常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。一、规则变化:1.一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked,work—worked2.以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved,dance—danced3.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried,study—studied4.以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped,permit—permitted注：A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美)/travelled(英)。B.特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked（交易,在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)C.读音与说明:①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]:believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed③.-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted二、不规则动词(IrregularVerbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法：1.以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beatread—readmust--must2.以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent3.以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt4.以ow/aw结尾的词，把ow/aw变成ew。如：blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grewthrow—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）5.含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smeltsweep—swept6.含有元音字母o/i的词，将o/i变成a。如：come—camebecome—becamesing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank7．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如：bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught8．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote9．动词原形中的e改为o，如：get—got，forget—forgot10．动词原形中的ee改为e，如：feed—fed，meet—met11．动词原形中的eak改为oke，如：break—broke，speak—spoke12．动词原形中的ell改为old，如：sell—sold，tell—told13．动词原形中的an改为oo，如：stand—stood，understand—understood14．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：can—could，shall—should，will—would15．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕16．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have／has—had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表一、AAA型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样（原形→原形→原形）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思readreadread读cutcutcut切，割letletlet让putputput放costcostcost花费，值hithithit撞，击setsetset安排，安置hurthurthurt使…伤痛二、ABA型：动词原形与过去分词一样（原形→过去式→原形）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑三、ABC型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词都不一样1.ow→ew→own原形过去式过去分词汉语意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道flyflewflown飞2.i→a→u原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳ringrangrung打电话3.原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思wearworeworn穿forgetforgotforgotten忘记speakspokespoken说freezefrozefrozen冻choosechosechosen选择4.原形→过去式→原形+(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思eatateeaten吃forbidforbadeforbidden禁止givegavegiven给rideroderidden骑seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写fallfellfallen落下5.无规律原形过去式过去分词汉语意思am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走taketooktaken拿四、ABB型1.原形→ought→ought原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考2.原形→aught→aught原形过去式过去分词汉语意思catchcaughtcaught捉,抓teachtaughttaught教3.变其中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feedfedfed喂meetmetmet遇见getgotgot得到holdheldheld拥有babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢findfoundfound发现4.原形→□lt→□lt原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持leaveleftleft离开sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫5.变其中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard听见makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思sendsentsent送,寄spendspentspent花费dealdealtdealt处理6.辅音字母和元音字母都变原形过去式过去分词汉语意思havehadhad有,吃laylainlain放loselostlost丢失paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站五、AAB型原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beatbeatbeaten打败六、有两种形式原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bearboreborn生borebornehanghangedhanged吊死hunghung挂learnlearnedlearned学learntlearntlieliedlied说谎laylain躺showshowedshowed给…看showedshownspellspelledspelled拼写speltspeltburnburnedburned烧burntburntsmellsmelledsmelled闻smeltsmeltshineshinedshined照耀shoneshonedreamdreameddreamed做梦dreamtdreamtwakewakedwaked醒wokewokenhidehidhid躲藏hidhidden七、情态动词原形过去式过去分词汉语意思cancould∕能maymight∕也许must∕∕必须shallshould∕将要willwould∕会初中英语不规则动词表（二）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思原形过去式过去分词汉语意思am/iswasbeen是laylainlain放arewerebeen是learnlearnedlearned学babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看learnlearntlearnt学bearboreborn生leaveleftleft离开bearboreborne生lendlentlent把…借给beatbeatbeaten打败letletlet让becomebecamebecome成为lieliedlied说谎beginbeganbegun开始lielaylain躺blowblewblown吹loselostlost丢失bringbroughtbrought带来makemademade制造buildbuiltbuilt建造maymight∕也许burnburnedburned烧meanmeantmeant意思burnburntburnt烧meetmetmet遇见buyboughtbought买must∕∕必须cancould∕能paypaidpaid付钱catchcaughtcaught捉,抓putputput放choosechosechosen选择readreadread读comecamecome来rideroderidden骑costcostcost花费，值ringrangrung打电话cutcutcut切，割runranrun跑dealdealtdealt处理saysaidsaid说digdugdug挖seesawseen看见dodiddone做sellsoldsold卖drawdrewdrawn画sendsentsent送,寄dreamdreameddreamed做梦setsetset安排，安置dreamdreamtdreamt做梦shallshould∕将要drinkdrankdrunk喝shineshinedshined照耀drivedrovedriven驾驶shineshoneshone照耀eatateeaten吃showshowedshowed给…看fallfellfallen落下showshowedshown给…看feedfedfed喂singsangsung唱feelfeltfelt感到sitsatsat坐fightfoughtfought打架sleepsleptslept睡findfoundfound发现smellsmelledsmelled闻flyflewflown飞smellsmeltsmelt闻forbidforbadeforbidden禁止speakspokespoken说forgetforgotforgotten忘记spellspelledspelled拼写freezefrozefrozen冻spellspeltspelt拼写getgotgot得到spendspentsp