经典直接引语变间接引语课件

学习目标1.了解基本句式：陈述句，疑问句（一般，特殊，选择，反意）,祈使句和感叹句2.记住概念直接引语-----直接引用说话人原来的语句，在书写时用引号。间接引语----用自己的话来转述别人的话。3.理解连接词的选择，语序的调整，时态的改变，指称的改变，并做相关练习直接引语改变为间接引语：1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时注意：①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。②人称作相应变化；③主句里的动词如果是过去时,在间接引语中作相应改变：如：Hesays,IamfromtheUSA.”→HesaysthatheisfromtheUSA.MrSmithsaidtohisgirlfriend,“Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.”→MrSmithsaidtohisgirlfriendthathehadnotseenherforalongtime.直接引语改变为间接引语2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。LilysaidtoMissGreen,IsitmadeinChina?”→LilyaskedMissGreenifitwasmadeinChina.3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是：连词+主语+谓语。Lucysaidtome,“HowcanIhelp?”→Lucyaskedmehowshecouldhelp.4、直接引语如是祈使句,变间接引语时,须变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用tell,ask,order.Hesaidtotheboy,“Comehere,youngman!”→Heaskedtheboytogothere.讲解注意点直接引语变间接引语要注意以下变化。•连接词•语序•时态•指代(人称、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语)注意连接词的变化1.直接引语为陈述句，用that做连接词。•Hesaid,“Jimlikesitverymuch.”•→Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.2.直接引语为一般疑问句，用if或wether做连接词。Heasks,“IsJimtired？”→HeaskedmeifJimwastired.3.直接引语为特殊疑问句，用特殊疑问句的疑问词做连接词。Theteachersaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”•→TheteacheraskedmewhatIwasdoing.•注意语序变化如果“直接引语”是疑问句时，我们必须要把疑问语序变为陈述语序（主语在谓语前面）。Sheasked：“WheredoesJimgoeverySunday?”→SheaskedwhereJimwenteverySunday.Therobotasked:“Areyouhappy?”→TherobotaskedifIwashappy.Sheasked“WilltheyflytoChina?”→SheaskediftheywouldflytoChina?”时态变化•如果主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态不变。Shesayshermotherwillcometoseeher.若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词相应变化。Shesaidhermotherwouldcometoseeher.1.Hesaystome:“theyareplayingfootball.”→Hesaystomethattheywereplayingfootball2.Hesays:“theyhavefinishedthehomeworkalready”→Hesaidthattheyhadfinishedthehomeworkalready3.Theteacherasks:“Whatdidtheydolastnight?”→Theteacheraskedwhattheyhaddonelastnight由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.2.经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.历史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarⅡendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarⅡendedin1945.4.部分情态动词,如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidtome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.•直接引语→间接引语•一般现在时→一般过去时•现在进行时→过去进行时•现在完成时→过去完成时•一般过去时→过去完成时•过去完成时→过去完成时（不变）•一般将来时→过去将来时•can→could•may→might人称的变化•在这方面英语和汉语有许多相似之处，要根据句义做相应的人称代词的变化。•通常情况下，直接引语中第一人称I/we常变为其他人称（要根据句子的具体含义做变化）。•1.Shesaidtome,“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”•→ShetoldmethatshehadbrokenmyCDplayer.•2.Hesaidtoher,“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”•→HetoldherthathehadbrokenherCDplayer.•指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化•指示代词：this→thatthese→those时间状语：now→thentoday→thatdaythisweek/month/year→thatweek/month/yearYesterday→hedaybeforethedaybeforeyesterday→twodaysbeforelastweek/month/year→theweek/month/yearbeforethreedays(ayear)ago→threedays(ayear)beforetomorrow→thenext/followingdaythedayaftertomorrow→twodayslaternextweek/month/year→thenext(following)week/month/year地点状语:here→there动词:come→go祈使句变间接引语•若直接引语是祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，运用短语tell/ask/ordersb.todosth.。•如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式前面加not。•1.“Makesurethedoorisshut.”•→Hetoldhislittlesontomakesurethedoorwasshut.•2.“Don’tcryanymore.”Hesaidtohislittlesister.•→Heaskedhislittlesisternottocryanymore.MichaelPhelps“Ihavealongbodyandlongarms,agiftandloveforswimming.”Phelpssaidhehadalongbodyandlongarms,andagiftandloveforswimming.“IstartedswimmingatanyoungageinordertotreatmyADHDdisease.”PhelpssaidhehadstartedswimmingatanyoungageinordertotreathisADHDdisease.“Ireceivea5-hourtrainingeveryday.”Phelpssaidhereceiveda5-hourtrainingeveryday.“Ialwaysdesiretobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.”Phelpssaidhealwaysdesiredtobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.“Oneofmyfavoritethingsistocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.”Phelpssaidoneofhisfavoritethingswastocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.“Ihavemanygoals,andallofthemarehigh.”Phelpssaidhehadmanygoals,andallofthemwerehigh.“IwillalwaystrymybesttobePhelpsNo.1.”PhelpssaidhewouldalwaystryhisbesttobePhelpsNo.1.SecretsofPhelps’success?•gift•interest•determination•courage•hardwork•ambition•……做题技巧：①判断句式，选对连接词②去引号，整理成句③根据主句的时态和人称，变语序和时态，变指代•1.Mumsaid,“Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.”→Mumsaidthatshewouldliketohavesomenoodles.2.“WhatcanIdoforyou?”heaskedme.→Heaskedmewhathecoulddoforme.3.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow.”theteachersaidangrily.toher.→Theteacheraskedhernottolookoutofthewindow.陈述•Hesaid,“Doyouoftenhearhimsing?”•→HeIoftenhimsing.•Mothersaidtome,“Canyougoshoppingwithme?”•→MothermeIgoshoppingwith.•Tomasked,“Lucy,didyouhandinyourhomework?”•→TomaskedLucyifhadhandedinhomework.•BillsaidtoBob,“Doyouagreewithme?”•→BillBobagreedwith.一般问句•Hesaid,“Doyouoftenhearhimsing?”•→HeIoftenhimsing.•Mothersaidtome,“Canyougoshoppingwithme?”•→MothermeIgoshoppingwith.•Tomasked,“Lucy,didyouhandinyourhomework?”•→TomaskedLucyifhadhandedinhomework.•BillsaidtoBob,“Doyouagreewithme?”•→BillBobagreedwith.特殊问句•“What’sthematterwithyou?”heaskedme.•→Heaskedmewhatthematterwithme.•Heasked,“Howfarisitfromheretoyourhome?”•→Heaskedhowfarfromheretomyhome.•OurteacheraskedTom,“wheredoyoulive?”•→OurteacheraskedTomwherehe.祈使句•Shesaidtome,“Pleaseh