海明威小说的悲剧色彩

TheTragicColorofErnestHemingway’sNovels海明威小说的悲剧色彩I摘要欧内斯特海明威是一个出色的作家，而且他有一个悲剧小说家的身份，在他一生近40年的辛勤笔耕中，海明威用一支笔塑造了无数具有独特性格特征的悲剧人物形象。海明威为什么能够创造出如此众多具有独特性格特征的典型人物形象呢？外部和内在的影响都在形成他的悲剧意识和塑造他的悲剧英雄中有着非常重要的意义。其外部因素：经历过两次世界大战，海明威深深地领悟到战争给人们带来了精神上和肉体上的悲剧。在精神上，是亲人分离甚至家破人亡，造成他们精神上的迷惘、空虚和绝望，在肉体上给他们带来病痛。由于家庭以及参与战争的独特经历，海明威发展成为一个敏感而具有浓厚悲剧意识的作家。海明威的作品吸取了古典悲剧里有益的东西，并融入了新的元素，形成了从内容到形式焕然一新的现代悲剧。在这个意义上，他开创了美国的新现代悲剧.关键词：海明威；人生悲剧；硬汉；迷惘一代；悲剧色彩IIAbstractErnestHemingwayisanoutstandingwriter.Nearly40yearsofdedicatedhardinhislife,Hemingwayshapednumeroustragedycharacterswithapen.WhyHemingwaycancreatesomanyuniquecharacters?Theinfluenceoftheexternalandinternalplaysanimportantroleinforminghistragicconsciousnessandshapinghistragichero.Externalfactors:Afterexperiencingtwoworldwars,Hemingwayrealizeddeeplythatthewarbroughtpainforpeopleinmentallyandphysically.Theseparationfromrelativesandbeinghomelessmadethemconfusing,emptinessanddesperate.Theirbodydiseaseswerecausedbywar.Beinginfluencedbyhisfamilyandhispersonalexperiences,especiallyhisexperiencesonthebattlefield,Hemingwayisessentiallyawriterwithasenseoftragicconsciousness.Hemingway’sworksabsorbedsomethinggoodfromtheclassictragediesandputinhisownnewelementstoproduceanewkindofmoderntragedybothfromformtocontent.Inthissense,hecreatedthenewmodernAmericantragedy.KeyWords:Hemingway;thelifeofthetragic;toughguyimage;thelostgeneration;tragiccolorContents摘要...........................................................................................................................IAbstract........................................................................................................................II1.Introduction..............................................................................................................12.BackgroundoftheTragedyColor..........................................................................22.1TheInflunceofSocialBackground..................................................................22.2TheInfluenceofPersonalExperience............................................................43.AnalysisofFamousWorksofTragedyCharacterImage...................................53.1Hemingway’sOwnImageRefraction...............................................................53.2ExplainationoftheLostGeneration.................................................................63.3ExplanationoftheTough-guyImage................................................................63.4AnalysisoftheTragedyWorksofHemingway................................................74.Conclusion..............................................................................................................10Bibliography...............................................................................................................11Acknowledgments......................................................................................................1211.IntroductionTragedyisoftheimportantcharacteristicsofHemingway’snovels.Accordingtohisownexperience,Hemingwayshoweduniqueperspectiveabouttragedy.Inhisseveralofthemostinfluentialwritings,suchasJackinTheSunAlsoRises,AFarewelltoArmsofHenry,intheOldManandtheSeaofSantiago,heshapedthetragicheroofthetoughguyimageandthelostgeneration.The20thcenturyistheageoffullofdeathanxiety:theFirstWorldWarkilledmorethanthreethousandpeople.IntheSecondWorldWar,morethaneightthousandpeoplewerekilled.Undertheinfluenceofthewar,Hemingwayhasformedaspecialviewoftheworld.Heanalyzeddeaththemeandformedhisownideologicalsystem.Atthesametime,Hemingway’sownlifewasatragedy;Hemingwaywasblindinoneeyewhenhewasachild.Becausehetookpartinthewarmanytimes,hislifehadnumerousinjuries.Becauseofhisbackgroundandexperience,tragiccolorcanbefoundeverywhereinhiswritings.HemingwaywasbornonthemorningofJuly211899inOakPark.HebeganhiswritingcareerasareporterfortheKansasCitystarin1917.Hemingwaylatersaid:”thosewerethebestrules,Ieverlearnedforthebusinessofwriting.Ihaveneverforgottenthem”.(DongHengZhuan,1980:221)However,thisjobdidnotlastlong.DuringtheFirstWorldWar,hevolunteeredtojoinintheRedCrossasanambulancedriverbutbadlywoundedwhileservingwiththeinfantry.Hemingwaynotonlywoundedinthebody,butalsogothurtinheartatthesametime.Heleftthreetimesinthemarriage.HeparticipatedintwoWorldWars,buthesufferedpaineachtime.ButHemingwayisnotwillingtosilentlyendurestabbingpain;heexpressedhispaininhisworks.Thushischaracterinfluencedhiscreativewriting,hisworkswasmarkedthestigmaofthetimes.AsthetwentiethcenturyAmericanthemosttalentedwriters,hehaseverusedthepentodescribethehugetragedythatcamefromthetwoworldwars.Forhisworks,wecanfindthethemeofhisworkswithmoreviolence,strife,failure,anddeath.Hisnovelshaveheavytragedy.Manyresearcheshavebeendoneonhisnovels.Onthebasisoftheseresearches,thisthesisisdividedintothreemainchapters.Infirstchapter,thedefinitionofthe2tragiccolorwillbepresented.Inthesecondchapter,thebackgroundoftragedycolorwillbeshowed.Inthethirdchapter,theheroesofthreenovelswillbeanalyzed.Thetragiccolorintheseheroeswillbediscussedfrompointofenvironment,socie