高中英语主动表被动结构汇总1.某些连系动词(如look,sound,smell,feel,taste,prove等)要用主动表被动•Thatdoglooksdangerous.•Yourideasoundsagoodone.•Myadviceprovedtobewrong.e.g.1)Thiskindofbooksellswell.比较:Thiskindofbookhasbeensoldout.2)Hisshirtswasheasily.比较:Hisshirtarewashedbyhiswife.2.动词sell,write,read,open,lock,shut,wash,wear,keep,cook,cut,burn,run等与well,smoothly,easily等连用时,说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”,用主动代替被动。【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t,won’t等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:Thewindowwon’tshut.这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了)•Thewindowwon’tbeshut.这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关)•有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同:•Suddenlythedooropened.突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者)•Thedoorwassuddenlyopened.门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者)3.不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态:comeup,runout(用完),giveout(耗尽),goout(熄灭),comeout(出版),cometolight,belongto,breakout,loseheart,dieout,own,have,possess,happen,occur等。e.g.Theoilisrunningout.Theaccidenthappendbychance.4.当want,require,need作“需要”解,后接doing/tobedone作宾语,此时动词do与主语为动宾关系。e.g.花儿需要浇水了。Theflowerswantwatering.needtobewatered.require5.beworth后接doing作宾语,用主动形式表示被动意义。e.g.这本书很值得一读。Thebookiswellworthreading.6.不定式tolet(出租),toblame(该受责备)表示被动意义。e.g.这栋楼正待出租。Thebuildingistoletnow.7.在“主语+be+形容词(forsb.)+todo”结构中,todo用主动形式。e.g.这道数学题很难解。Themathsproblemisdifficulttoworkout.那种人很难对付。Thatkindofpersonishardtodealwith.8.在“主语+谓语+宾语(名词)+动词不定式todo”句型中,不定式作后置定语修饰前面的名词,且为动宾关系,用主动形式表被动含义。e.g.Ihaveameetingtoattend.恐怕我不能参加今晚的聚会了,因为我还有很多作业要做。I’mafraidIcan’ttakepartinthepartytonight,asIstillhavelotsofhomeworktodo.