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第三部分重难题型精讲题型五补全对话名师点拨一、通读对话，仔细审题将对话从头至尾通读一遍，根据对话语境判断出所谈论的话题、谈话双方的关系、谈话的地点等基本情况，审题的同时回顾该场景下常用的口语表达。解题技巧与训练二、分析对话，试填答案1.看标点，知句型。标点符号一般来说能起到提示和限定的作用，是考生填补答案的重要依据。根据空格所在句子末尾的标点符号，就可以断定其句型。若是句号，此句为陈述句；若是问号，此句为疑问句。2.上下联系，寻找信息的对接点。需填问句时，可根据答语的关键信息推断问句所问内容；填答语时，可根据问句及下文提示信息推断答语所填内容。3.思前想后，要求逻辑上下一致。所补全的对话必须要上下文连贯一致，不能仅看一个问句就做出答案，这样容易犯逻辑错误。若无法直接从问句中找出答案，考生须注意挖空处的下文，答案往往隐含在下文中。4.遵循口语交际的原则。注意对话的表达要符合西方人的风俗习惯。不同的中西文化差异，要靠考生在平时的学习中积累、归纳与总结。5.语言要精炼。考生在填写答案时，语言应简练，切忌冗长。三、掌握疑问句的设问和回答填写句子型补全对话考查疑问句（特殊疑问句和一般疑问句）和陈述句两种形式，且以疑问句为主。因此掌握特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的设问与回答是解决此题型的关键。1.特殊疑问句。此类问句重点区别各特殊疑问词之间的意义差别，做到既能根据答句提问，又能根据问句回答。常见的特殊疑问词有：（1）who询问身份。如：—WhoisMr.Li?—HeistheEnglishteacherofClass3.（2）what询问事物，当答句描述的是某事物或所做的事时，常用what提问。如：—Whatareyoudoingnow？—I’mmakingsomedumplingsforsupper.（2015.71）（3）which对特定范围中的某一个进行提问。如：—Whichsportdoyouprefer,footballorbasketball?—Ilikefootballbetter.Basketballisalittledifficultforme.（4）where用来询问地点。如：—Hello,dad.Ihavecomebackhome.Whereareyou?—I’minthesupermarketnow.What’sup?（5）when用来询问时间。如：—Whenwilltheconcertstart?—Theconcertwillstartat8:00p.m.(2015.74)（6）why用来询问原因。如：—Whydidyougothere?—BecausewearedoinganExperimentalEducationProjectthisyear.（7）how提问方式或情况如何。如：—Howfarisitfromhere?—Oh,it’sabout10kilometersawayfromhere.You’dbettertakeaNo.101bus.ItwilltakeyoutoLinyinHotel.(2017.72)[更多How词组见本书第二部分专题十三]2.一般疑问句。一般疑问句为可以用Yes或No来直接回答的句子。此类问句有三种常见形式：（1）be+主语+其他？如：—Isitfar?—Yes.It’salittlefar.It’saboutfortykilometersaway.(2011.70)（2）情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？如：—Hello!MayIspeaktoDr.Bruce?—Yes,thisisDr.Bruce.Who’sthis,please?(2016.71)(3)助动词+主语+动词原形/过去分词+其他？如：—DoyouknowtheearthquakeinChinanotlongago?—Yes,Ido.（2013.71）四、复读对话，验证答案完成对话后，再将整个对话通读一遍，进行核对、检查，运用所学的语法知识、词汇知识、语感和交际语言习惯进行验证，注重细枝末节，纠正包括大小写、单词拼写、时态、语态及表达方式等在内的各类错误。除上述内容外，想做好此类题还需要注重平时学习中的归纳与总结。常考话题及常见用语梳理一、就餐与点餐（2017年）常用句式Whatwouldyoulike(tohave)?Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?Helpyourselftosomefish.Makeyourselfathome.I'dlikebread.Howaboutyou？客人表示同意时Yes,please.Yes,I’dlikeacupoftea.It’ssodelicious.Thankyou.I’dlikeabowlofbeefnoodles.客人表示拒绝时No,thankyou.Thankyou.I’vehadenough.I’mfull.Thankyou.二、问路/指路（2017年）问路常用语Whichisthewaytothehospital?HowcanIgettothecinema?Excuseme.Whereisthewashingroom?Excuseme.WhichbusgoestotheWorldPark?Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?CouldyoutellmehowIcan/howtogettothemuseum?Isittherightwaytogettothelibrary？指路常用语It’soverthere.Goalong(down)thisstreet.Turnright(left)atthefirst(second)crossing.It’sabouttwentyminutes’walk.It’sabouttwentymilesfromhere.YoucantaketheNo.40busandgetoffatthefourthstop.Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallredbuilding.Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mastrangerhere.三、生病就医（2016年）询问病情What’sup?What’swrong/thematter/thetroublewithyou?Isthereanythingwrongwithyou?Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?Haveyoutakenyourtemperature？陈述病情There’ssomethingwrongwithmyteeth.I’vegotaheadacheandacough.I’mnotfeelingwell.Ihavebeenlikethisfortwodays.医生建议Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.Drinkalotofwaterandhaveagoodrest.Youshouldtakeexerciseoften.It’snothingserious.You’llbebetter/allrightsoon.四、接打电话（2016年）拨电话常用语Could/May/CanIspeaktoJohn,please?Hello,isthatJohnspeaking?ThisisJohn(speaking)．I’dliketospeaktoJohn.Couldyouaskhim/hertocall/ringmeback?I'mcallingtotell/askyoutocomemybirthdayparty.Wouldyoupleasetellhimmytelephonenumber？本人接电话答语Hello!ThisisLucyspeaking.Yes,speakingplease.Who’sthatspeaking?IsthatJohnspeaking?I’llcallyoubacklater/again.非本人接电话答语Holdon(amoment),please.Holdtheline,please.Amoment,please.Sorry!Heisnotinrightnow.CanItake/leaveamessageforyou?Wouldyouliketoleaveamessage?Iwillaskhim/hertocallyouback.Sorry,I'mafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.五、邀请（2015年）常见句型Shallwegoshopping?Wouldyouliketogoforawalk?Whataboutgoingswimming?MayIinviteyoutohavedinner?Let'sgoforawalk.接受邀请Yes,I’dlike/loveto.Yes,I’llbegladto.Yes,it’s/that’sverykindofyou.Withpleasure.Thatwouldbenice.Yes.Thankyouforinviting/askingme.拒绝邀请No,thankyou.Sorry,I’mafraidIcan’t.It’sveryniceofyou,butmymotherisill.Thankyou,butI’mnotfree.I’dlove/liketo,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.I’dlove/liketo,butI’mafraidIhavenotime.IwishIcould,butIhavetoprepareforanexam.I’msorryIcan’t.Whataboutanothertime？六、假期/周末活动（2014年，2011年，2010年）询问计划打算及其答语Whatareyougoingtodoforyoursummer/winterholiday/aftergraduation?Whatdoyouplantododuringyoursummer/winterholiday?Howwillyouspendyoursummer/winterholiday?Areyouplanningforthesummer/winterholiday?Doyouhaveanyplansforthesummer/winterholiday?Whatdidyoudolastweekend？询问计划打算及其答语IwanttogototheScienceMuseum.Iwill/I’mgoingto/wanttoclimbthemountainswithmyparents.I’mgoingtovisitmygrandparents.(Yes，)IplantostudyinanEnglishclub.Iwentswimmingwithmyfriends./Iwenttothepark.I’venoidea.Canyougivemesomeadvice?/Doyouhaveanyidea？询问地点常用语及其答语Whereareyougoingforyoursummervacation?Whereshallwemeet?Wheredidyoustay?Haveyoudecided/madeupyourmindwheretogo？Iwillstayathome.Atthegateofthemuseum.Wecampedonamountain.询问时间常用语及其答语Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?Howlongwillyoustayhere?Whenwillyoustartyourjourney?Whenshallwemeet？Fortwoweeks.IwillstartthisFridayandbebacknextSaturday.At9o’clock.七、购物（2012年）售货员常用语Can/MayIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?IsthereanythingthatIcandof