中国非英语专业大学生的外语写作焦虑测试报告及其对写作教学的启示-郭燕

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中国非英语专业大学生的外语写作焦虑测试报告及其对写作教学的启示*郭 燕  秦晓晴:本研究采用《二语写作焦虑量表》,通过问卷与访谈对453名中国非英语专业大学生的外语写作焦虑状况进行了调查。研究发现,由课堂教学焦虑、构思焦虑、回避行为及自信忧虑四个因素构成的外语写作焦虑在大学生中普遍存在,其中回避行为达到高焦虑水平;高、低焦虑水平被试的写作成绩有显著差异;写作焦虑与写作成绩呈显著负相关;被试外语写作能力及总体语言能力的自我评价对写作焦虑产生显著效应。文章最后对大学英语写作教学提出了相关建议。:写作焦虑;写作成绩;自我评价;写作教学Abstract:Thispaperreportsanempiricalstudyonforeignlanguagewritinganxietyof453Chinesenon-Englishmajorsbymeansofquestionnairesurveysandinterviews.Exploratoryfactoranalysisyieldsfourfactorsinthecon-structofforeignlanguagewritinganxiety,i.e.classroomteachinganxiety,conceivinganxiety,avoidancebehavior,andlackofconfidence.Thestudyrevealsthat:(1)thenon-Englishmajorsexperienceforeignlanguagewritinganxietytoamediumdegree,andoneanxietyfactor,avoidancebehavior,isofhighfrequency;(2)thehighandlowanxietygroupsintermsofgeneralwritinganxietyandeachanxietyfactorexhibitsignificantdifferencesinwritingper-formance;(3)therearesignificantnegativecorrelationsbetweenwritingperformanceandallfouranxietyfactors;(4)thestudentsself-perceptionsofforeignlanguagewritingabilityandoverallforeignlanguageproficiencyhavesig-nificanteffectsontheirwritinganxiety.Finally,thepaperprovidessomesuggestionsforcollegeEnglishteachingofwriting.Keywords:writinganxiety;writingperformance;self-perception;teachingofwriting:H319 :B :1004-5112(2010)02-0054-101.“”“”,。,,,(AffectiveFactors)。,(Ox-ford1999)。,,。,。,(2004;2005;,2007)。,(2003;,,2005)。———,,。2.,Horwitz1986,“·54·20102(137)                              *(08BYY027)“”(2008B010)。、、”(Horwitzetal1986:128)。《》(ForeignLanguageClass-roomAnxietyScale,FLCAS)。,,(MacIntyreGardner1989;MacIntyreGardner1991;MacIntyreGardner1994;Aida1994;Onwuegbuzie,BaileyDaley1999)。,《》,(Phillips1992;Aida1994;Cheng,HorwitzSchallert1999)。,(Elkhafaifi2005;2003;2004)、(Saito,HorwitzGarza1999;Sellers2000;,2006;,2007)(Chengetal1999;Cheng2004)。(DalyWilson1983),,,、,。(Faigley,DalyWitte1981;FowlerRoss1982)。,(Krashen1982),。Cheng(1999)DalyMiller(1975)《》(Writ-ingApprehensionTest,WAT),《》(FLCAS),、。:、,。Cheng(1999)、。《》(Cheng2004)。,McKain(1991),RichmondDickson-Markman(1985:259)WAT“”(Cheng2004)。,Cheng(2004)《》(SecondLan-guageWritingAnxietyInventory,SLWAI;“”“”“”),。。Cheng(2004),,、、。,、(2004)191,,。(2005),。,DalyMiller(1975)《》,。Cheng(2004)《》,453,:(1)?,?(2)?(3)?(4)?3.3.1被试2007453,、、、、、、、、、、、、、、。,332,73.3%;121,26.7%。6。3.2研究工具·55·                    ForeignLanguageWorldNo.22010(GeneralSerialNo.137)3.2.1外语写作焦虑量表《》,。22,5,“”(1)“”(5)5。227(1、4、7、17、18、2122),。22,22110。,,。,,、、。3.2.2作文成绩测量。,30,“TheCancellationoftheGoldenWeek”(?)。,120。、,,15。0.811。。3.2.3探索性因子分析Cheng(2004),,。,KMO0.864,BartlettsTest2910.903(df=231,p=0.000),。1、160.4,,(Nunnally1978;Stevens1996)。20,4,57.393%,0.40,1。Cheng(2004)(SomaticAnxiety)、(CognitiveAnxiety)(AvoidanceBe-havior)3。,15,2Cheng(2004),3;,,、、、,。25,5Cheng(2004),,。36,Cheng(2004),。44,,。1 1:3,,、。.70620。.6488,。.61814。.61419,、。.5432:11,。.8236,。.65813,。.6532,。.58115,。.535·56·20102(137)                              ()3:5。.82210。.81718。.81712,。.75222,。.7194,、。.6994:21。.78117。.6977。.6259,。.445  3.2.4内部一致性检验,4,Cronbachsalpha0.842,10.711,20.790,30.774,40.680。,。3.3访谈,26。、。4.4.1描述性统计结果,。,4.51,0,20。9.67(:,451),、,,。,29/,6.4%;297,65.6%;127/,28.0%。,57/,12.6%;297,65.6%;99/,21.8%。2。5,3.5,2.53.4,2.4(OxfordBurry-Stock1995)。2;4,,,,,。2 2.071110.35543.647582.416312.08173.768753.532421.19434.447062.923811.69543.500302.766355.326810.961484.2高、低焦虑组在作文成绩上的差异T、,4(3)。·57·                    ForeignLanguageWorldNo.22010(GeneralSerialNo.137)3 、T()、-3.073301.002-.56342.18333、-2.869284.004-.59096.20595、-2.355252.019-.50434.21413、-3.449266.001-.66641.19321、-5.140238.000-1.07422.20901  4.3外语写作焦虑与写作成绩的相关分析,4(4)。4 -.140**-.172**-.127**-.200**-.132**.003.000.007.000.005451451451451451**0.01  4.4被试外语写作能力及总体语言能力的自我评价对写作焦虑的效应,,,。5,、:;,。6、:,。5 (I)(J)95%-8.85429*1.96149.000-13.6715-4.0370-16.49715*2.07499.000-21.5931-11.40128.85429*1.96149.0004.037013.6715-7.64286*1.06895.000-10.2681-5.017616.49715*2.07499.00011.401221.59317.64286*1.06895.0005.017610.2681*0.05·58·20102(137)                              6 (I)(J)95%-5.53907*1.53272.002-9.3033-1.7748-10.08453*1.76232.000-14.4126-5.75645.53907*1.53272.0021.77489.3033-4.54545*1.23007.001-7.5664-1.524510.08453*1.76232.0005.756414.41264.54545*1.23007.0011.52457.5664*0.055.,,———。,,,。,“,”(2004:48)。,。,3:、。,。,;,,,,,,。。2004,,,,。,《》(2007),。,,198720034.57.5(2004),20062008。,,。,,,、,,、(learningbydoing),,(2008),。、4、,。,4,(debilitatinganxiety),;,,。4,,。,,,“——”。“——”,、,·59·                    ForeignLanguageWorldNo.22010(GeneralSerialNo.137),,。(You2004),,(Schweiker-MarraMarra2000;,2000;2008)。(2009),,、、、,,。,。:,;。、、,,A、B、C、D。,,。,。,、、、。、,、,,。、、,,,,,(,2006;,,2005)。“”,、(,,2000;2004;2005)。。;,,。Cheng(1999)MacIntyre、Noels、Clement(1997),。,、、,。,,,,。,。,,。、,,(2004)。,、,,。、/,,,、、。,/,,,、、,。,,,、(2006)。,Khaldieh(2000),。,/,、,,。6.,;4;、;;,,·60·20102(137)                              。,,。(2005:16),“,”。,,,。,,,。[1]AidaY.ExaminationofHorwitz,Horwitz,andCopesconstructofforeignlanguageanxiety:ThecaseofstudentsofJapanese[J].TheModernLanguageJournal,1994,(2):155-168.[2]ChengY.Ameasureofsecondlanguagewritinganxiety:Scaledevelopmentan

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