2017年北京中考英语完形填空重点、难点、高频词汇!导读完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一,失分率较高。要做好完形填空,不仅要具备一定的词法、句法和惯用法等基础知识,而且还要具备阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和运用语言知识的实践能力。重点在哪?1、词汇完形填空考查的词汇以实词为主——名词、动词、形容词和副词等,比重极大,且有逐年增加的趋势。词汇考查当然也包括短语及一些固定搭配。从近几年北京中考的完形填空中可以看出,完形填空的考查重理解、轻语法,这也是适应英语学习注重实际应用的要求,所以词汇部分是北京中考英语完形填空考查的重中之重。2、逻辑考查对篇章的整体理解、上下文段落的衔接、逻辑思维与判断推理能力。增加了考查连词的题,涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解。选项所在的句子与上下文构成并列、选择、转折、指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、递进等逻辑关系,这些逻辑关系是得出正确答案的重要线索。常见的表示并列关系的and,选择关系的or,转折关系的but,however,yet,instead,while,指代关系的do,so,one,ones,this,that,those,he,it,they,等等,它们表明了句子之间的关系,帮助我们选出正确的选项。3、情感考查同学们把握作者情感的能力,要从作者的角度想问题,从文章整体把握情感脉络,真正理解了作者所想,才会提高做题的正确率。难点在哪1、熟词生义顾名思义,熟词生义指的是考查熟悉单词的陌生含义。比如2012年北京中考英语完形填空考查了tie这个词,大家都知道tie名词有“领带、联系”的意思,动词是“系、捆绑”的意思,而12年却考了“打成平局”这一生僻含义。再如2014年西城一模考了voice这个词,voice常见的意思是“嗓音”,而考试中却考查了它的动词词义“说出、表达”。还有2015年海淀一模考查了picture这个词,乍一看非常简单,名词是“图画、照片”的意思,但是这么简单的意思肯定不会考,真正考查的是它“想象、描绘”之意。从以上例子中可以看出,同学们平时在背单词时,必须要把一个单词的多种词性和词义都要记牢才行。2、词义与词形的辨析主要集中在对实词的考察。选项之间构成同义词、反义词或形近词的关系。有时也借助选项,考查同学们对某些单词词义的精确理解。词义的辨析通常都要通过上下文语义的联系才能得出正确答案,此外对文章主题的把握也是关键。高频词汇动词类1、看”look看的动作/see看的结果;watch观察;observe为了研究进行的观察;notice注意;catchsightof看见;stare好奇地看;glare瞪着看;Glance瞅见;glimpse瞥见seeafilm;watchTV2、“说”telllsthtosb.=tellsbsth告诉的内容;talkwithsbaboutsth强调说话者之间的交流;saysth诉说的内容;speakinEnglish说的语言whispersthtosb耳语;Informsbofsth通知某人某事;reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事;Bargain讨价还价;chat聊天;repeat重复;explain解释;warn警告;remind提醒;discuss讨论;debate辩论;figure指出;declare宣布;claim自称;mention提起;admit承认;deny否绝;describe描述;announce公布;introduce介绍;complain抱怨3、“叫”cry哭叫;call叫;shout大喊;scream尖叫;moan呻吟;sigh叹气quarrel大吵4、“问”ask询问interview采访express表达;question审问5、“答”answer回答;respond回应(用其他方式回应);reply回复6、“听”listento听的动作;hear听的结果;pickup收听;overhear无意听到7、“写”dictate听写;writesth写describe描写;dropaline写信draw画takedown/writedown写下,记下8、“拿/放”take拿走;bring拿来;hold举着;carry扛,挑(无方向性)fetch拿来拿去;lift举;Put放lay铺/放置;pull拉/push推9、“抓”takeholdof抓着seize紧抓;grasp握住;scratch抠10、“打”hit一次性的打击;beat不间断的打击;strike突然的击打/突然想到;blow吹刮;attack攻击11“扔”throw扔;drop掉放弃错过;fall倒下无意掉下来;wave招手;shake摇12“送”send寄送;deliver递送;give给;offer主动给予;seeoff给某人送行13“摸/抱”touch摸;fold折叠;embrace拥抱;hug抱;hold握14“踢/碰”kick踢;knock敲;tip轻敲15“行”walk走;run跑;climb爬;jump跳;skip单腿跳;slip溜;come/goenter进入;move搬迁;drive开车;ride骑;fly飞;crawl匍匐前进16“坐”sitdown/beseated/seatoneself坐下;takeaseat/stand站,耸立/lean斜靠17“睡/休息”lie/onone’sback/ononeside/onone’sstomachstayinbedhavearesttakeanap打盹beasleepbendturnover翻身rest18“笑”smile微笑(不出声);laugh/burstintolaughter/burstoutlaughing笑19“哭”cry/burstintotears/burstoutcryingshedtears留泪;weep呜咽地哭;sob抽泣;20“找/查”find找到;lookfor正在找过程;findout查明;discover/explore发现/探索;huntfor/searchfor/seek/seekfor/insearchof寻找;Searchsb搜身;searchsp.forsth为某物而搜寻某地;Check检查,核实;examine考察发现问题/体检;test检测,检验;inspect视察21“穿”puton动作;wear穿戴;haveon试穿;bedressedin穿的状态;make-up化装;getchanged换衣服;beinred;身穿红衣服takeoff脱;remove去除22“吃/喝”eat/drink;sip吮吸;haveameal吃饭;havesupper吃晚饭;toast喝酒;tastetreatsbto请某人吃;helponeselfto随便吃23“得”get/obtain/acquire获得知识和技能;gain/possess24“失”lose丢了;belost/bemissing人错过失踪,不见;gone不见(物;)getlost走丢;dieoff相继死去;dieaway逐渐消失25“有”have有;own是自己的;conquer征服;occupy占有=possess26“无”nothingleft;theremainingthing;disappear;bemissing/gone丢了,不见了27“增/减”rise/goup/drop;人主动抬价raise/bringdown/reduceincrease/decrease28“买/卖”buy/purchase/afford/pay/payoff/payfor/sell/onsale/bargainBill/cheque/cash/creditcardnotes/coinsdiscounts29“存在/消失”comeintobeing/exist/appear/survive/live/show/turnupdisappear/die/dieout/passaway/beoutofsight30“变化”develop/improve/become/grow/gobad/wrong/sour/without(negativeadj.)turncolourchange/changeintoreform31认识的过程feelsenseguesssupposewonderdoubtknow/learnrealizeUnderstandrememberbefamiliarwithrecallreciteapplyto32成功/失败makeitsucceedmakeprogresscometruerealizeone’sdreamwinLosefailtodofailuredefeatsufferlossbeatturnsth.Intoreality33努力try/managemakeeffortsattemptdoonesbestdoasmuchasonecantodo34祝贺congratulationsonsbcelebrateobserve庆祝gettogether聚会35赞美/批评praisethinkhighlyof/blamesbforsth/sbistoblamecriticize/scoldsb.forsth.havealowopinionofsbSpeakillof36喜/恶likelovebefondofbekeenonbecrazyaboutadorebeintopreferenjoyinfavorofDislikehatebeawful/disgustingignoreturnoff37判断thinkbelieveconsiderfindfeelconcludeinferdoubt38到达arriveatreachreturntogettostayinspvisitleaveleaveforonone’swaytouponone’sarrivalondoingsth39受伤hurtinjuredwoundcutkilldrownbleedgetburntsufferfromsufferaloss40损坏damagedestroyruinbreakdownbebrokencrash41修复repairrebuildrestorefixrecoveroneself42支持/反对agreedisagreeacceptreceiverefuseturndownbeagainstelectvotefor/against43做饭cookwashcutchopboilfrysteammakemixcleanbrushcoveruncovercooker44建议advisesuggestrecommendurgeproposedemandpersuade说服45花费sth/doingsthcostsbspendindoingsthSbaffordn/todosthIttakesometime/money/energytodosthsbpay$forsth.atone’sexpense46省/存钱save/saveupsetasideputawaysparenoeffort/time47参加takepartinjoin/joininattendcompetein/for/against48控告accusesb.ofchargesb.With49救治help/helpoutsave/rescuesbfromsth.Treat过程/cure结果sb.OfsthAidsbindoingsth/todosthhelpsbwithsthassistsbindoingsth50敬佩admirerespectshowrespectfor/toadoreenvy/bejealousyinhonorof名词类1、假期vacationholidayspringbreakaskforleavebeonholidayhavetwodaysoff2