d5mmball×ball00×0dbaellA00×=7.14/20dAeπ=ceckARσσ≤=7.1eAckRcσcσ=10.0Mpa7.8hl∆etl∆tes,utes,lteslahl7.8][ααtgttgel≤∆=[]αtg55tle∆≥2.2let∆≥43.1(7.3)teueseslesettntt,,)1(+−+=uest,lest,estnl∆gl∆=∆()bkFgl∆+∆=∆()g∆——Fbk∆——1%l'alα′)(21'agllt+∆′=∆α7.4t∆bkF∆baeebkeeeFbkllGtFGtrt2=′==∆τ7.5rτeG′eeGG2=′GeGe=1.0MPabkF7.5(7.3)7.3baebkgellGFt27.0−∆≥7.6te510aealtl≤≤al510dtde≤≤dselesuesckpsAttRKtσ)(,,+=7.7st2mmKp1.3uest,lest,sσ0.65θ7-91,cδ2,cδ,beeckeeeckccmcEAtREAtR+=+=)(212,1,,δδδ7.8AeRckteEb2000Mpacmc,1Rckhlac,2la'7.9Ee(MPa)EesEe=5.4GeS2(7.9))(20000baesballtlls+=(7.10)estds40=(7.11)al0bl0d0tesθ)(11,2,ccalδδθ−=7.12(7.8)7.122',1,θδδamccl−=01,≥cδ2',θδabeeckeeeckmclEAtREAtR≥+=7.132',θδamcl〈JTGD62emct07.0,≤δelgeGktAGR∆⋅⋅≥4.1µ7.3.15bkelgeckFtAGR+∆⋅⋅≥4.1µ7.3.16GkRckR0.5l∆;bkF——;gAαµtan⋅⋅≤geGkfAGR7.3.17αµtan⋅⋅≤geCkfAGR7.3.18fµαtanckR7.14.64.7T19.5mL=19.96m4.28=7.875KN/mP=lkqk=178.5kN3.0kN/m2364.7=krR,017.7KN110.70KN=kpR,0=kqR,044.5KN=157.00KN=0.5040.620B=0.1987710kgR,0cqcm,=rcm,7KN/m218cm=18cm=20cm=17cm=19cmalblal0bl090.3297.175.4470.110157,0,0,0,0=+++=+++=kkkrqpgckRRRRRKN:σ21.1019.017.01090.3293=××==−eckARMPa10≈MPa2t∆=367.10g∆0035.0)2.05.19(361021215=+×××=′⋅∆⋅′=∆−ltgαm=0.35cmlaClmlaClllal′lall′+=′7.10∆gl∆=35.022×=∆≥getcm=0.70cmFbk∆19.5mbkFζ′1.07.0mζ1.010%21.33%10)5.1785.19875.7(%10)(=×+×=×+=′kkbkplqFKN90KNbkF′bkF′90KNTT2109109010==′=bkbkFF.0KNte61.018.02.0100.121097.035.027.063=×××××−=−∆≥baebkgellGFtcmeG1.0Mpaetcmltlcmaea6.351851010188.1==≤≤==0.70cm1.8cm1.8cm18cm25cm2cm2.5cm3.0cm3.5cm2cmetetetJTGD62selesuesckPsAttRKtσ)(,,+=2mm1.3cmPK3231917=×=eA25mmuest,lest,sσ0.65340MPa22134065.0=×=sσMPackRst60.01022110323)55(109.3293.1643=×××+×××=−stmm60.0=stmm2mm2mm2.5mm2.5mm5mm8mm11mm5mm4st205325.02=×+×=etmm824=×=Σstmm28820=+=hmm3mc,δbeeckeeeckmcEAtREAtR+=,δ2000MPackReteAbEeE97.8)1917(5.021917)(20000=+×××=+=baesballtllS49.43497.80.14.54.522=××==SGEeeMPamc,δ573.010200019.017.0201090.3291049.43419.017.0201090.3296363,=×××××+×××××=mcδmm00250.01019877.0245.1907.16247331=×××==BglθRadBlqmkc2432=θm0006169.01019877.0245.19875.7504.073=××××=RadBlpmkc1623=θ=001075.01019877.0165.195.178504.072=××××RadBlPmrc24304=θm00022.01019877.0245.1975.000.362.073=×××××=(Rad)(Rad)0044.04321=+++=θθθθθ44.00044.022002=×=′θalmmmc,δJTGD62mc,δ0.07etmmmmtmce573.04.12007.007.0,==×=δmc,δ≤′2θalmc,δet07.0≤41.471573.0=×=GKRµkN82.8205.320.018.0100.14.1..4.13=×××××=∆elgetAGKNGKRµelgetAG∆..4.1()5.0,0,0,0×++=pkqkgkckRRRR()6.2345.05.447.110157=×++=KN38.706.2343.0=×=ckRµKN82.170.9205.320.018.0100.14.14.13=+×××××=+∆bkelgeFtAGKN38.70=ckRµKN1234