涂装常见缺陷分析

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涂装常见缺陷分析G3MODULENAMEMODULENUMBER5/28/20202漆膜缺陷原因分类:涂料问题(Productproblems)应用不良(Applicationproblems)设备因素(Equipmentproblems)环境因素(EnvironmentCause)颜色问题(Colourproblems)5/28/20203漆膜硬度不够(weak):描述(DESCRIPTION)表现为漆膜软,很容易被划伤;相应的耐溶剂性能表现差。5/28/20204原因(cause):通常是漆膜树酯交链不够好,而交链不够的主要因素有:1树酯分子选择不合适;2未完全干燥;3高温漆或双组份漆烘烤温度不够;4双组份漆固化剂配比不对。5/28/20205起泡(blowing):5/28/20206起泡的原因(cause):通常是基底有锈迹(擴大)、污垢、小凹孔、磷化渣质、水汽等被封在漆膜底下,漆膜在烤干或受热(受熱膨脹)时,这些物质彭涨将漆膜顶起造成。5/28/20207起泡的原因:底下有Money!5/28/20208溶剂泡(SolventPopping)描述(DESCRIPTION)新喷漆膜表面有直径小于1MM的小气泡。Opentoppedblistersupto1mmindiameteronthesurfaceofthemostrecentlyappliedpaintfilm.5/28/20209溶剂泡(SolventPopping)起因(CAUSE)Airorsolventvapourtrappedbyfastdryingpaintformingaskin.Thismaybedueto:a)天那水太差或太快干。poorqualityortoofastthinner.b)喷得太厚或两层漆之间干燥时间不够。excessivefilmthickness,orinsufficientdryingtimebetweencoats.c)压缩空气压力太低。compressedairpressuretoolow.d)加热太快。dryingtemperaturetoohigh,heatsourcetooclosetothefilm,toohot,orappliedtoosoon.5/28/202010溶剂泡(SolventPopping)预防(PREVENTION)a)确保工件表面清洁Ensurethatthesurfaceisscrupulouslyclean.b)使用合适的天那水。Useonlyrecommendedthinner.c)每层漆膜厚度合适,并适当闪干Applypaintinthin,wetfilms.Allowsufficientdryingtimebetweencoats.d)使用正确的喷漆压力Usecorrectcompressedairpressure.e)烘烤前适当流平,避免加热过快,热源过近。Allowsufficientflashofftimebeforeforcedrying,ensurethatthecorrectdryingtemperatureisnotexceeded.Donotallowtheheatsourcetobeplacedtooclosetothesurface.5/28/202011针孔(Pinholing)描述(DESCRIPTION)小凹穴,通常直径小于1MM。Smallcavities,generallylessthan1mmindiameter,5/28/202012针孔(Pinholing)预防(PREVENTION)a)一次不要喷得太厚。Donotspraytoothickonetime,b)烘烤之前适当流平。Flashingthefilmbeforebaking.c)使用涂料厂商推荐的附料。Useonlyrecommendedmaterials.d)正确调配油漆,使用较慢干稀释剂。Mixthepaintcorrectly,useslowdrythinner.E)保持底材干净。)Keepmaterialsclean.5/28/202013鱼眼/FishEyes(cissing)好可爱噢,真的象鱼眼睛呢!5/28/202014产生鱼眼的原因(cause):放大之后中间有核,通常是*素材被含硅silicon类的物质污染。*素材未很好清洁。*裸手接触工件。*油漆一次喷涂太湿。*油漆体质敏感。5/28/202015预防(PREVENTION)鱼眼的产生a)Keepthepartawayfromsiliconepollutionb)Thoroughlycleanthesurfacewithwaxandgreaseremover.Donotallowcleaningsolventstodryonthesurfacebutremovewithacleandrycloth,c)Alwaysusetherecommendedmaterials.d)Ensurethatthesprayingareaisproperlyventilated.5/28/202016与鱼眼相似的其它缺陷1.水泡(blister)工件表面被溅上水珠。你见过水性漆出现此缺陷吗?5/28/202017与鱼眼相似的其它缺陷2.油污(oilpollution)工件表面被轻质油污染.5/28/202018起云/斑纹,(Clouding/Mottling)5/28/202019起云/斑纹,(Clouding/Mottling)起因:常见于银粉漆,主要是银粉排列不一致。主要原因有:1十字交叉喷涂;2使用太差的稀释剂;或稀释剂加入太少。3枪未调好;4喷涂手法不正确。5素材厚薄不一(这种情况常叫应力纹)。5/28/202020应力纹(mapping):在5220机壳上常出现应力纹的地方5/28/202021脏点/尘点/异色点(Dirt/threads/Bits)5/28/202022脏点/纤维/异色点(Dirt/threads/Bits)5/28/202023脏点/纤维/异色点(Dirt/threads/Bits)此类缺陷目前占有相当大的比例,您知道其主要原因是什么吗?5/28/202024颗粒(particles)产生原因素材本身灰尘未被去除;油漆未过滤,或滤网太粗或太脏;喷房、流平间、烤房等环境被污染;调漆间脏污,油漆未盖好;调漆罐、供漆管路、喷枪清洗不够。压缩空气未过滤,或滤网太脏。5/28/202025纤维或毛丝:主要来自衣服纤维,人员走动太多,未穿防尘衣。也有来自劣质空气过滤网。5/28/202026当这类缺陷很多时,怎么办??WhatcanIdo??5/28/202027建议当这类缺陷很多时,建议将缺陷样品抽取30-50片进行详细分类(有必要的话,使用放大镜观察缺陷形状、颜色等),然后分析原因改善检察改善效果制定SOP贯彻执行SOP。5/28/202028干喷/异常光泽低(Dryspray/lossofgloss)描述(DESCRIPTION)虽然漆膜表面光滑,但漆膜表面光泽异常偏低.Althoughapparentlysmoothandevenlyapplied,thesurfacelacksshine.5/28/202029起因(CAUSE)Microscopicroughnessofthesurfacewhichmayresultfrom:a)底漆太差或底漆未干就喷面漆.poorholdoutofprimer,ortheapplicationoftopcoatoverprimerwhichisnotthoroughlydry.b)稀释剂太差或加了不合适的添加剂.poorqualityorincorrectthinner,ortheuseofadditivesinthepaint.c)素材前处理不当或喷漆手法不对.incorrectlypreparedorpoorlyappliedpaint.d)素材质量太差applicationoverapoorsubstrate.e)高湿低温时漆膜干燥太慢.excessivelyslowdryingduetohighhumidityorlowtemperature.f)溶剂蒸气在漆膜表面冷凝.solventfumesorexhaustgasesattackingthesurface.g)表面被污染.surfacecontaminationbywax,grease,oil,soaporwater.5/28/202030预防(PREVENTION)a)选择正确种类和比例的稀释剂Usethecorrectproportionofrecommendedthinner.b)正确的喷漆手法:枪距,扇形,气压……Usecorrectsprayingtechniques,ensurethatequipmentisclean,setairpressureaslowaspossible,consistentwithproperatomisation,sprayfromthecorrectdistance.c)使用合适的喷房,确保喷房有良好的空气流通.Useaspraybooth,andensurethataircirculationandextractionisatthecorrectvelocity.5/28/202031漆膜太薄InadequateColourCoverage描述(DESCRIPTION)漆膜过薄可见底材,通常出现在比较难喷涂的底侧面等地方.Underlyingsurfacesvisiblethroughthepaintfilm,mostfrequentlyinhardtosprayareas,onlowerpanelsoronsharpedgesandcontours.5/28/202032预防(PREVENTION)a)使用合适的喷涂方法确保合适的漆膜厚度.Usethecorrectsprayingtechnique,ensureevenandadequatefilmthickness.b)使用合适的治具,合适的灯光照明;特别注意难喷涂表面.Workundergoodlightingconditionsinaproperlysizedspraybooth,payspecialattentiontoinaccessibleareas.c)确保漆料混合均匀.Ensurethatthematerialsarethoroughlymixed.5/28/202033橘皮(OrangePeel)描述(DESCRIPTION)漆膜表面不平整如同桔子皮表面.Pebbled,unevensurfaceofthepaintfilm,similarinappearancetoorangeskin.5/28/202034橘皮(OrangePeel)起因(CAUSE)a)喷漆手法太差,枪距,空气压力、出漆量调节不合适。b)漆膜不要喷得太厚或太薄。c)c)油漆品质太差、粘度调整不合适、混合不均匀。d)两层漆之间干燥不够。Insufficientdryingtimebetweencoats.e)工件表面温度不正常。Incorrectambientorsurfacetemperature,draughts.5/28/202035橘皮(OrangePeel)预防(PREVENTION)a)使用正确的喷漆手法、正确调节喷枪。Usethecorrectsprayingtechniqueandensurethatequipmentiscorrectlyadjustedb)均匀喷漆。c)使用合适的天那水,并调节到合适的粘度。Ensurethatthepaintiscorrectlymixed,useonlyrecommendedthinnerwiththecorrectgraded)两层漆之间充分干燥。Allowsufficientd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