中国农业废弃物资源化现状与发展战略

21820058TransactionsoftheCSAEVol.21No.8Aug.20051,1,2,1,1(1.,100094;2.,100081):,,,,;,:;;;;:X71:A:100226819(2005)0820169205,,,.[J].,2005,21(8):169-173.SunYongming,LiGuoxue,ZhangFudao,etal.StatusquoanddevelopmentalstrategyofagriculturalresiduesresourcesinChina[J].TransactionsoftheCSAE,2005,21(8):169-173.(inChinesewithEnglishabstract):2004212212:2005205223::(1977-),,,,,100094:,,,,:,100094Email:[e-mail]0(agriculturalresidue),:;;[1],,26.0t,7.0t,1.0t,2.5t,1.5t,()0.5t,0.5t,7t[1,2],,,,,,[3],11.1t,,,,,,[1]:;,,;,,;[1-5]1.23111.5m3,1275.2m3,;,5t,1kg1kWh,5kWh;(N):2264.4t;(P2O5):459.1t;(K2O):2715.7t;,1.92.2t1[1-4,15,18]1.3,(composting)(bio2gas),370(ecologyagriculture),1ö3[5,6],1)(ruralenergy),,,961©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,:;;;;;;;;;;-[1,8-11]1Table1PotentialanalysisoftheagriculturalresiduesinChinaö109tö104t(N)ö104t(P2O5)ö104t(K2O)ö104tö1015kJö109m3ö109t26273991470294110932497.841.127.036386430576511001546.863.481.01748697.33712177.80.402.562501207224923346.710.780.532053455.55007.3111.130.251.5304084.817.3101.822328.930.740.5200156.611.567.96.7102.240.2339.0800292264.4459.12715.72033111.57.02)(),,,:;;;,,;;;;[1-4,12-14]3),,,,:,;;,,,[1,6,13,16],4),,;;;():;;;;;;[1,14,17,21]2,,,,,,,[1,19]2.1,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,[1,18,19]2.2t20030712005©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,21t2.49118t,,,60%13111.5m3,1275.2m3[1,2],,,[1,7]2.3,,(),,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,[1]2.4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[1,7]33.11520,,,,,,,,,(1):,,,;,---();,1Fig.1Overalldevelopmentrouteofagriculturalresidueresources,:,,;,;,1),,,2),,,,,1718:©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,3.2,,:;;;;;;;;;4,GDP,;,,,,,,,,4.1,,,,,,,,,,4.2,,,;,,,,,4.3,,,,,,,,5,,,,,,,[][1],,,.[R].,2004.[2].[J].,2004,20(5):1-5.[3],.[M].:,2000.[4].[J].,2003,(5):8-10.[5],.[J].,2003,14(4):525-529.[6].[M].:,2000.[7]..[J],2002,18(5):1-6.[8],.[M].:,2004.[9].[M].:,2002.[10].[J].,1999,21(3):30-35.[11].21[J].,2001,(4):34-37.[12].[J].,2003,(1):21-23.[13],,.[M].:,2001.[14].[J].,2002,24(1):22-25.[15],,.[J].,2004,22(2):30-33.[16],.[J].,2003,8(6):38-41.[17],.[J].,2002,23(6):37-38.[18].[M].:,2003.[19].21[M].:,2000.2712005©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.StatusquoanddevelopmentalstrategyofagriculturalresiduesresourcesinChinaSunYongming1,LiGuoxue1,ZhangFudao2,ShiChenlu1,SunZhenjun1(1.CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100094,China;2.SoilandFertilizerInstitute,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China)Abstract:Thestatusquoofagriculturalresidueswasanalyzed.Aspollutantshavefourcharacteristicsofhugequantities,badqualities,lowpriceandexcessivedanger.Asresourceshavefourapplicationpractices,namely,biomassenergy,fertilizer,feedandbiomaterial.Theanalysisshowsthatthepotentialasfertilizerandenergyishuge.However,therearesomelimitedfactorsandtechnicalbottleneckinthefuture.Incombinationwithsocioeconomicdevelopmentalobjectives,thedevelopingstrategyandstrategicalemphasesfortheresourcesofagriculturalresidueswerepresented.ThedirectionistodevelopEco2AgricultureandCyc2Economy,whichdependonthepolicyguidance,technicalsupportandinvestmenttopromoteagriculturalresiduesusedasresourceinthefuture.Keywords:agriculturalresidue;resources;biomass;cyc2economy;biomasseconomy3718:©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.