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Importantwordsandphrases1.differvi.观察示例:Inpairs,lookatthesepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman-make.Explainhowtheydiffer.两人一组,观察图片并讨论哪些是自然无性繁殖,哪些是人工的。解释它们的区别。A：重点单词Hermethoddoesn’tdiffermuchfrommine.她的方法跟我的没有很大不同。Modernairplanesdifferfromearlyones.现代飞机跟早期的在很多方面有所不同。Idifferwithhimhowtosolvetheproblem.对于如何解决问题,我跟他的意见不一致。Theydifferwitheachotheronmoralstandards.关于道德标准,他们的见解不同。归纳拓展：differ是不及物动词,主要有两个义项：“不同,相异；不同意,意见相左”。常见的搭配有：1).sb.differfrom/withsb.on/about/oversth.;2).sth.andsth.differin…;3).sth.differfromsth.即时练习：用介词from,with,on,about,upon或in填空。(1)Wediffer_________him______________thatquestion.from/withon/about/upon(2)Thetwonationsdiffer__cultureandreligion.(3)Theclimateherediffer_________thatoftheSouth.infrom/with2.undertakevt.观察示例:Theprocedureisdifficulttoundertake,ofcourse.当然,这个过程很难实施。Thescientistundertakestheexperiment.科学家从事这项实验。Icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechanges.我愿意承担这些变革的责任。Thelawyerundertookanewcase.那个律师接了一个新的案子。undertake是及物动词,主要有两个义项:着手做,从事,进行;担任,承担,答应,同意。归纳拓展：即时练习：完成下列句子。(1)Hewill__________________nextmonth(去旅行).(2)He____________________(承担一项新任务).undertooktasknewaaundertakejourney3.disturbingadj.观察示例:ThencamedisturbingnewsthatDollybecameseriouslyill.然后传来了多莉得了重病的令人烦恼的消息。Thenewsfromthefrontisverydisturbing.来自前线的消息令人极为不安。归纳拓展：disturbvt.扰乱,使不安,弄乱;disturbedadj.被扰乱的,动乱的,不安的；disturbingadj.令人不安的。特别提示:现在分词表示:令人怎么样,过去分词表示:被使得怎么样,感到怎么样。如:aninterestingstory令人感兴趣的故事aninterestedlook感到兴趣的表情surprisedpeople(感到)惊奇的人们即时练习：用disturb,disturbing,disturbed填空。(1)I’mvery_________aboutAlice.(2)Don’t_______thepapersonmydesk.disturbeddisturb(3)Thiscountryisina_________state.(4)What_________newsitis!(5)Alightwind_________thesurfaceofthewater.disturbingdisturbingdisturbed4.objectv.objectionn.观察示例:Ontheotherhand,Dolly’sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.另一方面,多莉的出现引来了巨大的反对激发了传媒的热炒和公众的想像力。Ifeelastrongobjectiontogettingupearly.我极不愿意早起。Haveyouanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?你反对我打开窗子吗？Mymainobjectiontotheplanisthatitcoststoomuch.我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。objectvi.Weobjecttobeingtreatedlikethis.我们抗议这种待遇。Iobjecttotheplan.我反对这项计划。objectvt.Iobjectthatheistooyoungtotakethatposition.我提出反对意见:他太年轻不适合那个职位。归纳拓展：object作不及物动词时后接介词to或against.作及物动词时可接that引导的从句。objection是名词,常与have,take,feel等连用构成词组：haveobjectiontotakeobjectiontofeelobjectionto即时练习:句型转换(1)Haveyouanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?=Wouldyou________myopeningthewindow?objectto(2)takeobjectiontosmoking.=I________smoking.(3)“Butheistooyoung,”sheargued.=She________thathewastooyoung.objecttoobjected5.forbidvt.观察示例Governmentsbecamenervousandmanyforbaderesearchintohumanclothing.政府开始感到不安,有许多政府禁止对克隆的研究。Smokingshouldbeforbiddeninpublicplaces.公共场所应禁止吸烟。Herfatherforbidhertogooutalone.她父亲不许她单独外出。Iforbidyouenteringmystudy.我不许你进入我的书房。归纳拓展：sth.doingsth.sb.todosth.sb.doingsth.sb.sththat…forbid是及物动词,常见的搭配有：forbid即时练习：完成下列句子(1)Theschool________________________(禁止学生吸烟).(2)Heisforbiddento_____________(进入这个房间).toroomsmokeforbidsthestudentsenterthe6.accumulatevt.SomecountriessuchasChinaandtheUKcontinuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.有些国家比如中国和英国继续收集克隆能提供丰富的医疗帮助的证据。Heaccumulatedfortunebyhardwork.他因努力工作而积蓄了一笔财富。Thepurposeofeducationisnotjustaccumulatinginformation.教育的目的不仅仅是积累知识。vi.Dustaccumulatedduringmyabsence.我不在期间灰尘积聚了起来。归纳拓展：accumulate可作及物动词和不及物动词，表示:收集,聚集,堆积。另外accumulationn.积聚如:theaccumulationofknowledge知识的积聚即时练习：完成下列句子(1)Hequickly______________________(积蓄了一大笔财富).(2)Cloudsbeganto__________________(在天空中聚集).largeinaccumulatedfortuneaccumulateskythe7.retirevi.观察示例:Heretiredattheageof65.他65岁退休。Hewillsoonretirefromthearmy.他不久将退役。Themenwentontalkingwhiletheladiesretired.男人们继续交谈,而女士们退到了客厅。Sheretiredearlythatnight.那天晚上她就寝得早。归纳拓展：retire作不及物动词时有两个义项:退役,退职;退出,退后,从餐厅回到客厅,就寝(较gotobed正式)。即时练习：完成句子(1)Heworkedasaguardafter___________________(退役).(2)Thetroops__________________(从战地退了回来).fieldn.战地thearmyfieldretiringfromretiredfromthe8.bother观察示例:vt.However,theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists.但是,她后来得了严重的肺病这个问题让科学家们感到烦恼。Don’tbotheryourselfaboutme.别为我担心。Doesthenoisebotheryoumuch?那噪音使你深感困扰吗？vi.—ShallIhelpyou?要我帮忙吗？—Don’tbother.I’lldoitmyself.不用麻烦,我会自己做。Don’tbothertocall.不用打电话来。bothern.Ifoundthehousewithoutanybother.我毫不费事地找一了那座房子。Whatabotheryouare!你真讨厌！归纳拓展：bother作及物动词表示:烦扰，打扰作不及物动词表示:麻烦，费事作名词表示:麻烦，麻烦的事，引起麻烦的人构成的短语有：botheraboutsth.botherwithsth.bothertodosth.即时练习：将下列句子译成汉语。(1)Theneighbourswerebotheredbythenoiseoftheparty._______________________________(2)Don’tbotherhimwhileheisworking._______________________________(3)Didyouhavemuchbotherfindingtheaddress?_______________________________邻居们被聚会的噪音所困扰。他工作的时候不要打扰他。你找到那个地址费了很大周折吗？9.resistvt.观察示例:Otherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetotheirchildren.其他的将存活下来并传递其后代抵抗这种病的能力。Theyresistedtheattack.他们抵抗那次攻击。Sheresistedbeingcarriedoff.她拒绝被带走。Shecouldnotresistthetemptation.她无法抗拒那项诱惑。归纳拓展：resist作及物动词主要有三个义项:抵抗,对抗；抵挡,防止；（与cannot,couldnot连用）无法抗拒,无法抵挡。即时练习：将下列句子译成英语。(1)我无法抵挡巧克力。_______________________(2)他们决定留下来抵抗敌人。__________________________