高一英语必修3-unit1 语法

Unit1grammar：ModalverbsFestivalsaroundtheworld1.can与could（1）表示能力（2）表示客观的可能性（3）表示请示和允许。could较委婉。（4）表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度：（用于否定、疑问和惊叹句中）“难道会，究竟”。Canthisbetrue?(4)may/mightaswell=hadbetter最好;不妨Youmightaswellhaveatry.（1）表示允许或征询许可。（2）表示可能性。might语气更不肯定。（3）Maysb.do…!表示祝愿。2.may与might3.shall与shouldshall①用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示征求意见和向对方请示②用于二、三人称陈述句中，表示说给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。should①表示劝告和建议，“应该”。②表示推测，表示某个情况是合理的，指按常理判断。③表示说话人的态度，“竟然”。Ican’tbelievethatheshouldbesorudetooldpeople.4.will与would（1）表示意志或意愿。will指现在，would指过去。（2）表示请示、建议，would比will委婉。（3）表示习惯性动作，“总是，惯于”。will指现在，would（4）表示预料或猜想。5.must与havetomust①“必须，应该”，语气强。mustn’t表示“不准，不应该，禁止”。②表示推测，“一定，想必”，只用于肯定句中。③must表示发生了某种与说话人的愿望相反，不受欢迎的事，“偏偏，偏要”。Whymusthedoitthatway?为什么他偏要那样做？haveto表示“必须，不得不”。must和haveto的区别：must一种形式；主观看法haveto有人称、时态的变化；客观需要2.How______yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhaveonlycoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may练习：1.—Mum，_____IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?—No,I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.mayD.won’tAAmay表示请求。Bcan,may,could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定应答用can或may，而否定应答时用mustn’tD3.—Itakethebookout?—I'mafraidnot.A.WillB.MayC.MustD.Need4.--MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?--No,you.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t5.Whenhewasthere,hegotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might6.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe_____notsmokeandhehasneversmokedeversince.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.wouldAD7.---Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.---Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.mayshall在第二人称中表示允诺。B8.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_____besorudetoalady.A.mightB.needC.shouldD.wouldC9.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you____hurtyourself.A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;wouldn'tB11.John,lookatthetime.______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?A．MustB．CanC．MayD．NeedA12.Imissedthebus,soI___gohomeonfoot.A.mustB.mayC.canD.hadtoD11.--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you_____.A.won’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.don’tB1.对现在(事情)推测：（情态动词+动词原形）must+v.(肯定)may/might/could/can+v.(可能)can’t+v.(不可能)情态动词表示推测的用法2.表示对过去事情的推测或估计musthavedone“想必或肯定已经做了某事”may/mighthavedone“可能/大概已经做了某事”can’t/couldn’thavedone“不可能已经做了某事”注意：在疑问句中can/could表示对过去情况的推测，“可能已经…了吗？”e.g.Someonemusthavebrokenintoourbedroom,Whocouldhavedoneit?1.—Shelooksveryhappy.She______havepassedtheexam.—Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.mightC2.Youmustbeawriter,_____?A.mustn’tyouB.areyouC.mustyouD.aren’tyouD3.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,_____?A.didn’ttheyB.don’ttheyC.mustn’ttheyD.haven’ttheyD4.Youbehungryforyouhadlunchonlyonehourago!A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t5.She______haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t6.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometime.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.wouldABB8.--Lizawellnotwanttogoonthetrip--Shehatestraveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.may7.—Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.—Youhavelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.wouldmaywell为固定搭配，意为：很可能，极有可能。AD表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备1.should/oughttohavedone“过去本该做而没做”2.shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone“过去不该做的事却做了”3.could/mighthavedone“本来能够做的事却没做”eg:Hecouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.4.needn’thavedone“原本不必做的事却做了”eg:Youneedn’thaveleftinsuchahurry.Heneedn’thavecome.Hedidn’tneedtocome.他本没有必要来（实际也没来）他本没有必要来（实际却来了）5.didn’tneedtodo/didn’thavetodo“没有必要做，实际也没做”1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You______homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave2.Thankyouforyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanagedBB4.Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he________better.A.needhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone3.—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You________it.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needn’tdoB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedoneBD5.He_____youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mighthaveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive6.Therewasalotoffunatyesterday’sparty.You______come,butwhydidn’tyou?A.musthaveB.shouldC.needhaveD.oughttohaveA