基于MATLAB的图像分割方法及应用

本科毕业设计（论文）课题名称基于MATLAB的图像分割方法及应用电子信息工程学院电子科学与技术专业学号学生姓名指导教师起讫日期工作地点摘要图像处理是一种新兴学科，在短短几十年中得以迅速发展并广泛应用于航天、军事、医学等领域。它是如今信息社会引人注目的多媒体技术中重要组成部分只一。图像分割技术是非常重要的图像处理技术之一，无语是在理论研究还是在实际应用中人们都非常的重视。图像分割有许多的种类和方式，一些分割运算能够直接应用于任何图像，而另外一些却只适用于特别种类的图像。图像分割技术是从图像处理技术，再到后期的图像分析的关键步骤，图像分割结果的好坏，可以说对图像的理解有直接影响。本文根据图像分割原理及人眼视觉的基本理论，研究图像的彩色模型及图像分割的常用方法，比较各方法的特点，并选择合适的方法对图像进行分割。本文采用MATLAB软件对图像进行彩色坐标变换及阈值分割，计算简单，具有较高的运行效率，分割的结果是使图像更符合人眼的视觉特性，获得比较好的效果。关键字：图像处理；图像分割；人类视觉；MATLABABSTRACTImageprocessingoftheemergingdisciplines,inashortspanofdecadestotherapiddevelopmentandiswidelyusedinmilitary,aerospace,medicalandotherfields.Today'sinformationsocietyitiseye-catchingmulti-mediatechnologyanimportantpart.Thispaperreviewstheimageprocessinginthehumanvisualsegmentationandthebasictheoryandcommonlyusedmethod,combinedwiththecellstodealwithimagecolorspaceconversionandsplit.AndthroughtheMATLABplatformtorealizecolorimagesegmentation.Thisarticlefirstdiscussesthebasicprinciplesofvision,includingthestructureofthehumaneye,thehumaneye'svisualsystem,colorvision,color,etc.Inthispaper,ThebasicprincipleofcolorimageprocessingisalsocarriedoutpreliminarystudywasmainlyaimedatthevisualcharacteristicsofthehumaneyetochoosetheappropriatecolormodeltocolorimagesconvertedfromRGBspacetoreflectthecharacteristicsofhumanvisualprocessingoftheHSIspaceandthen.Colorimagesofcellsafterconversionmodelfortheoperationofdivision.Inthispaper,thethresholdsegmentationofcellimagesegmentationisusingmethods.Thresholdsegmentationmethodappliedtoobjectsandbackgroundhaveastrongercontrasttothesituation,itisimportantthatthegraybackgroundorobjectsinasinglecomparison,thecalculationissimple,withhighoperatingefficiency.Theresultsofsegmentationaretomaketheimagemoreinlinewiththevisualcharacteristicsofthehumaneyeandtoobtainrelativelygoodresults.Keywords:imageprocessing;imagesegmentation;MATLAB;humanvisual目录第一章绪论..............................................................................................................................11.1前言....................................................................................................................................11.2MATLAB简介.....................................................................................................................21.3视觉研究现状..................................................................................................................31.4视觉研究与彩色图像坐标转换..................................................................................31.4.1视觉研究与图像处理........................................................................................31.4.2视觉研究在彩色图像坐标转换的应用........................................................41.5研究目的与内容.............................................................................................................41.5.1研究目的...............................................................................................................41.5.2本文主要内容.....................................................................................................5第二章视觉基本理论.........................................................................................................62.1视光学................................................................................................................................62.1.1人眼的结构..........................................................................................................62.1.2视觉系统...............................................................................................................72.1.3颜色视觉...............................................................................................................82.1.4肉眼色度视觉原理............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2目标物体的彩色坐标转换...........................................................................................92.2.1彩色色度学模型.................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.2工业彩色模型.....................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.3彩色视觉模型......................................................................错误!未定义书签。第三章图像处理技术基础.............................................................................................113.1技术背景.........................................................................................................................113.2彩色图像格式................................................................................................................113.3彩色图像分割技术.......................................................................................................123.3.1阈值分割法........................................................................................................123.3.2边缘检测法........................................................................................................133.3.3区域生长法........................................................................................................133.3.4分水岭分割法...................................................................................................143