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河北联合大学轻工学院QINGGONGCOLLEGE,HEBEIUNITEDUNIVERSITY毕业设计说明书设计（论文）题目：基于RFID的公交一卡通系统设计学生姓名：李杨学号：201015390605专业班级：10电气6班学部：信息科学与技术部指导教师：周亚罗2014年06月05日摘要-I-摘要近年来，全国许多城市陆续建立了公交一卡通系统，如北京、上海、深圳、南京、大连等，极大地推进了城市信息化建设的进程。该系统的目标是以交通IC卡为主线，连接公交、地铁、出租等公共交通行业和水、电、煤、物业、超市等非公共交通行业，形成“一卡通用、一卡多用”的综合网络服务体系，最终实现“一卡在手走遍全城”的梦想，并且能够解决长期困惑公共交通行业和部分非公共交通行业的自动收费问题。使用公共交通一卡通系统，可减少手持现金的流量，方便市民出行，同时也提高了营运单位的营业效率。市民持有一张交通卡可以在公共交通行业和部分非公共交通行业通用，乘坐常用的交通工具只需一卡代币，无需支付现金，换成交通工具也不用换卡，同时市民还可以使用交通卡支付水、电、煤等日常生活费用以及超市、便利店等小额消费支出;营运单位通过开办一卡通业务大大减少了收费业务量，使收费过程自动化，节省了人力和物力，加速了资金的流动和周转。因为一卡通系统有统一的机构来管理，有助于对营运单位的监督，避免了逃税和漏税现象的出现，也有助于上层管理者了解各个营运单位的营运情况，从而更好地从宏观上对行业发展进行调控。关键词:IC卡系统；无线射频识别；公共交通Abstract-II-AbstractInrecentyears,manycitiesacrossthecountryhaveestablishedthepublictransportationICcardsystem,suchasBeijing,Shanghai,shenzhen,nanjing,dalian,etc.,greatlypromotetheprocessofcityinformatizationconstruction.ThegoalofthesystemisbasedontransportationICcardasthemainline,connectingthebus,subway,taxiandotherpublictransportindustryandwater,electricity,coal,propertymanagement,supermarketandsoonthepublictransportationindustry,formtheonecard,onecardismulti-purposecomprehensivenetworkservicesystem,finallyrealizesonecardinhand,walkthroughthecityofdreams,andbeabletosolvethelong-termconfusedpublictransportationindustryandpartoftheautomaticchargingforpublictransportindustry.UsingpublictransportationICcardsystem,canreducetheflowofcash,forcitizens,butalsoimprovetheoperatingefficiencyoftheoperationoftheunit.Canholdatransportationcardinpublictransportationindustryandpartofthegeneralpublictransportationindustry,acommonmeansoftransportationwithonlyasmallCARDS,tokens,withouthavingtopaycash,don'tneedtotransfertotransportincard,atthesametimepeoplecanalsousethecardtopaythecostofdailylifesuchaswater,electricity,coal,aswellassupermarkets,conveniencestoresandothersmallconsumerspending;Operatingunitsthroughopenonecartoonbusinessgreatlyreducesthechargevolume,thechargingprocessautomation,savemanpowerandmaterialresources,acceleratingthecapitalflowandcirculation.Becauseonecartoonsystembyunifiedorganizationmanagement,helptothesupervisionofoperatingunitsandavoidtheoccurrenceofthephenomenonoftaxevasionandtaxevasion,alsohelpstotopmanagersunderstandthevariousoperatingunitsoperatingsituation,thusbetterfromtheindustrydevelopmentinthemacroregulationandcontrol.KeywordsICcardsystem；RFIDReader；publictransportation目录-III-目录摘要............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..............................................................................................................11.1引言....................................................................................................................11.2公交一卡通的发展状况.....................................................................................11.3RFID技术的发展与应用...................................................................................21.4射频卡的选择.....................................................................................................31.5CPU的选择.........................................................................................................41.6.本章小结............................................................................................................4第2章系统硬件基础..................................................................................................52.1最小系统设计.....................................................................................................52.1.1AT89S52.......................................................................................................52.1.2晶振电路......................................................................................................82.1.3提示音模块..................................................................................................92.1.4LCD显示模块..............................................................................................92.1.5时钟模块....................................................................................................102.2射频识别模块介绍...........................................................................................112.2.1射频识别阅读器核心处理器MFRC522.....................................................122.2.2天线模块设计............................................................................................142.3本章小结..........................................................................................................16第3章系统硬件设计................................................................................................173.1系统总体设计方案..........................................................................................173.2射频卡与读写器串行设计..............................................................................183.2.1卡片格式....................................................................................................183