1虚拟语气英语中的各种语气:1、陈述语气:Ilikeapples我喜欢苹果。Idon'tlikeapples2、疑问语气:What'syourname?Doyoulikeapples?3、祈使语气:Openthedoor4、虚拟语气:IfIwereyou,Iwouldforgiveher如果我是你,我将会原谅她。1、与现在的事实相反:从句用过去式,主句用would/could/might/should/+V原形例如;IfIhadtime,theclassroomwouldbecleaner.如果我有时间,教室将会更加干净。2、与过去的事实相反:主句用would/could/should/might/+havedone,从句过去完成时。例如;IfIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwouldhavepassedthattest.如果当时我完成了我的作业,我就能够通过我的考试了。3、与将来的事实相反:主句用:should/could/would/might/+V原形,从句用shoulddo(可能性最大),过去式(可能性一般)weretodo(可能性最小)Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,Iwouldmakeasnowman如果明天下雪,明天我将堆个雪人Ifitsnowedtomorrow,Iwouldmakeasnowman如果明天下雪,明天我将堆个雪人Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,Iwouldmakeasnowman如果明天下雪,我将对个雪人虚拟语气的倒装形式IfIhadworkedhard,Iwouldhavefinishedit如果当时我努力工作,我就已经完成它了。HadIworkedhard,IwouldhavefinisheditIfitshouldsnowtomorrow,IwouldmakeasnowmanShoulditsnowtomorrow,IwouldmakeasnowmanIfitweretosnowtomorrow,IwouldmakeasnowmanWereittosnowtomorrow,Iwouldmakeasnowman虚拟语气在各类从句中的用法1、IliftedthechairsothatIcouldbeseen我举起椅子就是为了能被看见(状语从句)2状语从句中常见连接词:asif好像,asthough好像,inorderthat为了,forfearthat生怕,Incase万一。2、主语从句:Itis+形容词+that+主语+(should+动词原形),should可以省略Itisveryimportantthatwe(should)studyEnglisheveryday我们每天学习英语是很重要的。3、宾语从句;IwishIwouldvisitthemoon我祝愿自己能有一天拜访月球。宾语从句常见句型:主语+常见动词+that+主语+should+动词原形Isuggestthatyoushoulddoyourhomework我建议你应该做你的作业。4、表语从句;Helookedasifhehadbeenhereformanyyears他看起来好像已经很多年了。5、同位语从句:Imakeaproposalthatweshouldholdameetingnextweek我提议下周召开一次会议虚拟语气常见词汇:demand,require,proposal,advise,order,suggest虚拟语气的其他用法:6、祝愿:Longlivepeace和平万岁7、Itis(high)timethat+主语+should/过去式:该做……的时候了。It'stimethatwehadabreak我们早该休息了。It's(high)timethatweshouldprotectourselves我们是时候保护我们自己了。8、Ifonly引出感叹句,意思是“要是…..多好”,表示说话人的一种愿望。表示现在的情况,应用过去式;表示过去的情况,应用过去完成时态表示将来的情况,用would+动词原形Ifonlyhedidn’tdrivesofast.(现在)LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice.(过去)Ifonlytherainwouldstop!(将来)9、Evenif/eventhough表示一种让步语气,即使...也做不成某事。表示现在的情况,应用过去式表示过去的情况,应用过去完成时态Evenifhewerehere,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.EvenifIhadbeenbusythen,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.练习:1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad33.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotiredA.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridgeA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprisonA.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhimA.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday---Iwouldrathershe____metomorrowthantodayA.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold9.---Wouldyouhavecalledherup?---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomeworkA.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeetA.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin倒装句为了强调或平衡句子结构,英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。1.以here,there,now,then等地点或时间副词开头的句子,谓语动词是be,come,go,remain等,而主语又是名词时,用全部倒装。注意:如果句子的主语是代词时,则不倒装。如:Herecomesthebus!/Hereitcomes!2.有些动词与副词out,in,up,down,away等构成不及物动词短语。为了使句子更生动,常将这些副词提前到句首,这时用全部倒装。注意:句子的主语是代词时,则不倒装。如:Upwenttherocket./Upitwent.3.将表示地点的介词短语放在句首进行强调时,使用全部倒装。谓语动词常为不及物动词。如:Fromthewindowcamethesoundofmusic.44.当句子主语部分较长,谓语部分较短,或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。如:Gonearethedayswhenwehadnothingtoeat.5.if虚拟条件状语从句中,如果将连词if省略,需用部分倒装。如:WereIyou,Iwouldgothere.6.as引导的让步状语从句的倒装有如下几种形式:1)从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词+副词”时,常将此副词提前到从句句首。如:Hardasyoutry,youwillnotbesatisfied.2)从句的谓语部分为“情态动词+不及物动词”时,常将此动词提前到从句句首。如:Waitasyoumay,hewillnotseeyou.3)从句的谓语部分是“系动词+形容词”时,常将此表语形容词提前到从句句首。如:Proudasthenoblesare,theyareafraidtoseeme.4)从句的谓语部分是“系动词+单数名词”时,则常将这个表语提前,但要省略名词前的不定冠词。如:Childasheis,hecantellrightfromwrong.7.具有(半)否定意义的词或短语位于句首时,用部分倒装。如:seldom,rarely,not,never,bynomeans,innotime,hardly...when,nosooner...than,notonly...butalso等。如:Notonlydoeshedowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.HardlydidInoticethesignalwhenIcaughtbypolice.8.“only+状语”位于句首时,用部分倒装。如:OnlythendidIknowtheimportanceofEnglish.9.so...that结构中,有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词,常将so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提前放在句首。如:Sobrightwasthemoonthattheflowersseemasbrightasbyday.10.最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:1)only+状语或状语从句置于句首,被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。Onlyafterhehadspokenouttheworddidherealizehehadmadeabigmistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。2)hardly,innoway,little,scarcely,seldom,never,nomore,nolonger,not,notonly,nosooner,notonly…(butalso),notuntil…等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。HardlydoIknowchemistry.=Ihardlyknowchemistry.1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.5A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized2.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou3.Ifyoudon'tgo,neither____.A.shallIB.