城市交通规划中交通可达性模型及其应用

ISSN100020054CN1122223öN()JTsinghuaUniv(Sci&Tech),20094962009,Vol.49,No.6w1http:ööqhxbw.chinajournal.net.cn,,(,100084):2008203205:(2007AA11Z202):(1957),(),,E2mail:[e-mail]:,35,,,:;;;:U491.1:A:100020054(2009)0620765205ModelsandapplicationoftransportaccessibilityinurbantransportplanningLUHuapu,WANGJifeng,ZHANGYongbo(DepartmentofCivilEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Acomparativestudyof5transprtationaccessibilitymodelsemphasizedthedefinitions,connotationsandmodelformulationsforurbantransportplanning.TheempiricalstudyevaluatedthepublictransitaccessibilityatpeakrushhoursincentralDalian.Thestudyevaluatestherelationshipbetweenaccessibilityandmobilityandpresentsanaccessibility2orientedplanningmethod.Comparedwithtraditionaltransportplanning,thismethodiscompletelypeople2orientedand,thus,moreusefulforsolvingurbantransportproblems.Keywords:urbantransportplanning;accessibility;evaluationmodel;mobility,,,1931Reilly[1],,,[2],[3-5],,,,,;,1,,,,4[6]:1),;2),;3),;4),51.1(M1)(spatialseparationmeasure)[7],2(),,iAi=1JjJ-itij.(1):tijij;J,,,1.2(M2),[8],(),Ai=jOjS.(2):S(20min);OjSj,jiS,S,1.3(M3)[9],2,Wilson[10][11],Hansen[8]:Ai=jDjtAij.(3):A,2;Djj,;tij,i1.4(M4)[12],,,[13],:Ai=lnjCexp(Vij).(4):Vijij,C,,1.5(M5),,[14],,,Kwan(feasibleopportunityset,FOS)[15],,A=iWiI(i),I(i)=1,iFOS;0,i.(5):Wii,FOSi,1.6M1M5,5,,Bhat[16],Miller[17],,22.1,M1M5,1:1);2);3),(07:0009:00),667()2009,49(6)12.2:1)tij:ij(),M1M3;2)S:20min,M2;3)Vij:[18],:Vij=-0.04564(dijökm)-0.0353(tijömin)+4.8644;(6)4)FOS:i2.3,,0100,2,32:1);2),,,,,,767,:3,[16]3,,,(),()(),,,,,,,,,,,,:1),(),,2),;,,3),,;,,,,4),,[19]4,,;,,,,(vehiclekilometerstraveled,VKT),,,[20],,11+,,44:,,,;867()2009,49(6),;,,45,,BP(SUMO)(References)[1]PoolerJA.Theuseofspatialseparationinthemeasurementoftransportationaccessibility[J].TransportationResearchPartA,1995,29(3):421-427.[2]GeursKT,RitsemavanEck.Accessibilitymeasures:Reviewandapplications[R].RIVMReport408505006.Bilthoven:NationalInstituteofPublicHealthandtheEnvironment,2003.[3],.[J].,2005,24(3):69-78.LIPinghua,LUYulin.Reviewandprospectationofaccessibilityresearch[J].ProgressinGeography,2005,24(3):69-78.(inChinese)[4],,.[J].,2007,26(5):100-110.CHENJie,LUFeng,CHENGChangxiu.Advanceinaccessibilityevaluationapproachesandapplications[J].ProgressinGeography,2007,26(5):100-110.(inChinese)[5].[J].,2007,5(6):36-43.LIUXianteng.Generaldescriptionofspatialaccessibility[J].UrbanTransportofChina,2007,5(6):36-43.(inChinese)[6]GeursKT,WeeBvan.Accessibilityevaluationofland2useandtransportstrategies:Reviewandresearchdirections[J].JournalofTransportGeography,2004,12(2):127-140.[7]IngramDR.Theconceptofaccessibility:Asearchforanoperationalform[J].RegionalStudies,1971,5(2):101-107.[8]WachsM,KumagaiTG.Physicalaccessibilityasasocialindicator[J].Socio2EconomicsPlanningSciences,1973,7(5):437-456.[9]HansenWG.Howaccessibilityshapeslanduse[J].JAmeInstPlanners,1959,25(1):73-76.[10]WilsonAG.Astatisticaltheoryofspatialdistributionmodels[J].TransportationResearch,1967,1(2):253-269.[11]WilsonAG.Afamilyofspatialinteractionmodels,andassociateddevelopments[J].EnvironmentandPlanning,1969,3(1):1-32.[12]Ben2AkivaM,LermanSR.Discretechoiceanalysis:Theoryandapplicationtotraveldemand[M].Massachusetts:MITPress,1985.[13]Ben2AkivaM,LermanSR.Disaggregatetravelandmobilitychoicemodelsandmeasuresofaccessibility[C]ööHensherDA,SopherPR.BehavioralTravelModelling,1979:654-679.[14]HgerstrandT.Whataboutpeopleinregionalscience[J].PapersRegionalSciAssoc,1970,24:7-21.[15]KwanM.Space2timeandintegralmeasuresofindividualaccessibility:Acomparativeanalysisusingapoint2basedframework[J].GeographicalAnalysis,1998,30(3):191-216.[16]BhatC,ChenQL.Developmentofanurbanaccessibilityindex:Formulationaggregationandapplication[R].No.72493824.Austin:CenterforTransportationResearch,theUniversityofTexas,2002.[17]MillerHJ.Measuringspace2timeaccessibilitybenefitswithintransportationnetworks:Basictheoryandcomputationalprocedures[J].GeographicalAnalysis,1999,31(2):187-212.[18].:[R].:,2005.InstituteofTransportationEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity.Daliancomprehensivetransportationplanning:Traveldemandforecastingreport[R].Beijing:InstituteofTransportationEngineering,2005.(inChinese)[19]RossW.Personalmobilityorcommunityaccessibility:Aplanningchoicewithsocial,economicandenvironmentalconsequences[R].Perth:MurdochUniversity,2003.[20]CerveroR.Paradigmshift:Fromautomobilitytoaccessibilityplanning[J].UrbanFutures,1997,22(1):9-20.967,: