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ThereservoirintheapplicationofthewaterconservancyName:Class:Studentnumber:Abstract:Thereservoirismakefulluseofwaterresources,toachieveadvantages,theeliminationofthemosteffectiveengineeringmeasures.Reservoircanputthepartofthefloodandexcesswaterlayasidetemporarily,ontheonehand,controlorlightenthefloodthreattothedownstream,ontheotherhanddodetentionrepairdry,withabundantfillavacancy,forirrigation,watersupply,powergeneration,aquacultureandotherconditions.Generallyconsistsofthedam,reservoirspillwayonthewaterorflooddischargetunnel,culvert,etc.Reservoir,thegeneralexplanationfordetentionstorageandregulatingtheflowofthewaterconservancyprojectbuilding,canuseforirrigation,powergeneration,floodcontrol,andfish.Itreferstothevalleyorriveratthethroattobuildadamformedbyartificiallake.Afterthecompletionofthereservoir,itcanfloodcontrol,waterirrigation,watersupply,powergeneration,fishfarming,andsoon.Naturallakesaresometimesreferredtoasthereservoir(naturalreservoir).Usuallyaccordingtothecapacityofreservoirscalesizeclassification,dividedintosmall,medium,large,etc.Keywords:Reservoir;Thewaterresources;Irrigation;Pesticides;Dam1Basicknowledgeofthereservoir1.1Reservoirandthemainbuilding1.1.1ReservoirfloodcontrolstandardAccordingtotheministryofwaterresources,thedepartmentofenergy'sspecifications,accordingtothetotalcapacityofreservoirengineeringcanbedividedintofivekindsofsize,importanceandreservoirbuildingaccordingtoitsfunctionorcanbedividedintofive.Indesignofhydraulicstructures,itneedtobeconfirmedbythebuildingleveloffloodcontrolstandard,canbedividedintothedesignandcalibrationstandard,usuallyexpressedinthefloodreturnperiod.Returnperiodisreferstotheruntime,flood,onaverage,howmanyyears,suchasdesigncriteriaonce-in-a-century,referstoanaverageofonehundredappearedoncemorethanthestandardofflood,thisisfromlong-term'scase,probablytwice,inonehundredafteraonehundreddidnotcometopass.Smallreservoirsinthefloodcontrolstandardsofearthandrockfilldam:small(a)typereservoirlevelofmainbuildingtolevel4,thedesignfloodcontrolstandardisonceevery30to50yearsandcheckoncethefloodcontrolstandardis500;Small(2)typereservoirleveltolevel5,mainbuildingdesignfloodcontrolstandardfor20years,checkthefloodcontrolstandardforthe200a.1.1.2ThemainbuildingofthereservoirsInsmallreservoirproject,themainbuildingforthedam,spillwayandtheculvert.Belowwegiveintroductiontothestructureandconstructionrespectively.1.1.2.1DamDamisawaterretainingstructure,itsroleistointerceptriver,savingwater,raisethewaterlevel,inordertosatisfytheirrigation,watersupply,powergenerationandtheneedofotherdepartmentsofnationaleconomy,itisthemainbodyofreservoirengineering.Itmakethereservoirbenefitnotonlythecrashcan'tplay,anditwillendangerthesafetyofthedownstream.Asaresult,thedesign,construction,managementmustberesolutelycarryoutthisbasicprinciplestoensuredamsafety.Damtypemany,accordingtothehighdamandpatternclassificationisasfollows:(a),inaccordancewiththedamheightwereclassified:Canbedividedintothreeclassesoflowdam,zhongba,highdam.Lowdam,damislessthan30metershigh.Zhongba:damfor30-70metershigh.Thehighdam,damin70meterstall.Smallreservoirsisgenerallylowdam.(2),accordingtothetypeofclassification:Canbedividedintoearthdamandgravitydamandarchdam,buttressdam,etc.Mycountyonsmallreservoirsareearthandrockfilldam.Earthdamisakindoflocalmaterialdam,whichiscomposedofearth,stone,orthegenerationbyrollingintoawaterretainingstructure,thedamtypeiswidelyusedinwaterconservancyproject.Inourcounty,140smallreservoirs,allforearth-rockDAMS.Atpresentthiskindofdamtypeisthemainreasonofthewidescopeofapplication:(1)dammaterialscanuselocalmaterials;(2)isabletoadapttothefoundationdeformation;(3)simplestructure,reliableoperation,easytomaintenanceheighteningorexpanding;(4)constructiontechnologyissimple,lessworkingprocedure,isadvantageousforthemechanizedrapidlytheconstruction.1.1.2.2SpillwaySpillwayisdrainagebuildingsforanoutletexcessfloods,preventfloodaccident,thereforespillwayisactuallyasecuritydoor,spillwaylayoutaccordingtoitsposition,canbedividedintotheriverbedspillwayspillwayorBanksoftheriver.Riverbedspillwaywasbuiltusingtheoriginalbedthecomputationofflood,itisnotonlythewaterretainingstructure,anddrainagestructures.Thespillway,setthespillwayintheBanksoftheriver.Smallreservoirdamgenerallyforearthandrockfilldam,dambodyarenotallowedtoflood,somanytypespillwaywiththeBanksoftheriver.Banksoftherivertypespillwaycanbedividedbydifferentformsofwaterflowintothespillwayisspillwayandsideslotspillwaytrough,thespillwayistroughappliedmostwidely.Smallreservoirspillwayisgrooveisoftypeopeningopenthatiscommonly,andmosthavenobrakecontrol(notsetbrakeorcandy).Thiskindofspillwayhassimplestructure,convenientconstruction,theadvantagesofsmoothflow,itscompositionis:channelofflooddam(control),draintank(steepslopesection),stillingbasin(energydissipationsection),tailrace,etc.1.1.2.3WaterfacilitiesWaterfacilitiesiswaterbuilding,isthethroatreservoirproject,isaleadingreservoirirrigationcanalsystemengineering,isareservoirirrigation,watersupply,powergenerationbenefitsofthekey.Itconsi