中华人民共和国反分裂国家法

中华人民共和国反分裂国家法Anti-SecessionLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina中新社北京三月十四日电二零零五年三月十四日第十届全国人民代表大会第三次会议通过《反分裂国家法》。全文如下：BEIJING，March14（Xinhuanet）——ThefollowingisthefulltextoftheAnti-SecessionLawadoptedattheThirdSessionoftheTenthNationalPeople'sCongresshereMonday：第一条为了反对和遏制“台独”分裂势力分裂国家，促进祖国和平统一，维护台湾海峡地区和平稳定，维护国家主权和领土完整，维护中华民族的根本利益，根据宪法，制定本法。Article1ThisLawisformulated，inaccordancewiththeConstitution，forthepurposeofopposingandcheckingTaiwan'ssecessionfromChinabysecessionistsinthenameof“Taiwanindependence”，promotingpeacefulnationalreunification，maintainingpeaceandstabilityintheTaiwanStraits，preservingChina'ssovereigntyandterritorialintegrity，andsafeguardingthefundamentalinterestsoftheChinesenation.第二条世界上只有一个中国，大陆和台湾同属一个中国，中国的主权和领土完整不容分割。Article2ThereisonlyoneChinaintheworld.BoththemainlandandTaiwanbelongtooneChina.China'ssovereigntyandterritorialintegritybrooknodivision.维护国家主权和领土完整是包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民的共同义务。SafeguardingChina'ssovereigntyandterritorialintegrityisthecommonobligationofallChinesepeople，theTaiwancompatriotsincluded.台湾是中国的一部分。国家绝不允许“台独”分裂势力以任何名义、任何方式把台湾从中国分裂出去。TaiwanispartofChina.Thestateshallneverallowthe“Taiwanindependence”secessionistforcestomakeTaiwansecedefromChinaunderanynameorbyanymeans.第三条台湾问题是中国内战的遗留问题。Article3TheTaiwanquestionisonethatisleftoverfromChina'scivilwarofthelate1940s.解决台湾问题，实现祖国统一，是中国的内部事务，不受任何外国势力的干涉。SolvingtheTaiwanquestionandachievingnationalreunificationisChina'sinternalaffair，whichsubjectstonointerferencebyanyoutsideforces.第四条完成统一祖国的大业是包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民的神圣职责。Article4AccomplishingthegreattaskofreunifyingthemotherlandisthesacreddutyofallChinesepeople，theTaiwancompatriotsincluded.第五条坚持一个中国原则，是实现祖国和平统一的基础。Article5UpholdingtheprincipleofoneChinaisthebasisofpeacefulreunificationofthecountry.以和平方式实现祖国统一，最符合台湾海峡两岸同胞的根本利益。ToreunifythecountrythroughpeacefulmeansbestservesthefundamentalinterestsofthecompatriotsonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraits.国家以最大的诚意，尽最大的努力，实现和平统一。Thestateshalldoitsutmostwithmaximumsinceritytoachieveapeacefulreunification.国家和平统一后，台湾可以实行不同于大陆的制度，高度自治。Afterthecountryisreunifiedpeacefully，Taiwanmaypracticesystemsdifferentfromthoseonthemainlandandenjoyahighdegreeofautonomy.第六条国家采取下列措施，维护台湾海峡地区和平稳定，发展两岸关系：Article6ThestateshalltakethefollowingmeasurestomaintainpeaceandstabilityintheTaiwanStraitsandpromotecross-Straitsrelations：（一）鼓励和推动两岸人员往来，增进了解，增强互信；（1）toencourageandfacilitatepersonnelexchangesacrosstheStraitsforgreatermutualunderstandingandmutualtrust；（二）鼓励和推动两岸经济交流与合作，直接通邮通航通商，密切两岸经济关系，互利互惠；（2）toencourageandfacilitateeconomicexchangesandcooperation，realizedirectlinksoftrade，mailandairandshippingservices，andbringaboutclosereconomictiesbetweenthetwosidesoftheStraitstotheirmutualbenefit；（三）鼓励和推动两岸教育、科技、文化、卫生、体育交流，共同弘扬中华文化的优秀传统；（3）toencourageandfacilitatecross-Straitsexchangesineducation，science，technology，culture，healthandsports，andworktogethertocarryforwardtheproudChineseculturaltraditions；（四）鼓励和推动两岸共同打击犯罪；（4）toencourageandfacilitatecross-Straitscooperationincombatingcrimes；and（五）鼓励和推动有利于维护台湾海峡地区和平稳定、发展两岸关系的其他活动。（5）toencourageandfacilitateotheractivitiesthatareconducivetopeaceandstabilityintheTaiwanStraitsandstrongercross-Straitsrelations.国家依法保护台湾同胞的权利和利益。ThestateprotectstherightsandinterestsoftheTaiwancompatriotsinaccordancewithlaw.第七条国家主张通过台湾海峡两岸平等的协商和谈判，实现和平统一。Article7ThestatestandsfortheachievementofpeacefulreunificationthroughconsultationsandnegotiationsonanequalfootingbetweenthetwosidesoftheTaiwanStraits.协商和谈判可以有步骤、分阶段进行，方式可以灵活多样。Theseconsultationsandnegotiationsmaybeconductedinstepsandphasesandwithflexibleandvariedmodalities.台湾海峡两岸可以就下列事项进行协商和谈判：ThetwosidesoftheTaiwanStraitsmayconsultandnegotiateonthefollowingmatters：（一）正式结束两岸敌对状态；（1）officiallyendingthestateofhostilitybetweenthetwosides；（二）发展两岸关系的规划；（2）mappingoutthedevelopmentofcross-Straitsrelations；（三）和平统一的步骤和安排；（3）stepsandarrangementsforpeacefulnationalreunification；（四）台湾当局的政治地位；（4）thepoliticalstatusoftheTaiwanauthorities；（五）台湾地区在国际上与其地位相适应的活动空间；（5）theTaiwanregion'sroomofinternationaloperationthatiscompatiblewithitsstatus；and（六）与实现和平统一有关的其他任何问题。（6）othermattersconcerningtheachievementofpeacefulnationalreunification.第八条“台独”分裂势力以任何名义、任何方式造成台湾从中国分裂出去的事实，或者发生将会导致台湾从中国分裂出去的重大事变，或者和平统一的可能性完全丧失，国家得采取非和平方式及其他必要措施，捍卫国家主权和领土完整。Article8Intheeventthatthe“Taiwanindependence”secessionistforcesshouldactunderanynameorbyanymeanstocausethefactofTaiwan'ssecessionfromChina，orthatmajorincidentsentailingTaiwan'ssecessionfromChinashouldoccur，orthatpossibilitiesforapeacefulreunificationshouldbecompletelyexhausted，thestateshallemploynon-peacefulmeansandothernecessarymeasurestoprotectChina'ssovereigntyandterritorialintegrity.依照前款规定采取非和平方式及其他必要措施，由国务院、中央军事委员会决定和组织实施，并及时向全国人民代表大会常务委员会报告。TheStateCouncilandtheCentralMilitaryCommissionshalldecideonandexecutethenon-peacefulmeansandothernecessarymeasuresasprovidedforintheprecedingparagraphandshallpromptlyreporttotheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongress.第九条依照本法规定采取非和平方式及其他必要措施并组织实施时，国家尽最大可能保护台湾平民和在台湾的外国人的生命财产安全和其他正当权益，减少损失；Article9Intheeventofemployingandexecutingnon-peacefulmeansandothernecessarymeasuresa