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八年级下册Units3、41.terrify(v.)→________(adj.)害怕的2.day(n.)→_____(adj.)每日的；日常的3.die(v.)→_____(n.)死亡→_____(adj.)死的4.exact(adj.)→_______(adv.)正；恰恰5.decide（v.）→_______（n.）决心terrifieddailydeathdeadexactlydecision6.sleep(v.)→______(adj.)困倦的→______(adj.)睡着的7.important(adj.)→__________(n.)重要性8.succeed(v.)→_______(n.)成功→_________(adj.)成功的→__________(adv.)成功地sleepyasleepimportancesuccesssuccessfulsuccessfully【品词自测】根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空①MrBlack_____lastWednesday,andhis_____madeMrsBlackverysad.(die)②Idon’tknow_____(exact)whereshelives.③Lindawasso_____thatshefell_____inaminute.(sleep)④Every_____personalwaysplansforhis_____.(success)答案：①died;death②exactly③sleepy;asleep④successful;success1.非常害怕的beterrified__2.最后；终于__theend3.做决定；下决心makea_______4.即使；纵然;尽管____though5.不再；已不no______6.对……感到自豪takepride__7.放弃give___ofindecisionevenlongerinup8.代替_______of9.全神贯注；专注于___________on10.担心；关心care_________11.toone’ssurprise_______________12.payattentionto_________________13.stayup_____14.atpresent___________15.intheway_________________insteadconcentrateabout/for令某人惊奇的是对……注意；留心熬夜目前；现在挡道的；妨碍人的1.你以前个子不高，是不是？You_________short,__________?2.我开着卧室的灯睡觉。Igotosleep____mybedroomlight___.3.在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了很多改变。Mylife___________alot__________________.usedtobedidn’tyouwithonhaschangedinthelastfewyears4.不应该允许16岁的青少年穿耳洞。Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnotbeallowedto___theirears_______.5.——我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年开车。—Idon’tthinksixteen-year-olds_______________________.——我同意。他们不够稳重。—Iagree.Theyaren’t_____________.getpiercedshouldbeallowedtodriveseriousenough6.——在我家我们有很多规定。—Wehavealotofrulesatmyhouse.——我们家也是（有很多规定）。—_________.7.那将会是一个既让老师高兴又让学生满意的办法。Thatwouldbeagoodwayto_____bothteachersandstudents______.Sodowekeephappy含有情态动词的被动语态【见P172】1.deathn.死；死亡◆However,afterhisfather’sdeathafewyearsago,Martin’slifebecamemuchmoredifficult.但是几年前他爸爸去世后，马丁的生活变得更加艰难了。①Smokingcausesillnessesandeven_____(die).②Theoldmandiedtwoyearsago.(改为同义句)Theoldman____________fortwoyears.【自主归纳】die/dead/deadly/dying的辨析答案：①death②hasbeendeaddie动词死；死亡dead形容词死的deadly形容词致命的；非常的副词非常；如死一般地dying形容词垂死的；奄奄一息的2.succeedv.成功；达到；完成◆ButtheyarealwaystalkingaboutwhatwillhappenifIdon’tsucceed.但他们一直在谈论如果我不能成功怎么办。①这个计划成功了。Theplan________.②ShenzhouⅨsucceededin_____(return)totheearth.【自主归纳】succeed的用法(1)succeed作为不及物动词，意为“成功”，其反义词为fail。常用搭配为：succeedin_____sth.在（做）……方面成功。(2)succeed的名词形式为_______（其反义词为failure）；其形容词形式为_________；其副词形式为__________。答案：①hassucceeded②returningdoingsuccesssuccessfulsuccessfully3.beafraidto害怕去做；不敢去做◆I’mstillafraidofbeingalone.我一直害怕独自一人。①大部分女生都怕黑，晚上害怕一个人出去。Mostgirlsare________thedark，theyare_______gooutalone.②—WillyoubefreethisSaturdayafternoon?—_____.I’llhavetotakepartinthewritingcompetition.A.IamnotafraidB.IamafraidC.IamafraidnotD.Iamnotafraidso【自主归纳】答案：①afraidof;afraidto②Cbeafraidofdoingsth./sth.担心做某事(害怕某物)后面接动名词或名词或代词,表示心理活动beafraidtodosth.害怕去做某事后接动词原形，表示行为动作beafraidthat...恐怕，担心后接that从句，表示对将要发生事情的担忧（I’m）afraidso(not)恐怕如此（不是）用于回答别人的提问4.usedto过去经常；以前常常◆Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.我过去怕黑。①Mother_____usstorieswhenwewereyoung.A.usedtotellingB.isusedtotellC.usedtotellD.isusedtotelling②Heusedtosmoke,________?(完成反意疑问句)③我习惯走路上学。I________________toschool.【自主归纳】usedto的用法（1）usedto是过去时态，用于描述过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，后跟动词原形。（2）usedtodo的附加问句部分可用______或_______。didn’tusedn’t（3）usedto/beusedtodoing/beusedtodo/beusedfor等的辨析：【一言巧辨异】MyauntusedtoliveintheUSA,sosheisusedtowesternfood.我姑妈以前在美国生活，所以她习惯于吃西餐。答案：①C②didn’the/usedn’the③am/getusedtowalking5.—Wehavealotofrulesatmyhouse.在我家我们有很多规定。—Sodowe.我家也是（有很多规定）。①—IheardYangYangmadeanEnglishspeechattheclassmeetingyesterday.—_____,and_____.A.Soshedid;sodidIB.Sodidshe;soIdidC.Soshewas;soIwasD.Sodidshe;sodidI②YoucanreadtheEnglishbook.Icanreadit,too.(改为同义句)YoucanreadtheEnglishbook.So________.【自主归纳】so+助动词+主语/so+主语+助动词的用法辨析答案：①A②canI句式用法区别关键so+助动词+主语意为“……也是如此”，表示前面陈述的情况也适于后者前后两句为_____(相同/不同)主语so+主语+助动词意为“……确实如此”，表示赞同前面说过的情况前后两句为_____(相同/不同)主语不同相同Ⅰ.单项选择1.(2012·淄博中考)—DidyougotoQingdaoorYantaiforyourholiday?—Wewentto_____.AweekinQingdaoandaweekinYantai.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.neither【解析】选A。根据句意可知青岛和烟台两个地方都去了。表示“两者都”用both。故选A。2.(2012·淄博中考)—Sam,youalwaysgetupearlyeverymorning.Doyoulikeit?—Notreally,but_____.A.IusedtoitB.I’musedtoitC.IusedtodoitD.I’musedtodoit【解析】选B。beusedto(doing)sth.表示“习惯了（做）某事”。句意：——萨姆，你每天早晨总是起这么早。你喜欢这样吗？——不，但是我习惯了。故选B。3.(2012·泰安中考)Don’t_____sooften.It’sbadforyourhealth.A.getupB.stayupC.lookupD.comeup【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。getup“起床”，stayup“熬夜”，lookup“抬头，查字典”，comeup“出现”，句意：不要经常熬夜，那对你的健康有害。故选B。4.（2012·连云港中考）—Jack,ismathsdifficulttolearninhighschool?—Sure.Nosubjectcanbelearnedwell_____hardwork.A.withoutB.throughC.byD.with【解析】选A。通过某种方法、手段，用介词by。without“无”，through“通过”，with“用”。句意：——杰克,高中数学难学吗？——是的，不刻苦，没有科目能学好。故选A。5.（2012·上海中考）Wehavedecidedtotry_____besttoraisemoremoneyforthelocalcharity.A.usB.ourC.weD.ours【解析】选B。tryone’sbest“尽……最大努力”。6.（2012·山西中考）—Dear,youneedto_____bynextweek,togotouniversityathomeortogoabroad.Youaregoingoneighteen.—OK,Mum.Iamconsideringit.A.makeanappointmentB.makeasuggestionC.makeadecision【解析】选C。A项意为“约定”，B项意为“建议”，C项意为“做决定”。由前句句意“亲爱的，下周左右你要做出决定，是在国内上大学还是去国外？你快要18岁了。”可知C项正确。7.(2011·哈尔滨中考)LiNahaswonthec