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Unit3UndertheSeaGrammarRevisethePassiveVoiceof—ingFormFindallthesentencesusingthe–ingforminthereadingpassage,payingspecialattentiontothepassive–ingform.1.…Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay.2.Werandown…toseeanenormousanimalthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.3.Ilooked…andcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway.4.IhadheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting.5.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofsixotherkillers.6.FromJame’sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.7.Whenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.宾补宾补宾补宾补宾补宾语宾语伴随状语V-ing的用法：1.Swimmingisgoodforhealth.2.Myhobbyisplayingtabletennis.3.Hesuggestedgoingsnorkeling.4.Thegirlstandingthereismysister.5.Isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet.6.Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.7.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaituntilthenextday.主语表语宾语定语宾补状语独立主格结构1.Beinglaughedatinpublicisaterribleexperience.2.Whatwearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.3.Thesilenceofthelibrarywasbrokenonlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.4.Didyouseetheboybeingquestionedbythepolice?5.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.主语宾语定语宾补语态时态主动形式被动形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing的形式：ThePassiveVoiceof—ingForm的用法1.作主语★____________(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.★_______________sunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.★_________________madehimveryangry.BeingkilledBeingexposedtoBeingkeptwaiting2.作宾语★Georgedoesn’tlike____________________.★Thebirdescaped____________(catch).★Iremember_______________thestory.(told)V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。★Hewasterrifiedof______________(abandon)byus.★Tonywasveryunhappyfor_____________________totheparty.beingabandonedbeingcaughtbeingkeptwaitingnothavingbeeninvitedbeingtold注意①在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Thecupboardneedssortingout.Theproblemrequiresconsideringcarefully.Thetreeswantwatering.Thiscitydeservesvisiting.②在beworth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.3.作定语＊Thebuilding_______________________isourdormitory.＊Theproblem________________________(discuss)nowisveryurgent.比较Theproblem___________(discuss)yesterdayhasbeensolved.Theproblem________________________(discuss)tomorrowisveryimportant.beingdiscussedbeingrepaireddiscussedtobediscussed4.作宾语补足语:●Aswedrewcloser,wecouldseeawhale________________byapackofsixotherkillers.●IsawJames_______________________inthewaterbyOldTom.●You’llfindthetopic_______________(discuss)everywherenow.●Isawthefilmstar__________________________________.beingattackedbeingfirmlyheldupbeingdiscussedbeingsurroundedbyherfans.5.作状语Beingdone习惯上不做状语,通常用过去分词done做状语。◆_______________,thewhalesoondied.◆_________________,hewouldgettheworkwelldone.Havingbeendone可作时间状语◆________________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.◆__________________fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australianhadmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.BadlywoundedHavingbeentoldGivenenoughtimeHavingbeenseparated1.Havingbeentoldnottobelate,Peterstillcamelate,whichmademeveryangry.2.Havingbeensurroundedforamonth,theenemyhadtogivein.3.Havingbeentestedout,thenewproductwasputintomarketinlargequantities.现在分词的被动形式用作状语让步状语原因状语时间状语6.独立主格结构中ing分词单独作状语时，ing分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是一致的，但有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时需要在分词前加上它的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的分词短语称为独立主格结构。这个问题已讨论好几次了，他们几乎失去了解决它的希望。Theissue_________________severaltimes,theyalmostlostthehopeofsettlingit.Theplan_______________foralongtime,theydon’tknowhowtocarryitout.Theplan______,hefeltconfident.havingbeendiscussedhavingbeenmademade1.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.2.决定已经做出,下一个问题是如何制定出一个好的计划了。Thedecisionhavingbeenmade,thenextproblemishowtomakeagoodplan.3.会议结束后,我们都离开会议室开车走了。Themeetingbeingover,weallleftthemeetingroomanddrovehome.7.V-ing的主动形式和被动形式前都可加物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。Hisparentsareworriedabout______________.Hisparentsareworriedabout____________.hislosingthejobhisbeingfired动名词V-ing形式的复合结构动名词V-ing形式的前面加上物主代词或名词所有格构成动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语或宾语.我坚决要求他立刻做出答复。Iinsistedonhim/hismakinganimmediatereply.他当众受到嘲笑，使自己感到十分羞愧。Hisbeinglaughedatinpublicmadehimselffeelveryashamed.总统的亲自来访令我们十分荣幸。ThePresident’svisitingusinpersonhonouredusverymuch.我很高兴你被授予了一枚奖牌。I’mverypleasedatyou/yourhavingbeenhonouredwithamedal.