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英语课程标准要求初中掌握的语法项目及词汇语法项目表1．名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专有名词（4）名词所有格2．代词（1）人称代词（2）物主代词（3）反身代词（4）指示代词（5）不定代词（6）疑问代词3．数词（1）基数词（2）序数词4．介词和介词短语5．连词6．形容词（比较级和最高级）7．副词（比较级和最高级）8．冠词9．动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词10．时态（1）现在进行时（2）一般现在时（3）一般过去时（4）一般将来时（5）过去进行时（6）现在完成时11．被动语态12．非谓语动词：动词不定式13．构词法（1）合成法（2）派生法（3）转化法（4）缩写和简写14．句子种类（1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式）（2）疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句（3）祈使句（4）感叹句15．句子成分（1）主语（2）谓语（主谓一致）（3）表语（4）宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）（5）定语（6）状语16．简单句的基本句型（1）主语+系动词+表语（2）主语+不及物动词（3）主语+及物动词+宾语（4）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（5）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（6）therebe句型17．并列复合句18．主从复合句（1）宾语从句（2）状语从句（3）定语从句词汇表说明：1．本表共收约1600个单词。2．本词汇表不列词组和短语。3．本词汇表不列语法术语。4．部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等不单列。Aa(an)art.abilitynableaaboutprep&ad.aboveprepabroada&adabsentaaccentnacceptvaccidentnachenachievevacrossprepactn&vactionnactiveaactivitynaddvaddressnadvantagenadvertisementnadvicenadvisevaffordvafraidaafterad,prep&conjafternoonnagainadagainstprepagenagoadagreevagreementnairnairlineairplanenairportnaliveaalla&pronallowvalmostadaloneaalongad&prepaloudadalreadyadalsoadalthoughconjalwaysadAmericanAmericana&namongprepancientaandconjangryaanimalnanothera&pronanswern&vantnanypron&aanybodypronanyonepronanythingpronanywayadanywhereadappearvapplenAprilnareaarmnarmynaroundprep&adarrivevartnarticlenasad,conj&prepAsianAsiana&naskvasleepaatprepAtlanticn&aattentionnAugustnauntnAustralianAustraliana&nautumnnavailableaavoidnawakevawayadBbabynbackad&nbackgroundnbad(worse,worst)abagnballnballoonnbamboonbanananbanknbaseballnbasicabasketnbasketballnbathroomnbe(is,am,are,was,were,being,been)auxvbeachnbearnbeatv&nbeautifulabecauseconjbecome(became,become)vbednbedroomnbeenbeefnbeforeprep,ad&conjbegin(began,begun)vbehaviournbehindprepbelievevbellnbelowprepbesideprepbesidesprep&adbetweenprepbeyondprepbigabike=bicyclenbillnbirdnbirthnbirthdaynbiscuitnbitnbitterablacka&nblackboardnblindabloodnblow(blew,blown)vbluen&aboardnboatnbodynbooknboringabornaborrowvbossnbothpron&abottlenbottomnbowlnboxnboynbrainnbraveabreadnbreak(broke,broken)v&nbreakfastnbreathnbreathevbridgenbrightabring(brought,brought)vbrothernbrownn&abrushv&nbuild(built,built)vbuildingnburn(-ed,ed/burnt,burnt)vbusnbusinessnbusyabutconjbutternbutterflynbuy(bought,bought)vbyprepbyeinterjCcabbagencakencallv&ncamelncamerancampn&vcanmodalvCanadancancelvcandlencancerncandyncapncapitalncaptainncarncardncarev&ncarefulacarelessacarryvcatncatch(caught,caught)vcausen&vCDnCD-ROMn.ceilingncelebratevcentncentrencenturyncertainachairnchairman/womannchalknchancenchangevchantn&vcheapacheatvcheckn&vcheern&vcheesenchemistrynchessnchestnchickennchild(pl.children)nChinanChinesea&nchocolatenchoicenchoose(chose,chosen)vchopsticksnChristmasnchurchncinemancirclen&vcitynclapv&nclassnclassmatenclassroomncleana&vclearacleveraclimbvclocknclonevclosev&aclothesncloudncloudyaclubncoachncoalncoastncoatncoffeencoinncokencolda&ncollectvcollegencolour(Amcolor)n&vcome(came,come)vcomfortableacommonacommunicatevcommunicationncompanyncomparevcompetitionncompletea&vcompositionncomputernconcertnconditionnconferencenconnectvconsidervcontinuevcontrolvconversationncookv&ncookerncoolacopyn&vcornerncorrectv&acostv&ncottonn&acoughn&vcouldmodalvcountvcountryncountrysidencouplencouragencoursencousinncovern&vcowncrayonncrazyacreatevcrossv&ncruelacryn&vculturencupncut(cut,cut)v&nDdad(daddy)ndailya,ad&ndancev&ndangerndangerousadarev&auxvdarka&ndatendaughterndayndeadadeafadealvdearadeathnDecemberndecidevdecisionndeepa&addegreendeliciousadentistndependvdescribevdeskndevelopvdevelopmentndialogue(Amdialog)ndiaryndictionaryndievdifferencendifferentadifficultadifficultyndig(dug,dug)vdinnerndirecta&vdirectionndirectorndirtyadiscovervdiscoveryndiscussvdiscussionndiseasendishndismissvdisturbvdividevdo(did,done)vdoctorndogndollndollarndoorndoublea&ndoubtn&vdownad&prepdownstairsaddozenndraw(drew,drawn)vdrawerndream(-ed,-ed/dreamt,dreamt)v&ndressn&vdrink(drank,drunk)v&ndrive(drove,driven)vdriverndropn&vdrugndrumndryv&aduckndumplingnduringprepdutynDVDnEeacha&pronearnearlya&adearthneastn,a&adeasyaeat(ate,eaten)vedgeneducationneffortneggneightnumeighteennumeighthnumeightynumeithera,conj&adelderaelectricaelephantnelevennumelseae-mailn&vemptyaencouragevendn&venemynenergynengineernEnglandnEnglishn&aenjoyvenougha&adentervenvironmentnerasernespeciallyadEuropenEuropeana&nevenadeveningneveradeveryaeverybodyproneverydayaeveryoneproneverythingproneverywhereadexam=examinationnexaminevexamplenexcellentaexceptprepexcitevexcusen&vexercisev&nexpectvexpensiveaexperiencenexperimentnexplainvexpressveyenFfacen&vfactnfactorynfailvfairafall(fell,fallen)vfamilynfamousafannfantasticafar(farther,farthest/further,furthest)a&adfarmnfarmernfasta&adfatafathernfavourite(Amfavorite)a&nfearnFebruarynfeed(fed,fed)vfeel(felt,felt)vfeelingnfestivalnfetchvfevernfewpron&afieldnfifthnumfiftynumfight(fought,fought)v&nfillvfilmnfinalafind(found,found)vfineafingernfinishvfirenfirstnum,a&adfishnfishermannfita&vfivenumfixvflagnflatnfloornflowernflunfly1(flew,flown)vfly2nfollowvfoodnfoot(pl.feet)nfootballnforprepforcevforeignaforeignernforestnfor