土木工程桥梁专业英语

BRIDGESHistoryofBridgeDevelopment1.ClapperBridge2.RomanArchBridge3.ZhaozhouBridge4.CoveredBridge5.TowerBridge6.BrooklynBridge7.AkashiKaikyōBridgeHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentClapperBridgeprimitiveMaterial：1.Treetrunk2.StoneHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentRomanArchBridge100B.C.RomansArchdesignevenlydistributesstressesNaturalconcretemadefrommudandstrawHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentZhaozhouBridge安济桥600A.D.CHINAChineseoldeststandingstonebridgeLowbridge,shallowarch,allowsboatsandwatertopassthroughHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentCoveredbridge(廊桥)17thEuropetimber-trussbridge•ProtectwoodenstructuralHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentTowerBridgeLondonEnglandbuilt1886–1894combinedbasculeandsuspensiontwobridgetowersHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentBrooklynBridgeCompletedin1883NewYorkCityofUSAhybridcable-stayed/suspensionbridgeUseofsteelinsuspendingcablesHistoryofBridgeDevelopmentAkashiKaikyōBridge1988-1998thelongestcentralspanintheworld(1991m)TypesofBridges1.Beambridge2.ArchBridge3.Moveablebridge4.Cable-StayedBridge5.SuspensionBridgeBeambridge•abridgethatutilizesgirdersasthemeansofsupportingthedeck•themostcommonlybuiltandutilizedbridge•themostsimplifiedform•NomomentsaretransferredthroughoutthesupportArchBridgeOneormorearchesMasonry,reinforcedconcreteorsteeldeckarchbridge(上承式拱桥)througharchbridge(下承式拱桥)SpanscanbelongerthanbeamortrussArchBridge•WorkflowontheRomanBridge:thefalsework(脚手架)wasmovedtoanotheropeningassoonasthelowerarchribhadbeencompletedMoveablebridge•Beamismoveable•Advantage：lowercost•Disadvantage：trafficmustbehaltedwhenitisopenedMoveablebridge•AllkindsofmoveablebridgesCable-StayedBridge•oneormoretowers•cablessupportthebridgedeck•twomajorclassesofcable-stayedbridges:harpandfan.•optimalforspanslongerthancantileverbridges,andshorterthansuspensionbridges.Cable-StayedBridge•TheRusskyBridge,theworld'slongestcable-stayedbridge•ThebridgewascompletedinJuly2012,Russia•witha1104mlongcentralspanCable-StayedBridge•OctávioFriasdeOliveira(圣保罗奥利韦尔)Bridge•SãoPaulo,Brazil,openedinMay2008•twocurvedtrackssupportedbyasingleconcretemastSuspensionBridge•span600to1200m--wayfartherthananyothertypeofbridge•Mostsuspensionbridgeshaveatrusssystembeneaththeroadwaytoresistbendingandtwisting.SuspensionBridge•stressdistributionCollapseofTacoma-NarrowsBridge•ItopenedtotrafficonJuly1,1940,anddramaticallycollapsedonNovember7ofthesameyear•Bridgeroadwaytwistedandvibratedviolentlyunder40-mile-per-hour(64km/h)windsonthedayofthecollapseBridgeAppreciationRuck-A-ChuckyBridgeDesigner:T.Y.LinTheMillauViaductisacable-stayedbridgethatspansthevalleyoftheRiverTarnnearMillauinsouthernFrance.itisthetallestbridgeintheworldThankyou