美国的文化

WhenwetalkaboutAmerica,whatthingscometoyourmindfirst?Nationalflag:StarsandStripesNationalanthem:TheStarSpangledBanner,TheStarSpangledBanner于1814年由FrancisScottKey作曲，WoodrowWilson总统于1916年下令于军中场合演奏，于1931年由国会立法通过成为国歌。O'saycanyousee,bythedawn'searlylightWhatsoproudlywehail'datthetwilight'slastgleaming?Whosebroadstripesandbrightstars,thro'theperilousfight,O'retherampartswewatched,weresogallantlystreaming?Andtherockers'redglare,thebombsburstinginair,Gaveproofthro'thenightthatourflagwasstillthereOsay,doesthatstarspangledbanneryetwaveO'rethelandofthefreeandthehomeofthebrave?DisneylandHollywood贝拉克·侯赛因·奥巴马二世(BarackHusseinObamaII)，美国第44任总统，出生于美国夏威夷州火奴鲁鲁，祖籍肯尼亚（TheRepublicofKenya）。奥巴马是首位拥有黑人血统，并且童年在亚洲成长的美国总统，与不同地方与不同文化背景的人共同生活过。2010年5月27日美国白宫发布了“国家安全战略报告”。奥巴马在该报告中将军事作为外交努力无效的最后手段。新国家安全战略认为世界充满了多种威胁，放弃了布什政府“反恐战争”的说法。迈克尔·乔丹（MichaelJordan，1963年2月17日－）：美国NBA著名篮球运动员，被称为“空中飞人”。他在篮球职业生涯中创造了刷屏般无可枚举的纪录，是公认的全世界最棒的篮球运动员，也是NBA历史上第一位拥有“世纪运动员”称号的巨星。他将NBA推广至全球每个角落，成为好莱坞以外又一无可阻挡的美国文化，他为联盟带来的收入至少在100亿以上，也把耐克公司从一家小公司变成闻名世界的超级巨头。2010年3月19日，已经退役的迈克尔·乔丹成功收购NBA夏洛特山猫队，成为山猫队的老板。科比·布莱恩特KobeBryant（1978年8月23日－），美国职业篮球运动员，自1996年起效力于NBA洛杉矶湖人队，司职得分后卫。科比·布莱恩特是前NBA篮球运动员乔·布莱恩特的儿子。科比是NBA最好的得分手之一，突破、投篮、罚球、三分球他都驾轻就熟，几乎没有进攻盲区，单场比赛81分的个人纪录就有力的证明了这一点。除了疯狂的得分外，科比的组织能力也很出众，经常担任球队进攻的第一发起人。另外科比还是联盟中最好的防守人之一，贴身防守非常具有压迫性。Unit1UnderstandingAmericanSocietyandCultureUnitGoalsTogainageneralknowledgeofAmericansocietyandcultureToadoptarightattitudetowardsculturaldifferencesTogetacquaintedwithsomebasicculturalconceptsconcerningAmericansocietyandcultureTolearnusefulwordsandexpressionsaboutAmericansocietyandcultureandimproveEnglishlanguageskillsContents1AmericanCulturalValues3FamoussymbolsofAmericanCultureMoralValuesinAmerica52GeneralGeographicCharacteristicsofAmericaANationofImmigrantsTestyourknowledgeaboutAmericanculture1.WhenpeopletalkabouttheU.S.asantaitonofimmigrants,youmaythinkofthenickname_____________________.2.Whenpeopletalkaboutfreedom,youmaythinkoftheStatueof_________inNewYork.3.WhenpeopletalkaboutgoingtotheU.S.topursuesuccess,youmaysaytheywanttoachievetheir_______________.4.WhenpeopletalkabouttheCivilRightsMovementintheU.S.,youmaythinkoftheleader__________________andhisspeech_____________.5.WhenpeopletalkaboutpopularAmericansport,youmaythinkoftheballgame_____________________________.6.WhenpeopletalkaboutThanksgivingintheU.S.,youknowthebirdservedonthedinnertableshouldbe__________.MeltingPot/SaladBowlLibertyAmericandreamMartinLutherKingIHaveaDreambaseball/Americanfootball/basketballturkeyCivilRightsMovementSegregationlaws(隔离法)inSouthernstatesintheUSpreventedblackandwhitepeoplefromsittingtogetherinmovietheatres,eatinginthesamerestaurants,drinkingfromthesamewaterfountain,etc.AlthoughthesearenotAmendment(补充法案）totheUSConstitution,theUSgovernmentwouldnotdeclaretheSouthernlawsunconstitutionaluntiltherewerecasesbroughtinthefederalcourts.Thecivilrightsmovementsbeganwhenblackpeoplespontaneouslyprotestedsegregationlawsandcreatedorganizationstomaketheprotestssuccessful.MartinLutherKingMartinLutherKingwasablackminister,whowasagreatpoliticalandreligiousleaderofthenon-violentcivilrightsmovementin1950s.OnAugust28,1963,heledover250,000AmericansonamarchinWashingtonD.C.tofightfortheCivilRightsLawtoguaranteeequalityforallpeople,anddeliveredhisbest-knownspeech“IHaveaDream”beforetheLincolnMemorial.ThushewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforpeacein1964.Buthewastragicallymurderedfouryearslater.ByvoteofCongressin1968,thethirdMondayofeveryJanuaryisnowafederalholidayinMartinLutherKing’shonor.1GeneralGeographicCharacteristicsofAmericaTheUnitedStatesissituatedinNorthAmericabetweenCanadaandMexico,bordingboththeNorthAtlanticOceanandtheNorthPacificOcean.ThepositionofAmericahasalwaysbeenoneofitschiefassets(资产,财产).Over2,000milesfromEuropeand7,000milesfromAsia,itwaslongisloatedfromtheconflilctsofthesetroubledcontinents.Itthusoffereditselfahavenforthosewhowishedtoseekanewlifefreeofrestrictions(约束,限制).Notsurprisingly,manyofthefirstsettlerswereSeparatists,anxioustoseparatethemselvesoutfromtheestablishedchurchesofWesternEurope.However,asthesettlersmovefurtheraway,strikinginlandacrosstheAppalachians,theyisolatedthemselvesevenmore,enjoyingastillgreaterchancetocreateadifferentllife.Inthissense,isolationhelpedAmericatoworkoutacharacterofitsown.Additionally,thegeographicalpositionhasfavoredAmericansinplacingtheircountryinthemiddlesoflatitudes(n.纬度).ItthusisawarmtemperatelandandonlyinnorthernAlaskaisitunderthepermanentthreatoffrost.Moreover,asitfacestwooceans,itissweptbyhumidandmaritime(海的)airsandonlyintheextremesoughwestdoesitexperiencechronic(长期的；慢性的)drought.Noothercountryhassuchafavorableclimaticdisposition----comfortable,stimulatingandproductive.Two-thirdsofRussiaisinthecool-temperateandarcticzones,frustratedbyfrostandalargepartofChinaissocontinentalastobeawayfromrain-bearing(带雨云层)winds,debarredbydroughts.Statesoriginal48statesAlaskaandHawaii,separatedfromthecontinent,becamethe49thand50thstatesin1959.AlaskabordersonnorthwesternCanadaHawaiiliesinthecentralPacificOceanAlaska—thelargestRhodeIsland—th