搜索
十一、名词性从句熟读深思熟读下列句子，并思考画线的从句在全句中作什么成分。1.Whathedidmademeextremelyangry.他所做的让我非常生气。2.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldturnthelandintoricefield.我的建议是我们应该把这块耕地改成稻田。3.Thefactthathetellsliesallthetimemakesussurprised.他一直撒谎的事实让我们很吃惊。4.Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.我们的成功依靠我们相互合作得怎么样。5.Hetoldmethathisfatherhaddiedandthathelivedalone.他告诉我他的父亲去世后，他独自一人生活。6.Shehasmadeitclearthatshewillgetmarriednextmonth.她明确表示她下个月要结婚了。7.Oursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshard.（不用if）我们成功与否依靠每一个人的努力。8.Letmeknowwhetherornotyoucancome.(不用if)让我知道你是否能来。9.Whetherwewillgopicnickingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(不用if)明天我们是否去野餐要看天气。10.Theadvicethatshewaittillnextweekisreasonable.(不用which)让她等到下个星期的建议是合理的。归纳总结1.主语从句(1)引导主语从句的关联词有:that(不充当句子成分,仅起引导作用,通常用it作形式主语)，whether,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why。(2)主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常用it作形式主语的句型有：①It+be+形容词（obvious,natural,surprising,wonderful,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句.②It+be+名词词组（nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句.③It+be+过去分词（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句.④It+seems,happens等不及物动词及短语+that从句.⑤Itdoesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句.（3）注意连接代词whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句的含义。Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(whoever=thepersonwho)来的人将受到欢迎。2.宾语从句(1)引导宾语从句的关联词有四类：that(在宾语从句中常可以省略）；从属连词if/whether;连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever；连接副词where,when,how,why。（2）在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词形成的否定句中，否定词前移。（3）在think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等动词以及I’mafraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可以用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。如：Ibelieveso./Idon’tbelieveso.(Ibelievenot.)（4）宾语从句的时态变化规律：①当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。②当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。3.表语从句（1）引导表语从句的关联词有that,whether,as,asif,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why。（2）where,why,because,how等引导的从句作Thisis或Thatis的表语时，表示地点、原因、方式等。（3）连词because可引导表语从句。（4）主语是reason时，表语从句常用that,不用because。4.同位语从句（1）同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,promise,truth,report,remark等，关联词多用从属连词that（不用which)。（2）同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。（3）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导同位语从句时只起连接从句的作用，无意义，不充当句子成分，不可省。that在定语从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分，如果在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.（同位语从句，that不可省）李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。Thenews(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.（定语从句，that在从句中作told的宾语，可省）他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。试题精选1.madetheteacherproudwasmorethanhalfofherstudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;thatB.What;becauseC.That;whatD.That;because解析题中含有两个从句。因主语从句中缺少主语，故用what引导；表语从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that引导。A2.Informationhasbeenputforwardmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as解析that从句作information的同位语，that在从句中不作句子成分，不可省略。B3.Notsureofhewillbeadmittedbythehighqualitymiddleschoolornot,hefeelsquiteuneasy.A.whenB.ifC.whetherD.that解析此处为whether引导的从句作介词of的宾语。C4.Afterfivedays’climbinginthemountain,theyreachedtheythoughtwastheplacethey’dbeendreamingof.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what解析reach是及物动词，其后要跟宾语从句。而theythought是插入语，宾语从句中缺少主语，所以必须用what。D5.wasoflittleimportance.A.NomatterhowhemightpasstheexaminationB.ThoughhemightpasstheexaminationC.WhetherhepassedtheexaminationornotD.Hemightpasstheexamination解析这是一个由whether引导的主语从句。nomatterhow与though都不能引导主语从句；D项不是一个从句。C6.WorldAIDSDayisalsoimportantinremindingusthatHIVhasnotgoneaway,andtherearemanythingsstilltobedone.A.whichB.whatC.thatD./解析句中有多个宾语从句时，第二个that和以后的that都不能省略。thatHIVhasnotgoneaway和thatthereare...是remind的两个并列的宾语从句。C7.Ihavenotfoundmybikeyet;andnow,I’mnotsureIshoulddowiththecase.A.whereB.whetherC.whatD.how解析what...dowith是固定搭配，what引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。C8.ProfessorLi’sbookwillshowyoucanbeusedinothercontexts.A.thatyouhaveobservedB.howyouhaveobservedC.howwhatyouhaveobservedD.howwhathaveyouobserved解析句意为：李教授的书会向你展示你所观察到的知识怎样能适用于其他的场合。how引导了一个宾语从句，而宾语从句中又缺少主语，所以用whatyouhaveobserved充当宾语从句中的主语，该主语从句用陈述语序。C9.Theoldmanwassoangryandspokesofastthatnoneofhischildrenunderstoodhesaidmeant.A.thatthatB.whatwhatC.whatD.that解析本题考查宾语从句和主语从句。第一个what引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作meant的宾语；第二个what引导主语从句，并在该主语从句中作said的宾语。B10.AlongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether解析这是一个同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that来引导，用来补充说明promise的内容。B11.Evidencehasbeenpiledupdrinkingwateraftergettingupinthemorningcontributestoone’shealth.A.whatB.whichC.ifD.that解析考查同位语从句。evidence和后面的从句表达的是同一个内容，所以是同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分所以要用that来引导。D12.isknowntoallisthatwhiledrivingdriversshouldkeepaneyeoutforroadsigns,onwhicharewordsorsymbolsgivingdirectionsorothertrafficinstructions.A.WhatB.AsC.ItD.Which解析考查主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可以看出这个句子缺少主语从句的引导词，主语从句中缺少主语，所以要用what。A13.In1492Columbusandhiscrewarrivedwasso-calledtheNewWorldbythewesterners.A.inwhatB.inwhichC.whatD.where解析考查宾语从句。arrive是个不及物动词，如果后面跟宾语必须加上介词。在宾语从句中缺少了主语，所以介词后面必须用what。A14.Agrowinganxietyisdisturbingthepublictheeconomywillcontinuouslydecline.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.where解析该题考查名词性从句。that在句中引导同位语从句与前面的anxiety构成同位语，解释说明前面的anxiety的内容。B15.Thereisnodoubt,inmyopinion,mattersisnotthespeed,butthequalityoftheproduct.A.whatwhatB.thatthatC.thatifD.thatwhat解析that引导一个同位语从句，在这个同位语从句