写作2—Sentence-structures

SentencestructuresofSET董亚茹李玉寒刘书婷汪胡芳刘琼云李进Content•1.Introduction•2.Syntacticfeatures•3.SyntacticstructuresIntroductionEST:Englishforscienceandtechnology(EST)isabranchofEnglishforspecialpurposes,itisakindofstylethatthescientificworkersformedgraduallyintheprocessoftransferofscienceandtechnologyinformationinEnglish.IntroductionGeneralfeaturesofEST1Impersonal2Formalinmodeofspeech3ObjectiveandAccurateinStatement4StandardinLanguage5Unadornedinstylistics6StrictinLogic7ConcentratedinTechnicalTermsIntroductionThesentencestructuremustbeplainnessandpreciseness,andinsistonthethreecriteria.•Precision•clarity•brevity‘Thesethreecriteriaarehighlydesirableinscientificwritingbuttheyshouldalwaysbeconsideredinthatorder.’DavidLindsay,AGuidetoScientificWriting,p.38Syntacticfeatures1.Passivevoice2.Thenon-finiteverbs3.Adjectivephrasesforpostpositiveattributive4.ThewidespreadapplicationofsubjunctiveSyntacticfeatures-PassivevoicePassivevoiceThepassivevoiceisdefinedintermsofmorphorlogy,syntax,andsemantics.1.Don’thavetocareaboutthepersonwhodidthoseactions/experiments.2.MakeESTworkmoreimpartial.3.Makesentencesbecomeclearandcorrect.Syntacticfeatures-Passivevoicee.g.1Theexcipientcitricacid(CA)hasbeenreportedtoimproveoralabsorptionofpeptidesbydifferentmechanisms.Thebalancebetweenitsrelatedpropertiesofcalciumchelationandpermeationenhancementcomparedtoaproteolysisinhibitionwasexamined.ApredictivemodelofCA’scalciumchelationactivitywasdevelopedandverifiedexperimentallyusinganion-selectiveelectrode.TheeffectsofCA,itssalt(citrate,Cit)andtheestablishedpermeationenhancer,lauroylcarnitinechloride(LCC)werecomparedbymeasuringtransepithelialelectricalresistance(TEER)andpermeabilityofinsulinandFD4acrossCaco-2monolayersandratsmallintestinalmucosamountedinUssingchambers.Theroleofcitricacidinoralpeptideandproteinformulations:Relationshipbetweencalciumchelationandproteolysisinhibition（Volume86,Issue3,April2014,Pages544–551）Syntacticfeatures-Passivevoicee.g.2Theselectionofoilphasewasbasedonsolubilityoftalinololindifferentoils.Thesolubilityoftalinololwasdeterminedinvariousoilsbyanisothermalshakingmethodasreportedinliterature.Theexcessamountoftalinololwasaddedin2mlofeachselectedoilorcombinationofoils(reversemicelles)in5-mlcapacityvials.Thesemixtureswerevortexedfor10minandtransferredtoanisothermalwatershakerbath(Julabo,MA)maintainedat37±0.5Cat100rpmfortheperiodof72htoreachequilibrium.After72h,eachmixturewasremovedfromshakerandallowedtosettledrugparticlesfor2hatthebottomofvials.Eachsamplewasthencentrifugedat5000rpmfor20min,filtered,dilutedsuitablywithmethanolandsubjectedforanalysisoftalinololcontentspectrophotometricallyat242nm.Surface-adsorbedreversemicelle-loadedsolidself-nanoemulsifyingdrugdeliverysystemoftalinolol(014InformaHealthcareUSA,Inc.DOI:10.3109/10837450.2014.971379)Syntacticfeatures-Thenon-finiteverbsThenon-finiteverbsAnon-finiteverb(alsoknownasaverbal)isthetermusedtodescribeaverbthatisnotshowingtense.1.Theadvantagesofusingnon-finiteverbs2.narrateobjectsrelation,objectsstateandtheconditionchangerigourouslyandaccurately3.strictlyexplainandlimitwhileconductingsentencemodification.limitandmodifydefinitionsandobjectsincompleteway。Syntacticfeatures-Thenon-finiteverbsTherearefourtypesofnon-finiteverbsinEST1.Infinitives2.Gerunds3.Participles4.CompoundSyntacticfeatures-Thenon-finiteverbsInfiniteverbse.g.Theabilitytodisplaybehavioralflexibilitydependsonaninternalrepresentationoftheenvironment—aframeworkofbeliefsthatcanbeadjustedonthebasisofexperience（PlantAnti-InsectArmaments-sciencevol338-5/10/12）Syntacticfeatures-Thenon-finiteverbsGerundse.g.Washingswithdistilledwaterwerecontinuedtillzeroabsorbancerecordedforcoffeehusk.Surface-adsorbedreversemicelle-loadedsolidself-nanoemulsifyingdrugdeliverysystemoftalinolol(014InformaHealthcareUSA,Inc.DOI:10.3109/10837450.2014.971379)Syntacticfeatures-Thenon-finiteverbsParticiplese.g.Therefore,inpresentstudyacid-treatedcoffeehuskwasselectedasanefficientbiosorbentforsolidificationofliquidSNEDDSintosolidSNEDDS.Surface-adsorbedreversemicelle-loadedsolidself-nanoemulsifyingdrugdeliverysystemoftalinolol(014InformaHealthcareUSA,Inc.DOI:10.3109/10837450.2014.971379)Syntacticfeatures-Thenon-finiteverbsCompounde.g.4.Allthedropletswerefoundtobedistributedwithsubmicronrangee.g.5.SNEDDS(self-nanoemulsifyingdrugdeliverysystem)werepreparedusingaqueousphasetitrationmethodSurface-adsorbedreversemicelle-loadedsolidself-nanoemulsifyingdrugdeliverysystemoftalinolol(014InformaHealthcareUSA,Inc.DOI:10.3109/10837450.2014.971379)Syntacticfeatures-AdjectivephrasesforpostpositiveattributiveAdjectivephrasesforpostpositiveattributiveItcanbethoughtastheomittedformofattributivetomodifythewordsandsentencestructure.Inordertomodifythewordsandsentencestructure，weusuallytakeadj.aspostpositiveattributiveratherthanclasueSyntacticfeatures-Adjectivephrasesforpostpositiveattributivee.g.1Micewithaknock-inofahumanloss-of-functionBDNFgenevariant(Val66Met)alsoshowreduceddendritelengthanddecreasedspine-synapsedensity,maturity,andfunctioninthehippocampusand/orthePF