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CHAPTER6LeadingTRUE/FALSE1、Byfarthemostdifficultdecisionsituationisuncertainty.F2、Achoicemadefromavailablealternativesiscalledadecision。T3、Theclassicaldecisionmakingmodelassumesthatthedecision-makerisrational,andmakestheoptimaldecisioneachtime.T4、Decision-makingmustnotbedoneamidever-changingfactors,unclearinformationandconflictingpointsofview.F5、AccordingtotheVroom-JagoModel,leadersshouldbeconcernedwithdecisioncharacteristicslikeacommitmentrequirement,problemstructureandsubordinateconflict.TCHOICE1、Achoicemadefromavailablealternativesisknownasa___A______.A.decisionB.planC.plannedgoalD.tacticE.strategy2、Thelowestpossibilityoffailureisassociatedwiththeconditionof:CA.ambiguityB.uncertaintyC.certaintyD.riskE.twooftheabove3、Theclassicalmodelofdecisionmakingisbasedon___C_______assumptions.A.philosophicalB.irrationalC.economicD.uncertaintyE.industrial4、Whichoftheseisthefirststepinthemanagerialdecisionmakingprocess?CA.evaluationandfeedbackB.developmentofalternativesC.recognitionofdecisionrequirementD.diagnosisandanalysisofcausesE.selectionofdesiredalternatives5、Feedbackisimportantbecause:DA.decisionmakingisacontinuousprocessB.itprovidesdecision-makerswithnewinformationC.ithelpsdetermineifanewdecisionneedstobemadeD.alloftheaboveE.BandConlyCHAPTER7DesigningAdaptiveOrganizationsTRUE/FALSE1.Organisationalstructurereferstotheframeworkinwhichtheorganisationdefinesthewaytasksaredivided,resourcesaredeployedanddepartmentsarecoordinated.T2.Authorityistherighttouseresources,makedecisionsandissueordersinanorganisation.T3.Giventhechallengestomeetcustomerneedsandadapttotheenvironment,mostorganisationstodaydiscouragemanagerstodelegateauthoritytothelowerlevels.F4.Thenumberofemployeesreportingtoasupervisorishisorherspanofmanagement.T5.Anadvantageofverticalfunctionalstructureisitsquickresponsetoexternalchanges.TCHOICE1.Whichofthesereferstothedeploymentoforganisationalresourcestoachievestrategicgoals?CA.planningB.controllingC.organizingD.leadingE.strategicmanagement2.Strategydefines_______todowhileorganisingdefines_______todoit.CA.how,whatB.how,whyC.what,howD.what,whyE.when,what3.Organisationstructureisdefinedas:BA.thevisualrepresentationoftheorganisationB.theframeworkinwhichtheorganisationdefinedhowtasksaredivided,resourcesaredeployed,anddepartmentsarecoordinatedC.thedivisionoflabourD.theunbrokenlineofauthoritythatlinksallindividualsintheorganisationE.noneoftheabove4.__________istheformalandlegitimaterightofamanagertomakedecisions.CA.DelegationB.ResponsibilityC.AuthorityD.LeadershipE.Spanofmanagement5.Whichofthesemeansthateachemployeeisheldaccountabletoonlyonesupervisor?BA.scalarprincipleB.unityofcommandC.workspecialisationD.divisionoflabourE.spanofmanagement6．__________meansthatdecisionauthorityislocatednearthe__________oftheorganisation.CA.Centralisation,bottomB.Decentralisation,topC.Centralisation,topD.Centralisation,middleE.Noneoftheabove7.Whichofthefollowingisacontemporaryapproachtostructuraldesignindepartmentalisation?DA.functionalB.divisionalC.matrixD.teamsE.geographic-based8.Advantagesofthematrixstructureinclude:EA.Itincreasesemployeeparticipation.B.Itmakesefficientuseofhumanresources.C.Itworkswellinachangingenvironment.D.Itdevelopsbothgeneralandspecialistmanagementskills.E.Alloftheabove.9.Anadvantageofthedivisionalstructureis:AA.concernforcustomers’needsishighB.thereislittleduplicationofservicesacrossdivisionsC.thereisgoodcoordinationacrossdivisionsD.topmanagementretainstightcontroloftheorganisationE.thereisnocompetitionforcorporateresources10.Disadvantagesofthenetworkapproachinclude:DA.alackofhands-oncontrolB.thepossibilityoflosinganimportantpartoftheorganisationC.weakenedemployeeloyaltyD.alloftheaboveE.AandConlyFILLINTHEBLANKS1.A__flat____structurehasawidespan,ishorizontallydispersed,andhasfewerhierarchicallevels.2.Thevisualrepresentationofanorganisation’sstructureiscalledthe__organization__chart____.3.Divisionoflabourisalsoknownas__work_______specialization____.4.The____chainofcommand___isanunbrokenlineofauthoritythatlinksallpersonsinanorganisationandshowswhoreportstowhom.5._authority__istheformalandlegitimaterightofamanagertomakedecisions,issueorders,andallocateresourcestoachieveorganisationallydesiredoutcomes.SHORTANSWER1.Definespanofmanagementandexplainifthereisanidealspanofmanagement.Thespanofmanagementisthenumberofemployeesreportingtoasupervisor.不存在。不同归规模的公司企业使用不同的管理跨度，扁平结构更有效率，但是具体多少人的跨度才最合适是不确定的，要看职员的能力以及公司的规模业务等因素决定。Chapter8ChangeandInnovationChoice1.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoforganisationalchange?（E）A.theswitchtoanewproductionmethodB.thedecisiontoofferanewproductlineC.theintroductionsofanewpayforperformancesystemD.alloftheaboveE.AandBonly2.Theadoptionofanewideaorbehaviourbyanorganisationisknownasorganisational:（A）A.changeB.developmentC.structureD.interventionE.responsibility3.Environmentalforcesforchangeincludewhichofthese?（B）A.organisationalplansB.globalcompetitionC.companyproblemsD.organisationalneedsE.employees4.GeneralElectric,accordingtoyourtextbook,closeditsmicrowavefactoryinresponseto:（A）A.internalfo