PBN-Manual---ICAO-Doc9613

InternationalCivilAviationOrganizationApprovedbytheSecretaryGeneralandpublishedunderhisauthorityPerformance-basedNavigation(PBN)ManualThirdEdition—2008Doc9613AN/937
InternationalCivilAviationOrganizationApprovedbytheSecretaryGeneralandpublishedunderhisauthorityPerformance-basedNavigation(PBN)ManualThirdEdition—2008Doc9613AN/937PublishedinseparateEnglishandFrencheditionsbytheINTERNATIONALCIVILAVIATIONORGANIZATION999UniversityStreet,Montréal,Quebec,CanadaH3C5H7Fororderinginformationandforacompletelistingofsalesagentsandbooksellers,pleasegototheICAOwebsiteat(PBN)ManualOrderNumber:9613ISBN978-92-9231-198-8©ICAO2008Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromtheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization.(iii)AMENDMENTSAmendmentsareannouncedinthesupplementstotheCatalogueofICAOPublications;theCatalogueanditssupplementsareavailableontheICAOwebsiteat
VOLUMEICONCEPTANDIMPLEMENTATIONGUIDANCEI-(iii)EXECUTIVESUMMARYBackgroundThecontinuinggrowthofaviationincreasesdemandsonairspacecapacitythereforeemphasizingtheneedforoptimumutilizationofavailableairspace.Improvedoperationalefficiencyderivedfromtheapplicationofareanavigation(RNAV)techniqueshasresultedinthedevelopmentofnavigationapplicationsinvariousregionsworldwideandforallphasesofflight.Theseapplicationscouldpotentiallybeexpandedtoprovideguidanceforgroundmovementoperations.Requirementsfornavigationapplicationsonspecificroutesorwithinaspecificairspacemustbedefinedinaclearandconcisemanner.Thisistoensurethattheflightcrewandtheairtrafficcontrollers(ATCs)areawareoftheon-boardRNAVsystemcapabilitiesinordertodetermineiftheperformanceoftheRNAVsystemisappropriateforthespecificairspacerequirements.RNAVsystemsevolvedinamannersimilartoconventionalground-basedroutesandprocedures.AspecificRNAVsystemwasidentifiedanditsperformancewasevaluatedthroughacombinationofanalysisandflighttesting.Fordomesticoperations,theinitialsystemsusedveryhighfrequencyomnidirectionalradiorange(VOR)anddistancemeasuringequipment(DME)forestimatingtheirposition;foroceanicoperations,inertialnavigationsystems(INS)wereemployed.These“new”systemsweredeveloped,evaluatedandcertified.Airspaceandobstacleclearancecriteriaweredevelopedbasedontheperformanceofavailableequipment;andspecificationsforrequirementswerebasedonavailablecapabilities.Insomecases,itwasnecessarytoidentifytheindividualmodelsofequipmentthatcouldbeoperatedwithintheairspaceconcerned.SuchprescriptiverequirementsresultedindelaystotheintroductionofnewRNAVsystemcapabilitiesandhighercostsformaintainingappropriatecertification.Toavoidsuchprescriptivespecificationsofrequirements,thismanualintroducesanalternativemethodfordefiningequipagerequirementsbyspecifyingtheperformancerequirements.Thisistermedperformance-basednavigation(PBN).Performance-basednavigation(PBN)ThePBNconceptspecifiesthataircraftRNAVsystemperformancerequirementsbedefinedintermsoftheaccuracy,integrity,availability,continuityandfunctionality,whichareneededfortheproposedoperationsinthecontextofaparticularairspaceconcept.ThePBNconceptrepresentsashiftfromsensor-basedtoperformance-basednavigation.Performancerequirementsareidentifiedinnavigationspecifications,whichalsoidentifythechoiceofnavigationsensorsandequipmentthatmaybeusedtomeettheperformancerequirements.ThesenavigationspecificationsaredefinedatasufficientlevelofdetailtofacilitateglobalharmonizationbyprovidingspecificimplementationguidanceforStatesandoperators.UnderPBN,genericnavigationrequirementsaredefinedbasedonoperationalrequirements.Operatorsthenevaluateoptionsinrespectofavailabletechnologyandnavigationservices,whichcouldallowtherequirementstobemet.Anoperatortherebyhastheopportunitytoselectamorecost-effectiveoption,ratherthanasolutionbeingimposedaspartoftheoperationalrequirements.Technologycanevolveovertimewithoutrequiringtheoperationitselftobereviewed,aslongastheexpectedperformanceisprovidedbytheRNAVsystem.AspartofthefutureworkofICAO,itisanticipatedthatothermeansformeetingtherequirementsofthenavigationspecificationswillbeevaluatedandmaybeincludedintheapplicablenavigationspecifications,asappropriate.PBNoffersanumberofadvantagesoverthesensor-specificmethodofdevelopingairspaceandobstacleclearancecriteria,i.e.:a)reducestheneedtomaintainsensor-specificroutesandprocedures,andtheirassociatedcosts;Performance-basedNavigation(PBN)ManualI-(iv)VolumeI.ConceptandImplementationGuidanceb)avoidstheneedfordevelopingsensor-specificoperationswitheachnewevolutionofnavigationsystems,whichwouldbecost-prohibitive;c)allowsformoreefficientuseofairspace(routeplacement,fuelefficiencyandnoiseabatement);d)clarifieshowRNAVsystemsareused;ande)facilitatestheoperationalapprovalprocessforoperatorsbyprovidingalimitedsetofnavigationspecificationsintended