高斯-克吕格投影和横轴墨卡托-UTM-投影的异同

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-(UTM)(,300222):2,UTM,2。UTM,-UTM。:-;UTM;:P226;P228.4:A:1004-9592(2008)05-0051-03Gauss-KrugerProjectionandUniversalTransverseMercatorProjectionoftheSimilaritiesandDifferencesSunLidong(CCCCFirstHarbourConsultantsCo.,Ltd.,Tianjin300222,China)Abstract:Thetwomainprinciplesandmethodsofprojectionusedintheengineeringsurvey,especiallytherelationshipbetweenUTMprojectioncommonlyusedbymeasurementsinforeigncountriesandthepopularGaus-sianprojectioninChinaandthesimilaritiesanddifferencesofthetwoprojectionsareintroduced.CombiningwiththeapplicationofUTMprojectortothemeasurementofMyanmarProject,theanalysisonpositiveandnegativesolutionoftheformulasofthetwoprojectionaremade.Keywords:Gauss-Krugerprojection;UTMprojection;positiveandnegativesolutionoftheformulasPortEngineeringTechnology2008105183:2008-05-22:(1971-),,。Oct.2008Total183No.5,,,UTM。,,2,。1-[1]-(Gauss-Kruger),“”,、、(CarlFriedrichGauss)1920,(JohannesKruger)1912。,,,,-。-,,。-,,,,。,,(,,),,,。,。,,,。6°3°6°3°。6°0°6°,1,2…60。3°6°,6°,1.5°3°,3°1,2…120。506°-,3°-,3°-。2UTM[1]UTM“(Uni-versalTransverseMercatorProjection)”。,UTM。80°、84°2,2,0.9996。,,UTMk0=0.9996。1938,1945。-,,,,2(,±180km),2;2;2。,,UTM,。UTM-,180°6°,60。3-UTM-UTM,,-“”,,1;UTM“”,80°、84°2,2,0.9996。,,-1,UTM0.9996。,2XUTM=0.9996×X,YUTM=0.9996×Y,。,XUTM,YUTMUTMX,Y;X,YX,Y。,:500000m,Y500000m500000m。,HD6000RTKGPS,,。UTM,0.9996。,,TOPCON,GPS。2FD01,FD02477.754m,GPS477.577m,GPS0.9996,UTM。,,-0°6°,13°;UTM180°6°,1-177°,-1UTM31。,2500km,-,UTM,10000km。,,,,。4-UTM[2]4.1-0,L0,(B,L)→(X,Y),XN=k0{M+NtgBA22+(5-T+9C+4C2)A424→→+(61-58T+T2+270C-330TC)A6720},YE=FE+K0N[A+(1-T+C)A36+(5-18T+T2+14C-58TC)A5120]。T=tg2B;C=e’2cos2B;A=(L-L0)cosB;M=a[1-e24-3e464-5e6256)B-(3e28+3e432+45e61024)sin2B+(15e4256+45e61024)sin4B-35e63072sin6B];20085(1)52··N=a1-e2×sin2B姨=(a2/b)1-e’2×cos2B姨。,:①a;②b;③f(a-b)/a;④e,e=1-(b-a)2姨;⑤e’,e’=(a/b)2-1姨;⑥N,N=(a2/b)1+e’2×cos2Bf姨;⑦R,R=a(1-e2)(1-e’2×sin2B)3/2姨;⑧B,rad;L,rad;⑨XN,m;YE,m。(1)FE=500000m+×1000000m;-k0=1。4.2UTM0,L0,(B,L)→(X,Y),XN=FN+k0→M+NtgB→A22+(5-T+9C+4C2)A424→+(61-58T+T2+600C-330e’2)A6720→,YE=FE+k0N→A+(1-T+C)A36+(5-18T+T2+72C-58e’2)A5120→。(2)FE=500000m;FN=0,FN=10000000m;UTMk0=0.9996,-。4.3-0,L0,(X,Y)→(B,L)B=Bf-NftgBfRf→D22-(5+3Tf+Cf-9TfCf)D424+(61+90Tf+45T2f)D6720→,L=L0+1cosBf→D-(1+2Tf+Cf)D36+(5+28Tf+6Cf+8TfCf+24T2f)D5120→。Nf=(a2/b)1+e’2×cos2Bf姨=a1+e2×sin2Bf姨;Rf=a(1-e2)(1-e2×sin2Bf)3/2;Bf=φ+(3e1/2-27e13/32)sin2φ+(21e12/16-55e14/32)sin4φ+(151e13/96)sin6φ;e1=1-b/a1+b/a;φ=Mfa(1-e2/4-3e4/64-5e6/256);Mf=(XN-FN)/k0;Tf=tg2Bf;Cf=e’2cos2Bf;D=YE-FEk0Nf。(3)-。4.4UTM0,L0,(X,Y)→(B,L),B=Bf-NftgBfRf→D22-(5+3Tf+10Cf-4C2f-9e’2)D424+(61+90Tf+298Cf+45T2f-252e’2-3C2f)D6720→,L=L0+1cosBf→D-(1+2Tf+Cf)D36+(5-2Cf+28Tf-3C2f+8e’2+24T2f)D5120→。(4)Nf,Rf,Bf,e1,φ,Mf,Tf,Cf,D-,-。,,“”,(J.H.Lambert)1772。,。5UTM,,,,。:[1],.[M].:,1996.[2],.[M].:,2005.:-(UTM)20085(2)(3)(4)53··

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