医学微生物英语试题

Part1SingleBestChoiceQuestions(401point=40pts)Instruction:(1)MarktheletterthatcorrespondstotherightanswerintheformattedANSWERSHEETwith2BPENCIL.Sincethemarksarereadbycomputer,answersinthisquestionsheetwillnotbecollected.(2)Foronequestion,onlyoneletterispermittedtobedarkened,otherwise,itwillberecognizeaswrongbythecomputer.(3)DonotforgettomarkyourstudentIDnumberandwriteinyourname.1.BacteriathatlackcellwallsanddonotsynthesizetheprecursorsofpeptidoglycanarecalledA.SpirochetesB.ChlamydiaeC.MycoplasmasD.LformsE.Bacilli2.EachofthefollowingisatypicalpropertyofobligateanaerobeEXCEPTA.TheygenerateenergybyusingthecytochromesystemB.TheygrowbestintheabsenceofairC.TheylacksuperoxidedismutaseD.TheylackcatalaseE.Tetanusiscausedbyatypicalobligateanaerobe3..Whichoneofthefollowingagentslacksnucleicacid?A.BacteriaB.VirusesC.ViroidsD.PrionsE.Protozoa4.Whichoneofthefollowingmostcorrectlydescribesvaccinescontaininglive,attenuated(weaken)pathogens?A.PathogendoesnotmultiplyinhumanhostsB.Theyprovideextended,sometimeslife-longimmunityC.ThereisnopossibilityforreversiontopathogenicformD.Theyprovidelittlecell-mediatedimmunityE.Theyareadministeredbyinjection5.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthekillingofbacteriaiscorrectEXCEPTA.A70%solutionofethanolkillsmoreeffectivelythanabsolute(100%)ethanolB.Anautoclaveusessteamunderpressuretoreachthekillingtemperatureof121oCC.ThepasteurizationofmilkkillspathogensbutallowsmanyorganismsandsporestosurviveD.IodinekillsbycausingtheformationofthyminedimersinthebacterialDNAE.Ultravioletiswidelyusedtodisinfecttheairofaroom6.ApatientpresentswithseverecolitisassociatedwithanovergrowthofClostridiumdifficile(艰难梭菌)inthelowerbowel.ThemostlikelycauseofthisconditionisA.botulinumfoodpoisoningB.astomachulcerC.acompromisedimmunesystemD.abtibiotictherapyE.mechanicalblockageofthelargeintestine7.ThegrowthrateofbacteriaduringtheexponentialphaseofgrowthisA.ZeroB.IncreasingC.ConstantD.DecreasingE.Negative8.AprincipalcriterionforthediagnosisofmeningococcalmeningitisisobservationofbacteriainasampleofA.urineB.spinalfluidC.salivaD.throatswabE.sputum9.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningpeptidoglycaniscorrectEXCEPTA.IthasabackbonecomposedofalternatingunitsofmuramicacidandacetylglucosamineB.Cross-linksbetweenthetetrapeptidesinvolveD-alanineC.Itisthinneringram-positivethaningram-negativecellsD.ItcanbedegradedbylysozymeE.Itcanbedegradedbypenicillin10.EachofthefollowingisatypicalpropertyofobligateanaerobeEXCEPTA.TheygenerateenergybyusingthecytochromesystemB.TheygrowbestintheabsenceofairC.TheylacksuperoxidedismutaseD.TheylackcatalaseE.Tetanusiscausedbyatypicalobligateanaerobe11.TheeffectsofantibodyonbacteriaincludeeachofthefollowingEXCEPTA.Lysisofgram-negativebacteriainconjunctionwithcomplementB.AugmentationofphagocytosisC.IncreaseinthefrequencyoflysogenyD.InhibitionofadherenceofbacteriatomucosalsurfacesE.Neutralizeexotoxins12.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningexotoxinsiscorrectEXCEPTA.ExotoxinsarepolypeptidesB.ExotoxinsaremoreeasilyinactivatedbyheatthanareendotoxinsC.ExotoxinsarelesstoxicthanthesameamountofendotoxinsD.ExotoxinscanbeconvertedtotoxoidsE.Exotoxinsareusuallycomposedoftwosubunitsincludingbindingsubunitandactivesubunit13.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthekillingofbacteriaiscorrectEXCEPTA.A70%solutionofethanolkillsmoreeffectivelythanabsolute(100%)ethanolB.Anautoclaveusessteamunderpressuretoreachthekillingtemperatureof121oCC.ThepasteurizationofmilkkillspathogensbutallowsmanyorganismsandsporestosurviveD.IodinekillsbycausingtheformationofthyminedimersinthebacterialDNAE.Ultravioletiswidelyusedtodisinfecttheairofaroom14.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthenormalfloraiscorrectEXCEPTA.ThenormalfloraofthecolonconsistspredominantlyofanaerobicbacteriaB.ThepresenceofthenormalflorapreventscertainpathogensfromcolonizingtheupperrespiratorytractC.Fungi,eg,yeasts,arenotmembersofthenormalfloraD.OrganismsofthenormalfloraarepermanentresidentsofthebodysurfacesE.Normalfloramayoccasionallycausediseases15.ThegrowthrateofbacteriaduringtheexponentialphaseofgrowthisA.ZeroB.IncreasingC.ConstantD.DecreasingE.Nagtive16.Whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingviruscharacteristrue?A．VirusesreplicatebybinaryfissionB．AllRNAvirusesaresphericalinshapeC．Helicalnucleocapsidsarefoundwithsingle-strandedDNAvirusesD．SomeviruseswithDNAgenomescontainaprimitivenucleus.E．Viralsurfaceproteinsprotecttheviralgenomefromnucleases17.A40-year-oldwomanisdiagnosedwithcervicalcancer.Thiscanceriscommonworldwideandhasasexuallytransmittedviraletiology.Thecausativeagentsofhumancervicalcancerinclude:A.HCVB.HBVC.HIVD.HPV,low-risktypes6and16.E.HPV,high-risktypes16and18.18.WhichoneofthefollowingvirusespossessesanRNAgenomethatisinfectiouswhenpurified?A.InfluenzavirusB.PoliovirusC.PapillomavirusD.MeaslesvirusE.Rotavirus19.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutendocytosisinviralentryistrue:A.hostplasmamembranesurroundswholevirionandformsavesicleB.hostplasmamembranesurroundsonlyviralproteincoatandformsavesicleC.hostplasmamembranesurroundsonlyviralnucleicacidandformsavesi