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初中英语语法专题专题一：词汇部分（名词、数词、冠词）A：名词专项可修饰名词的常用词：1）修饰可数名词与不可数名词：some,any,alotof,lotsof,plentyof2）饰可数名词的有：3）只修饰不可数名词的有：much,(a)little,agreatdealof2、难点1）名词所有格的归纳1、astudent'sroom,students'rooms,father'sshoes。2、Children'sDay3、afriendofmyfather's4、atwentyminutes'walk，tenmiles'journey，aboat'slength，twopounds'weight,tendollars'worth。（说明：表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's）5、amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。（说明：无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构）6、LiLeiandWangFei'sbedroom,anhourandahalf'stalk（说明：表示两个名词共有一样东西时，在第二个名词后面加's）7、Jim'sandPeter'sdesks;Joe'sandDavid'sbooks（说明：表示两个名词各有的东西时，在各个名词后都加's。）2）名词词语辨析区别部分名词词语辨析：I.voice,noise,sound,musicII.III.place,floor,room,groundIV.work,job3、易错点1）Helpyourselfto_________.A.somechickensB.achickenC.somechickenD.anychicken答案:C(选择A的同学要注意chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数)2)________itistoday!A.WhatfineweatherB.WhatafineweatherC.HowafineweatherD.Howfineaweather答案:A.(选择B的同学要注意weather不可数.选择C和D的同学要注意weather是名词,要用what来感叹.)3)Whichisthewaytothe__________?A.shoefactoryB.shoesfactoryC.shoe’sfactoryD.shoes’factory答案:A.(选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格,而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如:pencilbox;schoolbag等.)4)Thisclass________now.MissGaoteachesthem.A.arestudyingB.isstudyingC.bestudyingD.studying答案:A.(选择B的同学要注意,当这种概念名词当“人”讲的时候要做复数处理.类似的还有:thepolicearerunningafterthethief等)第二部分：强化练习一、单项选择1、基础题1.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,________ororange?---Orange,please.A.hamburgerB.chipC.cokeD.icecream2．---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?---Certainly.A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters3．The________aregoingtoflytoBeijing.A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans4．What’syour_______forbeinglateagain?A.ideaB.keyC.excuseD.news5．---It’sdangeroushere.We’dbettergooutquickly.---ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst.A.womanandchildrenB.womenandchildC.womanandchildD.womenandchildren6．---YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop.---Thanks.A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESSHOURSC.THISSIDEUPD.NOSMOKING7．Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.Children’sDayB.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDayD.ChildrenDay8．D9．Thereisstillorangehere,butA.little,littleB10．IhaveneverreadanybooksofA.Luxun'sB.MarkTwainC.CharlesDickensD.BillGates1、提高题1．Twelvewerehurt,butnoA.person,lifeB2．OneofthefamilyA3．Therearesomeforeignerstalkingintheroom.Theyaretwo,threeandtwoA4．Thesign“BUSINESSHOURS”canbeseeninaA5．motheD.Peterand6．--ButthereisnotenoughC7．These_________havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor8．YesterdayXiaoMinboughtanewpairof.ItismadeofA.glass;glassB.glasses;glassC.glasses;glassesD.glass;glasses9．--Everymorninghetakesatohisoffice.D.20minutes'10．IwenttotheA.book11．-Doyouthinksellingvegetables-C12．Youshouldtakemore_______.Don’talwayssitatthedeskbusydoingyour_______.A.exercise，exerciseB.exercises，exercisesC.exercises，exerciseD.exercise，exercises13．ShewasborninWuhan，butBeijinghasbecomehersecond_______.A.homeB.familyC.houseD.country14．_____daywe’rehavingtoday!A.WhatafineB.HowfineC.WhatfineaD.Whatfine15．WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim’s______?A.two-monthsholidayB.twomonths’holidaysC.two-monthholidayD.twomonth’sholiday16．一WhereisDavid?一Oh,heisreading___underthetalltreeinthegarden．A．severalpapersB．severalpaperC．apieceofpaperD．apaper17．一TheInternetissoconvenientthatwecangetall________wewanted.—That’sright.Itisveryhelpfulinourlivesnow.A．theinformationB．aninformationC．theinformationsD．information18．---WhataboutMr．Black’sspeech?---Wonderful!Therewere____peoplethere．A.alargenumberofB．muchC.agreatdealofD.lots二、综合填空Yesterdaymymotherwentintoashoptobuysomefruitandv1.Sheputherbasketandherhandbagdownonatableandwenttobuysomeapples.Shewasgoingtopaythemwhenshefoundthehandbagwasgone!Thebasketwasonthetable,butthehandbagwasnot.MymotherwasverysurpriseSuddenlytherewasalotofn2atthedooroftheshop,andtwop3camein.Theywereholdingamanandmym4bag.Oneofthemaskedmymotherhowm5moneyshehad.B：数词专项第一部分：知识点分析一、基数词1）基数词读法：年，月，日，时刻的读法，如2007年六月十三日读作：June(the)thirteenth,twothousandandseven（主要体现在口语考试和听力题目中）2）表示一个具体数字时，hundred,thousand,million,billion一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如：Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.Afterthewar,thousandsofpeoplebecamehomeless.3）在一些表示一排或一组的词组里；如：Theyarrivedintwosandthrees.他们三三两两的到达了。4）表示几十岁，例如：Hediedstillinhisforties．5）表示年代，用in+the+数词复数；二、序数词1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如：Thefirsttruckiscarryingafootbaskets．2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”这样的意思，例如：We'llhavetodoitasecondtime．3)注意较为容易拼写错误的序数词及其缩写形式：one---first,two---second,three---third,five---fifth,eight---eighth,nine---ninth,twelve---twelfth。缩写形式：first→1stsecond→2ndthird→3rdfourth→4thtwenty-second→22nd4)表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。例如：threefourths,onesecond,twofifths2、难点倍数表示法主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+as+adj.+asIhavethreetimesasmanyasyou.我有你三倍那么多。3、易错点1.Wewillhavea_________holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonthB.two-monthC.twomonth’sD.two-months答案:B(选择C的同学要注意应用twomonths’;选择D的同学要注意名词之间有“—“后的组合词当作形容词来用,因此就不用所有格形式了.)2.._______treesarecutdownintheforestseveryyear.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof答案:D.(选择C的同学注意词组记忆的准确性)3.Oursportsmeetingwillbeheld________.A.on24,Tuesday,AprilB