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动词时态语法专题(一)•英语中的十六种时态：1.一般现在时9.现在完成时2.一般过去时10.过去完成时3.一般将来时11.将来完成时4.一般过去将来时12.过去将来完成时5.现在进行时13.现在完成进行时6.过去进行时14.过去完成进行时7.将来进行时15.将来完成进行时8.过去将来进行时16.过去将来完成进行时现在过去将来过去将来一般dodidwill/dowoulddo进行am/is/aredoingwas/weredoingwillbedoingwouldbedoing完成have/hasdoneHaddonewillhavedonewouldhavedone完成进行have/hasbeendoinghadbeendoingwillhavebeendoingwouldhavebeendoingTheFatherandHisSonFather:Youknow,Tom,whenLincoln______(be)yourage,he______(be)averygoodpupil.Infact,he_______(be)thebestpupilinhisclass.Tom:Yes,Father.I_______(know)that.Butwhenhe_______(be)yourage,he________(be)PresidentoftheUnitedStates.waswaswaswaswasknow1.一般现在时:dodoes用法：•A)表示现在的状态、特征、情况Theyliveinthesamebuilding.•B)经常性、习惯性动作•（常与usually,always,everyday,twiceaweek,seldom,sometimes等时间状语连用。）Heworkseighthourseveryday.•C)客观事实和普遍真理,格言或警句等）•Thesunrisesintheeast.•Itsnowsinthewinter.•practicemakesperfect.•D)表示按规定、计划及安排要发生的情况.•(一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等动词中，常与时间状语连用)Themeetingisat2:00p.m.下午两点开会Theplanetakesoffatten.•E）在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，如果主句是将来时或主句是祈使句，从句中要用一般现在时,代替将来时。•I’llnotgounlessI’minvited.•Tellhimthenewsassoonashecomes.(1)Thegeographyteachertoldustheearthmovedaroundthesun.(2)Wealwayscareforeachotherandhelpeachother.(3)Theshopwillcloseat11：00p．m.1.Jenny____inanoffice.Herparents____inahospital.A.workworksB.worksworkC.workareworkingD.isworkingwork2.Oneoftheboys_____ablackhat.A.haveB.thereisC.thereareD.has3.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'train4.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.A.rose;setB.rises;setsC.rises,setD.rise;sets5.WangMei____musicandoften____tomusic.A.like;listenB.likes;listensC.like;arelisteningD.likinglisten6.Jenny____Englisheveryevening.A.hasstudyB.studiesC.studyD.studied7.AMidsummerNight'sDream_____attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune,andthentoursthroughoutScotland.A.opensB.isopenedC.willopenD.willbeopened8.Myplane________at9o'clocktomorrowmorning.Willyoucometoseemeoff?A)willbeleaveB)leavesC)willhaveleftD)isleft9.WhenBill______,askhimtowaitforme.A.comesB.willcomeC.hascomeD.came2.一般过去时1.结构:did/was/were•用法：•A.表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态.(常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用（yesterday,lastnight)•B表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。（常和often,always等表示频度的时间状语连用）•Weoftenplayedbadmintontogetherwhenwewerechildren．我们小时候常在一起打羽毛球。•(表过去习惯性的动词，也可用would/usedtodo句型）•.他过去常乘公共汽车去上班。•Heusedto/wouldgotoworkbybus.•3.一般将来时表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况,常和表示将来的时间状语连用基本结构:will/shall+动词原形Ishallgraduatenextyear.Youwon’tsucceedwithouttheirsupport.其他将来时的表达方式：1）begoingtodo…表示打算、计划、决定要做的事;“有迹象表明或预示着将发生………Lookatthedarkclouds;it’sgoingtorain.看那乌云，快要下雨了。2)beabouttodo…表示眼下马上就要发生的动作HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。•3)be+todo…表示计划中约定的必须将发生的行为；按职责义务必须去做的事情/要发生的动作You’retodelivertheseflowersbefore10.你在10点钟之前把这些花送去。•4)be+doing主要用于go,come,leave,start等表示去向的短暂性动词。如：•I’mleavingtomorrow.明天我要走了。••①You___________yourpapersby10o'clock.到10点你得交上试卷。•②Lookatthedarkclouds.It____________•看那乌云，快要下雨了。•.•③小男孩就要摔倒了。•Thelittleboy__________fallover.•④我们马上出发。•We_____tostartoff.aretohandinIt’sgoingtorainisgoingtoareabout•在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中，陈述句中只能用will或情态动词加动词原形。如：•Workhard,andyouwillpasstheexam.努力学习，你就会通过考试。1.___________straightonandyou’llseeachurch．Youwon’tmissit．A．GoB．GoingC．IfyougoD．Whengoing2.Standoverthere__________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter．A．orB．whileC．butD．and•JennyJenny_____(be)aforeigngirl.She_______(come)fromtheUnitedStates.Look,she_____________(draw)picturesinthelivingroom.Twoyearsago,herparents_________(move)toChina.Jenny____________(nothave)anyfriends,soshe_______(feel)lonely.Butnow,she_______(have)manyChinesefriendsand_______(study)withthemeveryday.Jenny___________(visit)hergrandparentsintheUnitedStatesnextmonth.iscomesisdrawingmoveddidn’thavefelthasstudieswillvisit•Weareconfidentthattheenvironment______byourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.•A.hadbeenimprovedB.willbeimprovedC.isimprovedD.wasimproved4.现在进行时•结构:be(am,are,is)+doing用法:A.表示说话时正在进行的动作Someone’sknockingatthedoor.B.表示现阶段内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。Heisteachingatanightschool.C.现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动(用现在进行时表示将来)He’sarrivingtomorrowmorning.D.现在进行时与always,continually,constantly,never等频度副词连用，连用，表达厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。你总是忘记这些重要的事情。（表责怪,不满）Youarealwaysforgettingtheimportantthings.他总是学习很用功。（表赞赏）Heisalwaysworkinghard.这个男孩上课老说话。•Theboyisalwaystalkinginclass.三、对现在进行时的考查由上下文语境表示时间。1)—What’stheterriblenoise？—Theneighbors____foraparty（2004年北京卷）A.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepareD.willprepare4)SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn'tstoppedringing.People_____toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.A.phoneB.willphoneC.werephoningD.arephoning5)Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange5.过去进行时结构：was/were+doing用法：A.表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作.通常有时间状语例：Marywaslisteningtolightmusic10minutesago.★B.在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作要用过去进行时，而另一个动作用一般过去时。我进屋的时候，她正坐在书桌前面。WhenIenteredtheroom,shewassittingatherdesk.你敲前门时，我正在洗头发。Iwaswashingmyhairwhenyouknockedatthefrontdoor.C.瞬间动词come，go，leave，reach，return，start，arrive，die等的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作。（用过去进行时，来代替过去将来时）•Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatsixthenextmorning.练习•1.Asshe____thene