纳米材料在生物学及医学领域的应用

*45300735。、。*[e-mail]207710362010A1500132010-07-082010-08-18、、-、、、。、、、、、。、、、、。ApplicationsofNanomaterialsinBiologyandMedicineGuoYumingWangLinglingZhangJieMaXiaomingJiangLiliYangLin*CollegeofChemistryandEnvironmentalScienceHenanNormalUniversityKeyLaboratoryofGreenChemicalMediaandReactionsMinistryofEducationXinxiang453007AbstractNanomaterialscanbecomposedofanysubstancessuchasmetalssemiconductorscore-shellcompositesandorganicpolymers.Becauseofthesmallsizeandhighspecificsurfaceareathenanomaterialsexhibituniqueandexcellentopticalelectronicmagneticandcatalyticproperties.Throughtheadjustmentofthesizesizedistributionmorphologysurfacepropertiesandenergybandgapbyphysicalchemicalbiologicalandmedicalapproachesthenanoparticlescanexhibitspecificanddesignedpropertiesandapplications.Inthisreviewtheapplicationsofnanoparticlesinbiologyandmedicineincludingbiologicalfluorescentlabelingtargeteddrugdeliverydetectionofbiomoleculesseparationandpurificationofcellsandbiomoleculesmagneticresonanceimagingcontrastandtumortreatmentarereviewed.Inadditiontheissuesaboutthehealtheffectofnanomaterialsonhumanbodyarealsodiscussed.KeywordsNanomaterialsBiologyMedicineApplications1～100nm。、、、、、、、。—、、、、1。、、、、、、、、、、2。、、、DNA、、、·601·2011742http//、MRI。1。。。。Ⅱ-VIAⅢ-VA。3。45。1。、67。。。1DsRed2CdSe/ZnSFig.1SpectraofCdSe/ZnSquantumdotsandorganicdyeDsRed2aDsRed2bCdSe/ZnS、。Bruchez6CdSe-CdS3T3。Nie7CdSe-ZnSHeLaIgGIgGCdSe-ZnS。。、。Wu8IgGCdSe-ZnSSK-BR-3·701·http//。。IgG3T32。2004Nie9TOPOCdSe-ZnS。2。。Xie10MEARDNATLS9a。。MEARMEAR3。Dong11CdTeCD4。FITC。3DNA—10Fig.3FluorescencemicroscopicimagesofQD-Aptamerbioprobes10aMEARbBNL2。。。。50nm100nm。。·801·2011742http//。。。、、、1213。14。。、1516。、、、、1718。Bahadur19Fe3O4Michael10nm。Hela。4。4Fe3O419Fig.4Drugrelease%profileofthedoxorubicinloadedontheFe3O4magneticnanoparticlesintheabsenceatroomtemperatureandpresenceofanACmagneticfieldat42℃inacetatebufferpH519521Fig.5HumanMe300melanomacellsweregrownin48well-platesandexposedfor16hor36htoCPTUSPIOseitherintheabsenceoforonapermanentstaticmagnetthenthecellsurvivalwasascertainedbyAlamarBluestaining21■16h□16h▲36h△36hWheate2030nm。。1。。5～6。Hanessian21。。·901·http//。3DNA、。DNAPCRDNApmol。PCRDNA。ELISApmol。fmolELISA。ELISA。。、、、。Jia22CEADNAssDNA13nmHRPssDNA。CEA。。CEAELISA130p536。6CEA22Fig.6ThespectrophotometricdetectionofCEArecordedbyusingtheenzyme-labeledAuNPprobe22aELISAbCEARusling235nmPDDA-EDC1-3---3-—NHSSN-PSAPSA。PSAPSAHRP--HRP·011·2011742http//Ⅲ/FeⅡ-。H2O2HRPferryloxy。PSA。ELISAPSA2000PSA7。7PSA23Fig.7ResultsforAuNPimmunosensorsincubatedwithPSA23a、bELISA4、、。、。THIV、2425。、BT。26。、。。。、。2728。Gu288～10nm、。-SDA-PAGE。200、。Earhart29·111·http//。。。37%8。829Fig.8Cellisolationwithmagneticsifter29ab9PVP39Fig.9Magneticresonanceimagingofmicefollowingintra-arterialinjectionofPVPFe3O439ab5MRIMRI。MRI30。MRIMRI。。MRI。MRI。MRIMRI31、32、3334、353637。。。Harisinghani382～3nm。MRI。。。·211·2011742http//。30minMRI、。MRI9。6。200925056150040。、、、。。Yang41BSA65nmAg2S40nm、220nmAg2S50nm、1μmAg2SBSA3Ag2S。3Ag2S3。10CuS、aHL-60bV79-442Fig.10Anti-proliferationeffectsofCuSANPsNCsandBCsonaHL-60cellsbV79-4cells424250nmCuS60nmCuS。2HL-60、HepG2V79-4。、MTT2CuS222·311·http//。2CuS2CuS10。7、、。Shen43-/。8、、、、、、、DNA、、、、MRI、、。、3。、、、。。、、、、。1MCRoco.Curr.Opin.Biotechnol.200314337～346.2HEBruneAGrunwaldWGrünwaldetal.NanotechnologyAssessmentandPerspectives.BerlinHeidelbergSpringer-Berlag2006271～495.3WCWChanDJMaxwellXGaoetal.Curr.Opin.Biotechnol.20021340～46.4APAlivisatos.Science1996271933～937.5MHanXGaoJZSuetal.Nat.Biotechnol.200119631～635.6MJrBruchezMMoronnePGinetal.Science19982812013～2016.7WCChanSNie.Science19982812016～2018.8XWuHLiuJLiuetal.Nat.Biotech.20022141～46.9XHGaoYYCuiRMLevensonetal.Nat.Biotechnol.200422969～976.10JZhangXJiaX-JLvetal.Talanta201081505～509.11WDongXGeMWangetal.Luminescence20102555～60.12DHoarauPDelmasSDavidetal.Pharm.Res.2004211783～1789.13SMMoghimiJSzebeni.Prog.LipidRes.200342463～478.14FAlexisJWRheeJPRichieetal.Urol.Oncol.20082674～85.15OMKooIRubinsteinHOnyuksel.Nanomed.2005177～84.16JKristlBVolkMGasperlinetal.Eur.J.Pharm.Sci.200319181～189.17HGelderblomJVerweijKNooteretal.Eur.J.Cancer2001371590～1598.18AJTenTijeJVerweijWJLoosetal.Clin.Pharmacokinet.200342665～685.19SChandraSMehtaSNigametal.NewJ.Chem.201034648～655.20SDBrownPNativoJASmithetal.J.Am.Chem.Soc.20101324678～4684.21CFerideGJustynaMAuxiaetal.ChemMedChem20094988～997.22MLiuCJiaYHuangetal.Analyst2010135327～331.23VManiBVChikkaveeraiahVPateletal.ACSNano20093585～594.·411·2011742http//～255.25UHfeliWSchuttJTelleretal.ScientificandClinicalApplicationsofMagneticCarriers.YorkLondonNewPlenum199711～35.26HJGrossBVerwerDHoucketal.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.199592537～541.27HGuKXuCXuetal.Chem.Commun.2006941～949.28LOscarTXiaodongZMaciejetal.Biotechnol.Bio