Lions-and-Tigers-and-Bears-部分背景知识

BackgroundinformationofUNIT4Content1•BelvedereCastle2•HenryLuceNatureObservatory3•ShakespeareGarden4•TheRambleBelvedereCastle(眺望台城堡)BelvedereCastleisafolly（装饰性建筑）inCentralParkinManhattan,NewYorkCity.Itcontainsexhibitroomsandanobservationdeck（观测甲板）,andsince1919,thefollyhasalsobeenthelocationoftheofficialCentralParkweatherstation.BelvedereCastlewasdesignedbyFrederickLawOlmstedandCalvertVauxinthelate1800s.Anarchitecturalhybrid（建筑混合）ofGothic（哥特式）andRomanesque（罗马式）styles,Vaux‘sdesigncalledforamoreweightyManhattanschist（片岩）andgranite（花岗岩）structurewithacornertowerwithconicalcap（锥形顶）,withtheexistinglookoutoverparapetwalls（矮护墙）betweenthem.ToreducecostsitwasrevisedinNovember1870,andcompletedunderthenewTammanyHall（坦慕尼协会）regimeasanopenpainted-wood（烤漆的）pavilion.Belvederemeans“beautifulview”or“panoramic（全景的）viewinItalian.Henrylucenatureobservatory（亨利.鲁斯自然观测中心）NamedforphilanthropistHenryLuce(founderofTimeMagazine)theNatureObservatoryishousedinsideoneoftheparksmostbeautifulbuildings,BelvedereCastle.TheCastlealsohousestheCentralParkcenteroftheNationalWeatherBureau.EveryminutethecurrentclimateconditionsaresenttotheweathercenteratBrookhaven,LongIsland.HenrylucenatureobservatoryisawonderfuleducationalsitethatteachesvisitorsaboutnatureandwildlifeinCentralParkinNewYork.Climbingupanddownthenarrow,windingstaircases（螺旋式楼梯）ofBelvedereCastle,guestscanseeallthatthissmallObservatoryhastooffer,includingmicroscopes（显微镜）,telescopes（望远镜）,andDiscoverykits（发现包）completewithbinoculars（双筒望远镜）,maps,andpaperforjottingdown（草草记下）findingsinthepark.ShakespeareGardenShakespearegardens,createdoutofreverenceforthebard,canbefoundthroughoutmanylocationsinboththeUSandBritain.Ofthesegardens,oneofthemostfamousisthatfoundinCentralPark,whereitislocatedontheWestSideoftheparkand79thstreet.WhathadformerlybeenknownastheGardenoftheHeartwas,in1916,renamedtheShakespeareGardentomarkthe300thanniversaryofWilliamShakespeare‘sdeath.FollowinginthetraditionofalreadyestablishedShakespeareGardens,theGardenwasfilledwiththebeautifulplantsandflowersmentionedintheworksoftheplaywright.Thelush（葱翠的）CentralParkwoodland,knownastheRamble,iscomposedof38acresofwindingpathwaysbetween73rdand78thstreets.TheRamble（林中漫步）DescribedbyFrederickLawOlmstedasa“wildgarden”,theRamble‘smaze（迷宫）oftrailsamidstitsabundantflora（植物群）andfauna（动物群）contrastsspectacularlywiththeformalityofnearbyattractions,suchastheBethesdaTerrace（毕士大平台）.TheRambleisoftennotedforitsbirdwatchingopportunities,wherebirdwatcherscancatchaglimpseofsomeoftheapproximately230speciesfoundinthewoods.VisitorscanstoptotakealookattheGill,theman-madestreamthatrunsthroughtheRamble,whereonemightfindasmallanimalsuchasaraccoon（浣熊）havingventuredoutfromtheunderbrush.OVER~THANKYOUUNIT4