中间部分Detailsofanoffer:Namesofcommodities,quality,quantityandspecifications;Detailsofprice,discountsandtermsofpayment;Astatementofwhatthepricescover;PackinganddateofdeliveryTheperiodforwhichtheofferisvalidPersuadingthebuyertoorderearly结尾语(TheclosingSentences)Hopeofacceptance,replyandorder1）感谢询盘，并简单复述询盘内容Thankyouforyourinquiryof/dated……inwhich…Referringtoyourletterdated…，weknowthat…YourletterofAugust8askingustoofferyoutheElineSweatershasreceived……1516Offer1、n.报盘（包括货名、数量、规格、价格、船期、有效期等，通常与介词for,of或on连用）PleasemakeusanofferCIFLondonfor/on20metrictonsgroundnuts.请给我们一个20吨花生伦敦到岸价格的报盘AJapanesesellerhasmadeusanofferat$120permetricton.Theofferisfirm/valid/good/open/effective/enforcefortwoweeks.OurofferisRMB300persetoftape-recorder,F.O.B.Tianjin.2）表达愿意发盘（实盘/虚盘）17IMPORTANTWORDORSENTENCES:常与offer连用的动词有：send,give,make,cable,telex,forward等。Toacceptoffer接受报盘Toconfirmoffer确认报盘Todeclineoffer拒绝报盘Toentertainoffer考虑报盘Toextendoffer延长报盘Towithdraw/canceloffer撤回报盘Torenewoffer恢复报盘Toreinstateoffer恢复报盘（恢复过期较久如10天前的报盘时用）182、v.报盘；提供相当于giveoffersb.sth.Wecanofferyouaquotationbasedupontheinternationalmarket.OfferyouChinesetextileproductsoffersth.(at/formoney)tosb.Ifyoucanoffer,pleaseemailus.你方如能报盘，请电邮通知我方。Atpresent,wecannotoffermorethan1000shorttons.目前，我们不能提供多于1000短吨。Weofferthegoodsatthecurrentseason’spricesof……Heofferedthisbikefor600yuan.Vi:offerforsthweofferfirmVt:offersb/sth/sbsthatapriceWecanofferyouWecanoffervariousshoesWecanofferyouvariousshoesN.:make(submit,send,give,forward)sbanofferforsth如买方说到卖方的报盘时，有时用ofYourofferofoilistoohighOfferforsthat…用at连接价格报盘中价格必须要有四要素货币、单价、计价单位和贸易术语Wearegladtoofferyou5000yardsofprintedshirtingatUS$0.5peryardCIFSanFrancisco.我们很高兴向你们报5000码印花细布，每码0.5美元，CIF旧金山。你来翻译：现报2200箱鱼罐头(cannedfish)，每箱50美元，FOB青岛价。Wearenowofferingyou2200cartonsofcannedfishatUS$50percartonFOBQingdao.21IMPORTANTWORDORSENTENCES:Firmoffer报实盘Weofferyoufirmsubjecttoreplyby5p.m.ourtime,Monday,12thDecember，asfollows:兹报实盘，以我方时间12月12日星期一下午5时前答复为有效，如下：Weofferyoufirmsubjecttoreplyhereby10a.m.,Tuesdayourtime.兹报实盘，以我方时间星期二上午10点以前复到为准。Weofferyoufirmsubjecttoyourreplyherewithinoneweekfromtoday.兹报实盘，以自本日起一周内你方复到为准。22IMPORTANTWORDORSENTENCES:Non-firmoffer报虚盘Weoffer…subjecttoourfinalconfirmation.我方报盘……（各项交易条件）……以我方最后确认为有效。Wemakeyouanoffersubjecttothegoodsbeingunsold.我方向你方报盘，以未售出为准。Wesubmityouthisoffersubjecttopriorsale.我方向你方报盘，以先售为条件。PERSUADINGTHEBUYERTOORDEREARLYThereisalargedemandforsth.Active/growingdemandwillcertainlyresultinincreasedprices.Withtheapproachoftheseason,therehasbeenla