搜索
1一、虚拟现在(SubjunctivePresent):虚拟现在的句子，在任何时候都要用动词的原形(rootform)，就算是第三人称(he,she,it)也是如此。如：1.1现在时态(SimplePresent):(右边为虚拟语气)Iwork----Iworkyouwork----youworkheworks----hework(注意到了吗，是work，不是works)sheworks----shework(不是sheworks喔）itworks----itwork(同样不是itworks喔)wework----weworktheywork----theywork1.2现在进行时态(PresentContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气）Iamworking----Ibeworking(注意用的是be，怪怪的!)youareworking----youbeworkingheisworking----hebeworking2sheisworking----shebeworkingitisworking----itbeworkingweareworking----webeworkingtheyareworing----theybeworking1.3现在完成时态(PresentPerfect):(右边为虚拟语气)Ihaveworked----Ihaveworkedyouhaveworked----youhaveworkedhehasworked-----hehaveworked(用的还是have喔)shehasworked----shehaveworkedithasworked----ithaveworkedwehaveworked----wehaveworkedtheyhaveworked----theyhaveworked1.4现在完成进行时态(PresentPerfectContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气)Ihavebeenworking----Ihavebeenworkingyouhavebeenworking----youhavebeenworkinghehasbeenworking----hehavebeenworking(是hehave,不是hehas)shehasbeenworking----shehavebeenworking3ithasbeenworking---ithavebeenworkingwehavebeenworking----wehavebeenworkingtheyhavebeenworking----theyhavebeenworking嘘，暂时休息一会儿。下回再谈虚拟过去的动词有什么不同。如何，你喜欢她吗？谈谈虚拟语气(SubjunctiveMood)（二）二、虚拟过去(SubjunctivePast)虚拟过去的动词无论在什么情况之下都要用过去复数形式。如：动词be，在虚拟过去中要用were。2.1过去时态(SimplePast):(右边为虚拟语气)Iworked----Iworkedyouworked----youworkedheworked----heworkedsheworked----sheworked4itworked----itworkedweworked----weworkedtheyworked----theyworked2.2过去进行时态(PastContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气)Iwasworking----Iwereworking（注意是Iwere）youwereworking----youwereworkinghewasworking----hewereworking(是hewere喔)shewasworking----shewereworkingitwasworking----itwereworkingwewereworking----wewereworkingtheywereworking----theywereworking2.3过去完成时态(PastPerfect):(右边为虚拟语气)Ihadworked----Ihadworkedyouhadworked----youhadworkedhehadworked----hehadworkedshehadworked----shehadworkedithadworked----ithadworkedwehadworked----wehadworked5theyhadworked----theyhadworked(耶，全部都用had!)2.4过去完成进行时态(PastPerfectContinuous):(右边为虚拟语气)Ihadbeenworking----Ihadbeenworkingyouhadbeenworking----youhadbeenworkinghehadbeenworking----hehadbeenworkingshehadbeenworking----shehadbeenworkingithadbeenworking----ithadbeenworkingwehadbeenworking----wehadbeenworkingtheyhadbeenworking----theyhadbeenworking(全部都是hadbeen喔）看来很简单，是吧？下回我们就要谈到她的本领了。再见了！谈谈虚拟语气(SubjunctiveMood)（三）虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。三、简单的祝愿和命令：63.1祝愿1.Mayyoubehappy.(注意那个be)祝你幸福。2.Mayyouhaveagoodtime.3.Maythefriendshipbetweenuslastlong,4.Haveagoodjourney!祝你旅途愉快！3.2命令注意：1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(SimplePresent)，如：work,be,go4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。1.Work!2.Workharder!3.Bemorealert!(虚拟语气动词Be)4.Yougoout!5.Donotworksohard.(donot表示否定的虚拟语气)6.Don'tbeafraid.(口语中常用don't代替donot)7这回就谈这么多，不会嫌少吧。谈谈虚拟语气(SubjunctiveMood)(四)四、在现在时态句里，用情态动词(ModalVerb)的过去时态(could,might,should,would)表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼、委婉等：1.Wouldyoubekindenoughtoshowmethewaytothepostoffice.(情态动词would,表示客气有礼)2.Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate.(表示委婉)五、虚拟语气在宾语从句(SubordinateClasue)中的用法：5.1在wish后的虚拟语气宾语从句(可省略它的that)：表示：a.和现在的事实相反；b.和过去的事实相反；c.对将来的主观愿望。5.1.1现在情况的虚拟，从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)：81.Iwish(that可省略,下同)Iknewtheanswertothequestion.(wish,动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)2.Iwishitwerespringinmyhometownalltheyeararound.(wish,were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)3.IwishIwereabird.(wish,were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能,难道是鸟人？呵呵)4.Whenshewasattheparty,shewishedshewereathome.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)5.NowthatheisinChina,hewishesheunderstoodChinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)6.Whenwebeginthetrip,theywillwishtheywerewithus.(willwish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)5.1.2过去情况的虚拟，从句动词用had+过去分词（时间上较前):91.Iwish(that可省略，下同)Ihadn'twastedsomuchtime.我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)2.Hewisheshehadn'tlostthechance.他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)3.Wewishedhehadspokentous.(wished，had+spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲)4.Iwishyouhadcalledearlier.(wish,had+called)(事实上已迟了)5.Theywillwishtheyhadlistenedtoussooner.(willwish,had+listened)(事实上并不如此)5.1.3将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)，从句动词用would/should/could/might+动词原形(时间上较后):(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同喔)1.Iwishitwouldstopraining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)10我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)2.Iwishyouwouldbequiet.(would+be)我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)3.Youwishedshewouldarrivethenextday.(would+arrive)你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)4.Iwishshewouldchangehermind.(would+change)我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)5.Hewillwishwewouldjoinhimthefollowingweek.(would+join)(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)为了这个wish的部份，可花了我不少时间喔。Iwishyouwouldappreciatemywork.hihi……谈谈虚拟语气(SubjunctiveMood)(五)5.2除了wish之外，下列各动词(如suggest)的后面的虚拟语气宾语11从句，其谓语用：should+动词原形表示建议(suggest)、坚持(insist)等虚拟语气：*suggest(建议),recommend(推荐),advise(劝告),propose(建议)*insist(坚持),consent(允诺)*decide(决定),order(命令)*request(要求),demand(要求),desire(期望),ask(要求)*maintain(主张),urge(催促)1.Isuggestthatwe(should可省略,下同)startthemeetingatonce.(suggest,should+start)(表示建议立即开会)2.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.(suggested,should+try)(表示建议你应该减肥喔)3.Heinsistedthatallofus(should)bethereontimebyanymains.(insisted,should+be)(表示坚持,无论如何都要准时到那儿。你再讲也没用哩！)4.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.12(insisted,should+tell)(表示非要你告诉他不可)5.Heorderedthatthestudents(s