化学毒性气体事故泄漏扩散的数值模拟及评价

(,250014)):,,:;;;:X820.4:A:1008-021X(2003)03-0021-03TheAssessmentandNumericalSimulationfortheDischargingDispersionofChemicalToxicGasattheAccidentLIXue-Jun(ShandongChemicalIndustryResearchInstitute,Jinan250014,China)Abstract:Onthebaseofstudyonthemodelsofthedischargingdispersionofchemicaltoxicgasataccident,thedischargingdiffusionprocessofammoniaattheaccidentisassessmentandsimulatedbyusingGaussianplumemodel.Thoseformulasareconvenientinuseandaccurateinresults,soastoprovideandeffetivetoolforchemicalssafetyassessment,andcanbeusedwidelyinenvironmentalriskassessment,thedesignofriskengineering,insuranceofriskduty,environmentalriskmanagementandassessment,andalsoinestablishingemergencyplanandcarryingoutrescuingwork.Keywords:chemicaltoxicgas;accidentaldischarging;model;diffusion,,,,,,,,,,,,11.1,,,,,,,,,:(1)…ute2x(te…u,x)(2)…ute5x,(3)2x…ute5x,,,,,,,12:3:2002-12-30[1],,;,,Crame(1981)[2],,[3],1.2,(/)FEM3(3)[4],(),FEM31.2.1,(…u1m/s),;:(1):C(x,y,z,H)=Q2…uyzexp(-y222y){exp-(z-H)222z+exp-(z+H)22z}(1),C(x,y,z,H)Q(mg/s)H(m)(x,y,z)(mg/m3),…u(m/s);yz(m),x(2):Ci(x,y,z,t-t)=Q(2)3/2xyzexp-(x-…uT)22xexp(-y222y{exp-(z-H)222z+exp-z+H)222z}(2):Ci(x,y,z,t-t)tQt(x,y,z),mg/m3;T(x,y,z),t-t,s;xyz,m,;H,m;…u,m/s,,t(x,y,z),,,EPA,1.2.2FEM3FEM3(3-DFiniteElementModel)1979LNG(),,,,,FEM3:9t(U)9t+U=ý(KmýU)+(-h)g(3)ý(U)=0(4)9T9t+UýT=1CPý(CPKTýT)+CPA-CPNCP(KTýT)ýT(5)99t+Uý=1(Ký)(6)=PMRT=PRTMN+MA(7):U(m/s);ý;(kg/m3);R[kg/(kmolK];P(N/m2);M(kg/kmol);T(K);KT,Km,K,,(m/s);();MN,MA(kg/kmol);g(m/s2);CP,CPN,CPA[J(kgK)-1];h(kg/m3);t(s)FEM3,,,22.1200278020,22SHANDONGCHEMICALINDUSTRY200332,2,,,,,,,,,,,440,2120.1t,13,24,12,38,72.622.22.2.1,2.2.2(1),GB3840-83,:x=y=1X1(8)z=2X2(9):1;2;1;2;X,m(2),2m(3),1.5m/s,(SSW)(4)20.1t2h40min2.32.41.5m/s(D)(EF)11/m50100150200250300400500600800/(mgm-3)8692355919171211844624388266196120/(mgm-3)1324163993861233016321212.8754519382235/m100012001400160020002500300035004000/(mgm-3)826046352617.613.2108/(mgm-3)1611179072493325191533.1[5,6],,22/(mgm-3)305014030min,,,,17535028min,350,553,114min1500350070003.2(1)100m160m(2)100160m160250m(3)160320m250480m(4)320450m480610m(5)4501400m6102000m(6)2000m2600m4,,,,(27)32:3[18,19],5-:,,5-,,,5-,[1][P].EP:514776,1991.[2]WatanabeK,TanakaT,HottaY,etal[J].PlantGrowthRegul,2000,32(1):99103.[3]HondaTH,TomodaY,TanakaT.[P].JP:200100010,2001.[4]TanakaTT,HottaY,TakeuchiY,etal.[J].PlantGrowthRegulAm,1992,19:237242.[5],.[J].,2000,23(3):814.[6][P].JP:07184479,1995.[7]MasudaT,OhtaH,ShioiY,etal.[J].PlantPhysiolBiochem(Paris),1996,34(1):1116.[8][P].US:5242892,1993.[9]BergerY,GrrppiA,SiriO,etal.[J].JMedChem,2000,43(25):47384746.[10]KannagaraC,Gamini.[J].NATOSciSer,1999,64:311315.[11]AyeletN,AbrahamN.[J].Synthesis,1999,4:568570.[12]SuzukiK,SasakiK,MuramotoY.[J].NipponKagakuKaishi,1999,3:199202.[13]Tajima,Kiyohiko.[P].JP:11180937,1999.[14],,.[J].,1987,4:278280.[15]Hyun-JoonHa,Sung-KooLee.[J].SyntheticCommunication,1994,24(18):25572562.[16]Moens,LucACS.[J].SympSer,2001,784:3750.[17]EbataT,KawakamiH.[P].EP:483714,1992.[18]NishiguchiT,BougauchiM.[J].JOrgChem,1990,55:56065609.[19],,.[J].,1995,15:348359.(23)[1]DanielAC,JosephFL.Chemicalprocesssafety-fundamentalswithapplication[M].NewJersey:Prentice-hall,1990.82120.[2],,[J].,1997,(6):2628.[3].[J].,1990,17(4):15.[4],,.[J].,1999,4(2):118122.[5].()[M].:,1976.235.[6][]HB,.()[M].:,1986.136.(30),,,,,,2-2,6-,,,,,,,,,,[1].[J].,2001,(8):12.[2].2,6-[J].,1999,(1):32.[3]MasahiroM,KojiY,JohnM,etal.ProcessforPreparingDialkynaphthalenes[P].EP:1997-12-17.[4],.[J].,1996,27(4):214.[5],.[J].,1998,20(3):189.[6]SITOYKuroda,IWATAM.Duetelectrosynthesis:1,4-Naphthoquinonefromnaphthalene[J].JAPPLEElect,1993,23:677683.[7],.[J].,2000,23(4):9294.72,:5-3