动词-ing形式的被动式

Learningaboutlanguage(5)动名词的复合结构：物主代词或名词所有格与动名词连用，构成动名词的复合结构。在口语和不太正式的英语中，这种结构如果不用在句子开头，常用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，用名词普通格代替所有格。如：Hedoesn’tlikemeborrowinghisbike.Idon’tremembermymothergoingthere.1.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.（2007全国卷II）A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandcloseChoosetherightanswer.2.__tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.(上海2002)A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed分析:本句中expose与one'sskin是动宾关系,根据句意,应该是皮肤被暴露在阳光下,所以要用动词-ing形式的被动形式作主语,故答案为C。3.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto______.（上海2003）A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught分析:leadto中的to是介词,后接动词-ing形式作宾语。“小偷被抓”应用动词-ing的被动形式beingcaught,所以选C。4.______twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.（09北京）A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten5.________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.（09四川）A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold【答案】D考查非谓语的用法。【点拨】tell与主语之间的关系是被动和完成的关系，所以用havingbeendone来表示被动和完成。6.Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.(09江西卷)A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted【答案】B本题考查非谓语动词的完成式。Mention后面跟动名词，且promote与he为动宾关系，故应用V-ing的被动形式，又因为“提升”在“打电话”之前，故用完成时。【实战演练I】1.---WhatmadeBillsoangry?---______.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.BeingkeptwaitedB2.Thebuilding___inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuiltD3.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed____.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch4.---Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?---Excellent,it’sworth__asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingreadCC5.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp___intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuadedC6.Tonywasveryunhappyfor__totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvitedD8.Tonywasveryangryat___toahigherposition.A.InotpromotingB.mynotbeingpromotedC.notmebeingpromotedD.notpromotedB9.Youcan’timaginewhatgreattroubletheyhave___theproblem____.A.tosolve;beingdiscussedB.solving;beingtalkedaboutC.tosolve;totalkaboutD.solving;todiscussB10.----Car17wontherace.----Yes,butitsdrivercamecloseto__.A.havingkilledB.havingbeenkilledC.bekilledD.beingkilledD11.___fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australianhadmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.tobeseparatedC12.---Atrafficjam?----Oh,no.___,therightsideoftheroadisclosedforthetimebeing.A.ToberepairedB.BeingrepairedC.RepairedD.HavingrepairedB【实战演练II】1.Wecongratulatedhimonhiselectingchairman.beingelectedchairman【解析】非谓语动词elect的逻辑主语为him,它们之间存在被动关系，故用beingelected。2.Hedidn’tmindnottoinvitetotheball.beinginvited【解析】invite与句子主语之间为被动关系，有因为mind后跟动名词，故使用动名词的被动形式；其否定形式是在非谓语动词的最前面加not。3.Icanhardlyimaginetheworktobedonewithinfivedays.beingdone【解析】imagine后只能跟动名词,且do与thework之间存在被动关系,故用动名词的被动形式。4.Hebeingbeatenatchesswasagreatsurprisetous.Hisbeingbeaten【解析】动名词作主语时，其前可以加一个物主代词或名词的所有格形式来表示其逻辑主语，但不能使用人称代词或普通名词。【实战演练III】用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Iappreciated___________________________(give)theopportunitytoworkinyourcompanytwoyearsago.2.Ourneighborcamecloseto__________(kill)inatrafficaccidenttheotherday.beinggiven/havingbeengivenbeingkilled3.Whileshopping,wesometimescan’thelp_______________(persuade)tobuywhatwedon’treallyneed.4.Itmademeupsettohearthenewsofhis_____________________________(fire)fromthatgoodjob.5.Theforeignfriendsyoureferredtoarelookingforwardto____________(show)aroundournewlybuiltlanguagelab.beingshownbeingpersuadedbeingfired/havingbeenfiredGrammar动词-ing形式的被动式动词-ing形式的被动式,其构成为“being+PP.”,可在句中作主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语和状语,但不能单独作谓语,其完成形式为havingbeendone,多在句中作状语。如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词-ing形式要用被动语态，动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分。1)一般式:Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.Georgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting.Iamnotinterestedinthetopicbeingdiscussed.Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.他害怕被老师责骂。此外,动词-ing形式的被动式还可以在句中构成复合宾语。如：You’llfindthetopicbeingdiscussedeverywhere.你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。Heoftenwatchedtheboatsbeingunloaded.他常常看轮船卸货。Asweapproachedthevillagewesawnewhousesbeingbuilt.走近村子时我们看到正在盖新房。而且在want,need,deserve,require等动词后,尽管表示的是被动含义,我们却用动词-ing形式，也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.黑板需要擦干净。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.那个破窗户需要修理。在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样:Hermethodisworthtrying.她的方法值得试一下。2)完成式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。Hepridedhimselfonhavingneverbeenbeateninclass.动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分?1.Sobeingkilledbysharkswasacommonoccurrence.2.Hedidn’tmindbeingleftathome.3.Thatbuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.4.Beingprotectedbyathickwall,theyfelttheywerequitesafe.5.Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldsheletitslipaway?主语subject宾语object定语attributive状语adverbial状语adverbialIV.将下列句子翻译成英语.(passiveV-ingform)1.他受不了别人那样开他的玩笑。2.这问题远远没有解决。3.没有谁请他做，是他自己做的。4.在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。5.既然已做出了决定,下个问题就是如何制定一个好的计划。3.没有谁