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《微机式医学仪器设计》课程论文基于单片机的心率监控系统设计班级学号：姓名：生物医学工程2013年12月I摘要心率是指单位时间内心脏跳动的次数,一般指每分钟的心跳次数,是临床常规检查的生理指标。心率监测系统在我们的日常生活中已经得到了非常广泛的应用。在医学上，通过测量人的心率，便可初步判断人的健康状况。本课题设计完成了一个基于51单片机的心率监测系统。系统以AT89C51单片机为核心，以红外发光二极管和光敏三极管为传感器，利用单片机系统内部定时器来计算时间，由光敏三极管感应心跳脉冲，单片机通过脉冲累加得到心脏跳动次数，在数码管上显示心跳次数和时间。系统实现了心率的实时监测与显示、定时测量以及报警提醒等功能。实验结果表明，系统工作正常，测量灵敏度高，实现了设计功能。关键词：心率监测；AT89C51单片机；光电传感器IIAbstractHeartrategenerallyreferstothenumberofheartbeatsperminute.Itisoneofthephysiologicalindexesinclinicalroutineexamination.Theheartratemonitoringsystemhasbeenwidelyusedinourdailylife.Inmedicine,itcanpreliminarilydeterminethehealthstatusbymeasuringheartrate.Thispaperproposesanewsystembasedonasingle-chipmicrocomputerandtwosensorsofaninfraredlightemittingdiodeandaphototransistor.Thesensorsdetectheartbeatingandthesingle-chipmicrocomputergetsthefrequencybyaccumulatingthetimesofheartbeating.Thetimeisobtainedbytheinnertimerofthesingle-chipmicrocomputer.Thissystemcannotonlydisplaytheheartrate,thetesttimeonline,butalsogivealarmingasaremindingwhentheheartrateisnotnormal.Thetestresultshowsthatthesystemworkswellwithhighsensitivityandshortdelay.Ithasrealizedthefunctionsofdesign.Keywords:Heartingratemonitoring；AT89C51single-chipmicrocomputer；Photoelectricsensor1目录摘要.................................................................................................................................................IAbstract..............................................................................................................................................II第一章概述......................................................................................................................................11.1选题背景和意义....................................................................................................................11.2心率监测系统的发展与应用................................................................................................1第二章心率监测系统工作原理......................................................................................................2第三章硬件系统设计......................................................................................................................23.1光电传感器结构....................................................................................................................23.2信号取样电路.......................................................................................................................33.3信号放大电路........................................................................................................................43.4低通放大电路.......................................................................................................................43.5单片机控制电路....................................................................................................................63.6LED显示电路.......................................................................................................................63.7报警电路...............................................................................................................................73.8硬件系统原理........................................................................................................................7第四章软件系统设计......................................................................................................................84.1主程序流程...........................................................................................................................84.2中断程序流程.......................................................................................................................94.3显示程序流程.....................................................................................................................10第五章系统测试结果......................................................................................................................105.1硬件调试.............................................................................................................................105.2系统测试.............................................................................................................................115.3误差分析.............................................................................................................................11总结与展望........................................................................................................................................12参考文献....................................................................................................................................13附录..............................................................................................................................................141第一章概述1.1选题背景和意义心率(HeartRate)是用来描述心跳周期的专业术语，是指心脏每分钟跳动的次数,它不仅是反映心脏功能强弱的重要标志，也是反映人体运动强度的生理指标。心率携带有丰富的人体健康状况信息。进入21世纪以来，科技不断的发展，电子产品越来越多，系统的价格越来越便宜；产品的科技含量比例也越来越大，性能越来越可靠。人们日常的生产、生活都在慢慢走向高度自动化和智能化。医院的护士每天都要给住院的病人把脉记录病人每分钟心跳数，方法是用听诊器放在胸口处，根据心脏的跳动进行计数。为了节省时间，一般不会作1分钟的测量，通常是测量10秒内的心跳数，再把结果乘以6得到每分钟的心跳数，这样做还是比较费时，而且精度也不高。为了提高心率测量的精确性与速度，多种心率监测仪