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八年级下册Units3-4Ⅰ.单词➡分类记忆【核心速记】不可不记1._______(n.)垃圾;废弃物2.______(v.)扫;打扫3._____(n.)杂乱;不整洁4.______(v.)扔;掷5.____(v.)给;递;走过;通过6._____(n.)浪费;垃圾(v.)浪费;滥用rubbishsweepmessthrowpasswaste7._______(v.)提供;供应8._______(v.)发展;壮大9.____(n.)协议;交易10._______(adj.)焦虑的;担忧的11._______(v.)解释;说明12._____(v.)造成;引起providedevelopdealnervousexplaincause【联想串记】不可不知1.independent(adj.)→____________(n.)独立2.fair(adj.)→______(adj.反义词)不合理的;不公平的→_______(n.)公正性;合理性3.right(adj.)→______(adj.反义词)有毛病的;错误的4.communicate(v.)→______________(n.)交流;沟通5.old(adj.)→_____(比较级)更老的;更旧的→_____(比较级)年纪较长的independenceunfairfairnesswrongcommunicationolderelder6.second(num.)→________(adv.)第二;其次7.press(v.)→________(n.)压力8.quick(adj.)→_______(adv.)快地,迅速地9.develop(v.)→___________(n.)发展;发育secondlypressurequicklydevelopmentⅡ.短语➡双语互译1.频繁;反复___thetime2.一……就……;尽快__soon__3.目的是;为了inorder__4.给某人提供某物providesb.____sth.providesth.___sb.offersth.__sb.5.快速查看;浏览look_______6.成功地发展;解决work___allasastowithfortothroughout7.和睦相处geton____8.和某人为某事争吵argue____sb._____sth.9.删除;删去cut___10.比较;对比compare...____11.takeouttherubbish_______12.takecareof__________13.inone’sopinion_________withwithaboutoutwith倒垃圾照顾;处理依……看Ⅲ.句型➡超级填写1.彼得,请你把垃圾倒掉好吗?Peter,_______________takeouttherubbish?2.怎么了?_____________?3.你今天晚上为什么不早点睡呢?_____________gotosleepearlierthisevening?couldyoupleaseWhat’swrongWhydon’tyou4.然而,疲惫的孩子们直到晚上七点之后才到家。However,thetiredchildren_____gethome_____after7:00p.m.5.我认为那不公平。I__________that’sfair.don’tuntildon’tthink【核心词汇】1.lendv.借给;借出【填一填思维激活】①你能借给我一些钱吗?Couldyou__________mesomemoney?②我每个星期都从图书馆借书。I__________books__________thelibraryeveryweek.③这本书我可以借多长时间?HowlongcanI__________thebook?答案:①lend②borrow;from③keep【记一记知识构建】“借”法不同lend借出非延续性动词,表示主语把东西借给别人,常用结构:lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.borrow借入非延续性动词,表示主语向别人借东西,常用结构:borrowsth.fromsb.或borrowone’ssth.keep借(多久)延续性动词,表示“借某物多长时间”,可以与“for+一段时间”或howlong连用【巧学助记】【练一练走近中考】(2014·南充中考)—Excuseme,canI______yourpen?—Sorry,Ihave______ittoBob.A.borrow;lentB.borrow;borrowedC.lend;borrowedD.lend;lent2.inorderto目的是;为了【填一填思维激活】①为了完成那篇报告,他熬夜到很晚。______________________________finishthereport,hestayeduplate.②Manystudentsstartworksothattheycanhelpprovidebetterlivesfortheirparents.(改为同义句)Manystudentsstartwork______________________________helpprovidebetterlivesfortheirparents.答案:①Inorderto②inorderto【记一记知识构建】inorderto用法总结(1)inorderto“为了”,可以用于句首或句中,其否定式为inordernotto。(2)inorderto相当于soasto,但是soasto多用于否定句中,其否定式为soasnotto。(3)inorderto和soasto表示目的时,可以转化为inorderthat或sothat引导的目的状语从句。为了赶上早班车,他不得不早起。Hehastogetupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus.Hehastogetupearlyinorderthathecancatchtheearlybus.Hehastogetupearlysothathecancatchtheearlybus.【练一练走近中考】(2014·广东中考)Inorder__________forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A.nottobelateB.notbeinglateC.tobelateD.beinglate【教师备选】(2012·连云港中考)AlotoffamousdoctorsgatheredinHarbin______save“China’smostbeautifulteacher”—MsZhangLili.A.sothatB.inordertoC.inorderthatD.asaresult3.providev.提供;供应【填一填思维激活】①城市为乡村提供电力,乡村为城市提供蔬菜和粮食。Thecity__________electricity__________thecountrywhilethecountry__________thecity__________vegetablesandcrops.②Theschoollibraryoffersplentyofbookstousstudents.(改为同义句)=Theschoollibrary__________plentyofbooks__________usstudents.=Theschoollibrary__________usstudents__________plentyofbooks.答案:①provides;for;provides;with②provides;for;provides;with【辨一辨考点突破】provide,give和offer的区别三个词均有“供给;供应”之意,区别主要在结构上。【温馨提示】若offer所接的直接宾语和间接宾语都为代词时,只能用后者。offerittosb.(代词)【练一练走近中考】(2014·兰州中考)Parentsoften______theirchildren______somegoodadvice.A.offer;withB.offer;/C.provide;withD.bothBandC4.allowv.允许;准许【填一填思维激活】①我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们一起闲逛。Myparentsdon’t__________me____________________outwithmyfriends.②你知道的,这条河是禁止小孩游泳的。Youknowthechildren________________________________________swiminthisriver.③他母亲不允许在家里抽烟。Hismotherdoesn’tallow__________athome.答案:①allow;tohang②arenotallowedto③smoking【记一记知识构建】allow的用法allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事【练一练走近中考】(2014·呼和浩特中考)—Whydon’tyouwatchTVathome?—I’dloveto,butmymotherdoesn’tallowme______that.A.doB.didC.todoD.doing5.workout成功地发展;解决【填一填思维激活】①希望事情顺利解决。Hopethingswork__________.②他正致力于一项新的发明。Heisworking__________anewinvention.答案:①out②at【记一记知识构建】与work有关的常用短语workout算出;解决代词作宾语置于work与out之间workon从事于;对……起作用后接名词、代词或动名词workat从事于后接名词、代词或动名词(侧重表示所从事的工作和性质,而不在于说明正在做什么)【练一练走近中考】(2014·贵阳中考)ThismathproblemissohardthatIcan’t______.Pleasegivemesomeadvice.A.lookoutitB.workitoutC.giveitout6.getonwith和睦相处;关系良好【填一填思维激活】①我的问题是我不能与家人和睦相处。MyproblemisthatIcan’t______________________________myfamily.②I’mgettingonwellwithmynewclassmates.(对画线部分提问)____________________yougettingonwithyournewclassmates?答案:①getonwith②Howare【记一记知识构建】geton的用法(1)geton=getalong相处;进展;与……合得来(2)geton/alongwellwithsb.与某人相处得好(3)geton/alongwellwithsth.某事进展得好(4)Howareyougettingon/alongwithsb./sth.?你与某人相处得怎样?/某事进展如何?【练一练走近中考】(2014·兰州中考)Goodmannerscanmakepeople______eachother.A.getonwellwithB.getoffC.getoverD.getaway7.compare...with...比较;对比【填一填思维激活】①他们总是拿自己的孩子与别的孩子作比较。Theyarealways__________theirownchildren__________otherchildren.②Weoftencomparethechildren__________(to/with)happ