some-any--many--much--(a)-few--(a)-little

1.some和any的用法：（1）两者修饰可数单数名词，表某一个；任何一个；修饰可数复数名词和不可数名词，表一些；有些。〔2）一般的用法：some用于肯定句；any用于疑问句，否定句或条件句。Iamlookingforsomematches.Doyouhaveanymatches?Idonothaveanymatches.〔3）特殊的用法：(A)在期望对方肯定的回答时，问句也用some。Willyoulendmesomemoney?(=Pleaselendmesomemoney.)(B)any表任何或任何一个时，也可用于肯定句。Comeanydayyoulike.（4）some和any后没有名词时，当做代名词，此外两者也可做副词。Someofthemaremystudents.〔代名词）Isyourmotheranybetter?（副词）2many和much的用法：〔1）many修饰复数可数名词，表许多；much修饰不可数名词，表量或程度。Hehasmanyfriends,butfewtrueones.Therehasn’tbeenmuchgoodweatherrecently.（2）manya:manya和many同义，但语气比较强，并且要与单数名词及单数形动词连用。Manyaprisonerhasbeensetfree.(=Manyprisonershavebeensetfree.)〔3〕asmany和somany均等于thesamenumberof。前有as,like时,只用somany。ThesearenotallthebooksIhave.Theseareasmanymoreupstairs.Theyworkedlikesomanyants.（4）asmuch等于thesameamountof,表同量和同一事情。Heboughttwopoundsofsugarandasmuchtea.〔同量）Iwasnotintheleastsurprised,forIhadfullyexpectedasmuch.〔同一事情）（5）many和much之后不接名词时，作为代名词；另外much也可用副词。Manyofthemwereverytired.Idon’teatmuchforlunch.〔代名词）HeismuchtallerthanI.（副词〕3.(a)few和(a)little的用法：(1)(a)few用在复数可数名词之前，(a)little用在不可数名词之前。Hetookafewbiscuits.(=several)Hetookfewbiscuits(=notmany)Hetookalittlebutter.(=some)Hetooklittlebutter.(=notmuch)(2)few可由bardlyany或almostno所取代，含否定的意味。Thecompositioniswellwritten;ithasfew(=hardlyany)mistakes.Few(=Almostno)mencansolveit.(3)afew相当于some,several,含肯定的意味。Hehasafew(=someorseveral)friends.(4)alittle和little之间的差别，就和afew和few的差别一样，只是(a)little须修饰不可数名词，表量或程度。Hegrowsworse;thereislittlehopeofhisrecovery.Heisnotmuchbetter,butthereisalittlehope.little指很少、几乎没有，表否定含义；alittle指少量、有点儿，表肯定含义。试比较：Thereislittlewaterintheglass.杯子里没有多少水了。Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.杯子里有点儿水。alittle还可修饰动词、形容词或副词。如：Ilikechickenandeggsalittle.我有点喜欢鸡肉和鸡蛋。Iliketosleepalittlelongerinthemorning.我喜欢在早上久睡一会儿。