半波偶极子天线毕业设计论文综述

天津职业技术师范大学TianjinUniversityofTechnologyandEducation毕业设计专业：班级学号：学生姓名：指导教师：二○一三年六月天津职业技术师范大学本科生毕业设计半波偶极子天线设计TheDesignoftheHalfWaveDipoleAntenna专业班级：学生姓名：指导教师：系别：2013年6月I摘要近年来,Radiofrequencyidentification(RFID)技术飞速发展并逐渐成为自动物体识别应用中的主要技术[1]。现今有很多种RFID天线类型,如偶极子天线、分形天线、环形槽天线和微带贴片天线等[2]。这里着重研究RFID技术中的半波偶极子天线，即是对称振子天线，最常用的是半波振子，偶极子天线是研究天线的基础，具有很多特性，比如辐射特性阻抗特性，波长缩短效应，谐振特性等，它既可作为简单的天线单独使用,又可作为天线阵的单元或面天线的馈源[3-4]。所以深入了解半波偶极子天线的设计理论与优化技术是非常重要的。传统的天线设计方法是由设计师根据天线的分析理论以及自己的经验通过编程进行数值计算的方法来确定天线的各参数，这样做不仅花费了大量的时间和精力，而且费用昂贵。本设计采用现代计算机为基础，使用HighFrequencyStructureSimulator（HFSS）三维电磁仿真软件对半波偶极子天线进行设计及仿真、优化分析方法可以节省时间和精力，设计出符合要求的天线。论文从课题研究的背景和目的出发，介绍了半波偶极子天线的基本知识、设计原理。随后从设计和实现角度出发，针对半波偶极子天线提出了优化设计方案，并加以仿真并验证。最后依照仿真数据进行实物设计制作并验证其性能。关键词：3GHz；天线；HFSS10；偶极子天线IIABSTRACTInrecentyears,Radiofrequencyidentification(RFID)technologyandtherapiddevelopmentofautomaticobjectrecognitionhasbecomethemaintechnologyapplications.TodaytherearemanytypesofRFIDantennas,suchasdipoleantennas,fractalantennas[1],microstrippatchantennaandannulargrooveantenna[2].RFIDtechnologyherefocusesonthehalf-wavedipoleantenna,dipoleantennathatismostcommonlyusedisthehalf-wavedipole,dipoleantennaoftheantennabase,hasmanyfeatures,suchasradiationcharacteristicimpedance,thewavelengthreductioneffect,resonancecharacteristics,etc.itcanbeusedaloneasasimpleantenna,butalsoasaunitorantennaarrayantennafeedsurface[3-4].Therefore,in-depthunderstandingofahalf-wavedipoleantennadesigntheoryandoptimizationtechnologyisveryimportant.Traditionalantennadesignapproachisananalysisbythedesigneraccordingtotheantennatheoryandtheirownexperiencethroughtheprogrammingofnumericalcalculationmethodtodeterminetheparametersoftheantenna,sodonotspendalotoftimeandeffort,andexpensive.Thisdesignusesmoderncomputer-based,usingHighFrequencyStructureSimulator(HFSS)three-dimensionalelectromagneticsimulationsoftwarehalf-wavedipoleantennadesignandsimulation,optimizationanalysismethodcansavetimeandeffort,designedtomeettherequirementsoftheantenna.Papersfromthebackgroundandpurposeoftheresearch,thispaperintroducesahalf-wavedipoleantennabasicsdesignprinciples.Thenfromthedesignandimplementationpointofview,forthehalf-wavedipoleantennaproposedoptimaldesign,andmakethesimulationandverification.Finallysimulationdatainaccordancewiththephysicaldesignandverifyitsperformance.KeyWords：3GHz;antenna;HFSS10;dipoleantenna目录1绪论.........................................................................................................................11.1课题研究的背景...........................................................................................11.2课题研究的意义...........................................................................................11.3本次课题的主要工作...................................................................................12概述.........................................................................................................................22.1半波偶极子天线简述...................................................................................22.2AnsoftHFSS10仿真软件简介................................................................22.3AnsoftHFSS10仿真软件设计流程概述................................................32.4本设计的方案思路.......................................................................................42.5主要技术指标...............................................................................................42.5.1天线的输入阻抗...................................................................................42.5.2天线的极化方式...................................................................................52.5.3方向性系数...........................................................................................52.5.4天线的增益...........................................................................................62.5.5天线的效率...........................................................................................63理论分析.................................................................................................................73.1电基本振子的辐射场...................................................................................73.2对称天线的辐射...........................................................................................93.3半波偶极子天线性能参数的理论计算.....................................................113.3.1电流分布.............................................................................................113.3.2辐射场和方向图................................................................................113.3.3方向性系数.........................................................................................123.3.4辐射电阻.............................................................................................123.3.5输入阻抗.............................................................................................134HFSS仿真设计.....................................................................................................144.1HFSS设计概述..........................................................................................144.2HFSS仿真设计.......................................