高考英语语法复习――代词

代词1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、疑问代词2.it的用法3.区别不定代词一.人称代词1.当说话者不清楚或没必要清楚对象的性别时，可以用It表示。It’salovelybaby.Isitaboyoragirl?2.人称代词也可用作为名词。It’snotashe;it’sahe.3.没有谓语的句子中，人称代词常用宾格----Gladtomeetyou!----Me,too.4.代词（they不分性别）指代已经提过的一些人或事TheBrownsphoned.They’recomingroundthisevening用人称代词完成下列句子Ⅰ----Susan，goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.----Why___（为什么是我)?Johnissittingthere,doingnothingⅡAnewsupermarkethasjustbeenopened.___（他们）aremidweekspecialnow.meThey物主代词人称代词IYouHe/SheItWeThey形容词性物主代词MyYourHis/HerItsOurTheir名词性物主代词MineYoursHis/HersItsOursTheirs形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词Thisisourclassroom这是我们的教室（做名词的定语）Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindows?你介意我开窗户吗（做动名词的定语或被称为动名词的逻辑主语）名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用构成双重所有格：a/an/this/that/These/those/some/any/no/every/each/another...+名词+of+名词性物主代词SomefriendsofminewillattendmypartyⅠ___（他的）fatherisanengineer.ⅡThatcarof___（我的）isalwaysbreakingdown.ⅢHisdictionaryismuchthickerthan___（你的）ⅣIknoweachbrotherof___（她的）Hismineyourshers反身代词1.作宾语动宾：TomtaughthimselfChinese介宾：Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself2.作表语：Sheisnotquiteherselftoday3.作同位语：Imyselfcanrepairthebike反身代词惯用语（5.3第12页）formyself/ofitself/inhimself/tooneself/bymyself/besidemyselfThemachinewillstart___inafewseconds.Themoney___meantnothingtothem.WhenIdineinarestaurant,Ilikeatable____ofitselfinitselftomyself疑问代词5.3第12页What/who/whichWhatever/whoever/whicheverWhatonearth/whoonearth/whichonearthHowmanypeoplearethereinChina?___isthe___ofChina?HowfarisitfromheretoBeijing?____isthedistancefromheretoBeijing?WhatpopulationWhat二、it的用法1.It’shalfpasstwonow.（时间）2.It’s6milestothehospital.（距离）3.It’sverycoldintheroom.（温度）4.Alovelyday,isn’tit?（天气）从你家到学校有多远的路程？Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?多美好的一天啊！Whatafinedayitis!指代前面所提到过的事情、失误、群体、想法、性别不明或被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。----I’vebrokenaplate.----It（=breakingtheplate）doesn’tmatter.我们没有足够的钱，但这不是什么大问题。Wedon’thaveenoughmoney,butit’snotabigproblem.形式主语Itnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.劝他没用Itisnousetryingtopersuadehim.众所周知，中国人口最多It’swell-knownthatChinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.It固定句型（见5.3第13页）区别不定代词Both/all/either/any/neither/none都任何都不二者botheitherNeither三者或三者以上allanynoneMr.Alcottrefusedtoaccept____（任何）ofthethreesuggestionsmadebythestudent’sUnion.Therearemanytreeson____side（=bothsides）ofthestreet._____（都不）ofthetwocarsismine._____（所有）horsesareanimals,butnot_____（所有）animalsarehorses.anyeitherNeitherAllallNone/nothing/nobody（noone）None:既可指人，也可指物。特指概念。常用于回答howmany/much引导的疑问句。Nobody（noone）:只能指人，常回答who引领的疑问句。Nothing：只能指物，常用于回答what引导的疑问句（剩下的见5.3第14页）用None,nothing,nobody（noone）填空---Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?---___---Whoisintheroom?---___---Isthereanyoneintheroom?---___---Isthereanypersonintheroom?---___NoneNobody（noone）NooneNoneAny/everyanyeveryNotanyNotevery任何（3个或以上）每一个（3个或以上）任何都不（全部否定）并非每个（部分否定）Each/every词性意义功能Every形容词3个或以上中的一个定语Each形容词、名词2个或以上中的一个主语、宾语、同位语、定语Each作同位语的时候，不影响谓语动词的单复数形式（5.3第14页）用each/every填空Hehadacuton______foot._____childintheclasspassedtheexam._____ofthehousesisslightlydifferent.Iaskedallthechildrenand_____toldadifferentstory.eachEveryEacheach全部肯定、否定与部分否定全部肯定：all/both/everyone/everybody/everything/every+名词全部否定：noone/none/nobody/nothing/not...any/no+名词部分否定：not+全部肯定、everywhere/always/altogetherWhileIagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,Idon’tagreewith____A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothingIhaven’tread____ofhisbooks,butjudgingfromoneIhaveread,Ithinkhe’llmakeapromising（有前途的）writer.A.anyB.noneC.bothD.eitherCCOne/another/theother/some/theothers一个、一些另外一个、一些剩余的一个、一些单数OneAnotherTheother复数SomeOthersTheothersTheother后只能加可数名词Therestof后既可加可数名词，也可不可数名词Hewilldropinon（顺道拜访）____day.A.SomeothersB.AnotherC.otherD.therestBOne/ones/theone/theones/that/thoseOne：前面出现过的泛指的单数名词Ones：前面出现过的泛指的复数名词Theone：前面出现过的特指的单数名词Theones：前面出现过的特制的复数名词That：前面出现过的的特指的单数名词或不可数名词Those：有时可代替theones（特别是后有后置定语）用one/theone填空----Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?----Didn’twejusthave____?Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_______Iwillalwaystreasure.oneonemany/much/few/little/afew/alittle多少复数名词ManyFew不可数名词MuchLittle肯定否定复数名词AfewFew不可数名词AlittleLittle用many/much/few/little/afew/alittle填空_____（很多）peopledon’thave_____（很多）food._____（很多）ofthemistakeswerejustcausedbycarelessness._____（很少）peoplecanlivetobe100years.Youhavedonevery____（很少）forme.Comeinandhave____（一点）whisky.ManymuchManyFewlittlealittle与不定代词构成的习惯搭配（见5.3第15页）