定语从句关系词的选择方法

定语从句关系词选择方法2016-12-16定语从句为高中教学中的一个重点，也是学生在语法填空或改错题中容易遇到的一个难点。在老师讲解完定从后，学生对关系词的选择似懂非懂，特别是中下等程度的学生。为此，今天特意挑选定语从句中关系词的选择方法为我上课的主要内容，希望有助于学生选择定从中正确的关系词。本专题的背景用所学过的关系代词或者关系副词填空1.Thisisthemountainvillage________Istayedlastyear.2.Thisisthemountainvillage________Ivisitedlastyear,.3.I’llneverforgetthedays________Ispentinthecountryside.4.I’llneverforgetthedays________Iworkedtogetherwithyou.5.Iforgetthetime________hewillcome.6.Iforgetthetime________hetoldme.7.Thereason________hecan’tcomeisthatheisill.8.Thereason________hetoldmeisnottrue.9.Thisisthefactory________Ivisitedlastyear.10.Thisisthefactory_______Iworkedlastyear.11.Thisisthefactory_______producesallkindsofTVsets.12.Thisisthereason________hewasabsent.13.Thisisthereason_______canexplainhisabsence.定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫________。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（______________________________等）和关系副词(_____________________等)。先行词that,which,who,whom,whose,where,when,why,温故知新关系词先行词从句成分备注关系代词who人主语whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that。只用that：代高序双特。whom人宾语whose人，物定语that人，物主语，宾语which物主语，宾语as人，物主语，宾语as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语可用介+whichwhere地点地点状语可用介+whichwhy原因原因状语可用forwhich定语从句中关系词的语法功能1.关系代词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语和表语，whose充当定语。2.关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。定语从句中关系词的选用根据关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当不同的句子成分，选定关系词时，首先确定定语从句部分，然后分析定语从句句子结构。选择方法有两种：一看：看定从是否缺少成分：如果定从中缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则选用关系代词。如果定从中主语、宾语、表语或定语齐全，则选用关系副词。典型例句1.Thisisthefactory_______Iworkedlastyear.2.Thisisthefactory_________producesallkindsofTVsets.that/whichwhere典型例句3.I’llneverforgetthedays________Ispentinthecountryside.4.I’llneverforgetthedays________Iworkedtogetherwithyou.that/whichwhen典型例句7.Thereason________hecan’tcomeisthatheisill.8.Thereason________hetoldmeisnottrue.whythat/which二代：把先行词代入定语从句时，看定从中要不要加介词。要加介词，用关副；不加介词，用关代。1.Thisisthemountainvillage________Istayedlastyear.2.Thisisthemountainvillage___________Ivisitedlastyear.wherethat/which3.Iforgetthetime________hewillcome.4.Iforgetthetime________hetoldme.whenthat/which5.Thereason________hecan’tcomeisthatheisill.6.Thereason________hetoldmeisnottrue.whythat/which注意事项：先行词的一些特殊情况关系词的选择1.只用that的情况：代高序双特（p.sthat不用于两后：逗号后和介词后）2.指代整句话用which或as(正如)3.抽象名词如stage,situation,position等只用where4.thesame...as和so/such...as的搭配牛刀小试1.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.2.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.3.Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable.Correctthesentenceswhichwhich/thatwhyItgotitsnameduringtheindustrialrevolution,_____factorypollutionturnedthelocalskiesblackandcoaldustfromtheminesmadethesoilthesamecolour.(2011广一模)when引导定语从句并在从句中作时间状语。when考点重现Andheaddedthatthefinenewhousebeingbuiltonthemountainside__________everyonewaswonderingaboutwashis.(2011茂一模)which/that引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。which/that考点重现后置定语修饰houseHowever,beingnaturallycurious,Pandoraopenedthebox,andalltheevilsoftheworldsuchaswar,disease,famineandfloods__________werecontainedwithinitescapedandspreadovertheearth.(2012-2013期末珠海题)which\that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。考点重现which\that总结一看二代三特