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Lesson53Inthepublicinterest•evolvev.•1)逐渐形成（developgradually）•~asystemfordoing形成了一套…的体系•-Hehas~anewsystemforrunningtheschool.•2）使进化，发展•~from~into•-Thehumanbeing~fromtheape.•-Theape~intoman.•evolutionn.发展，演变（revolution革命）•evolutionismn.进化论（theoryofevolution）•evolutionist进化论者•high-handedadj.高压的，专横的•-Sheisahigh-handedwifeInherfamily.•妻管严hen-peck•hen-peckedhusband•“high-”•high-blooded•血统纯正（高血压highbloodpressure/hypertension）•high-hat•自命不凡（高帽子withflattery）•incompetentadj.不够格的-competent•becompetenttodo/forsth.=•bequalifiedtodo/forsth.=•havecompetencetodo/for=•havequalificationtodo/for•-Heiscompetenttodothejob.•safeguardv.保护•品牌英语：•Safeguard舒肤佳（健康卫士）•Nice•纳爱斯（美好）•Rejoice飘柔（精力充沛）•HeadandShoulder海飞丝•Tide•汰渍（潮流）•CleanandClear•可伶可俐•Nestle雀巢（鸟窝）•Robust乐百氏（精力充沛）•Sprite雪碧（小妖精，调皮鬼）•必胜客PizzaHut（披萨饼小屋）•Dove•德芙（鸽子）•Giant捷安特(自行车)•Sharp夏普（尖锐的，突然的）•Jeanswest真维斯（西部牛仔）•Pampers•帮宝适（溺爱）•grievancen.不平，冤屈•grievev.使悲伤•-It~smetoseethistragicmovie.•~for/about/over为…而悲伤•griefn.in~•-Ihavetocomfortmybestfriendingriefwhohaddumpedbyherboyfriend.•5、correspondencen.•1）来往信件•~shool函授学校~course•keep~withsb.保持通信联系=•keepintouch/•contactwithsb.bywritingletters•correspondentn.•通讯员，通信者•2)一致，符合•in~withsb.与…相一致；与…有通信•bringsth.into~withsth.使…一致•-Healwaysbringsmyideasinto~withhis.•correspondv.•altervt.改变•【辨】1)alter：changeincharacter,appearanceetc.partly•-Thekids’clothesshouldbealteredafterayearolder.•2)changev.完全，彻底改变，往往指以旧换新•-Thiscitychangedalotespeciallyrecentyears.•3)varyv.（强调在事物在不同时间/条件/状况下的变化，强调多样性）•-Custom~withthetimes.•-风俗随时代而变化。•4)convertv.改变（态度/信仰等）•-SheconvertedtoChristianism.•accusationn.谴责，指控•~against谴责•-Thepublicshouldmake~againstthosewhosellfakes.•~of关于…的指控(accusesb.of)•~ofrobbery•anonymous~•匿名指控•ascertainv.查出，查明=•makecertain/makesure=•findout/gettoknow•-Let’sascertainwhowillattendthemeeting.•prejudicedadj.有偏见的，不公平的•be~against对…有偏见•-Manyemployersare~againstwomenenployees.•prejudicen.•racial~•《prideandPrejudice》•简.奥斯汀•promptadj.即时的•~response快速的反应•~action敏捷的动作•v.促进，激起•~todosth.•-Hisunclearreplytothisquestion~metoaskhimonemorequestion.•Text：•（L1）•TheScandinaviancountriesaremuchadmiredallovertheworldfortheirenlightenedsocialpolicies.•（L2）enlightenv.启发，启迪•~wisdom•An~enlighteningexperience有启迪作用的经历•~on•-Theleaderbelieveshehasdutytoenlightenthepubliconthesematters.•enlightenmentn.•enlightenedadj.开明的，进步的•~policy/management•(L2)•Swedenhasevolvedanexcellentsystemforprotectingtheindividualcitizenfromhigh-handedorincompetentpublicofficers.•Thesystemhasworkedsowell,thatithasbeenadoptedinothercountriestoo.•(L5)adoptv.•1)采纳•~asuggestion/one’sidea•-Mikefinally~mysuggestionabouttheplan.•2)收养•adoptedson养子（fosterson）--养父母•adoptivefather/mother/parents•n.adoption•(L6)•TheSwedeswerethefirsttorecognizethatpublicofficialslikecivilservants,collectorscanmakemistakesoractover-zealouslyinthebeliefthattheyareservingthepublic.•3、civiladj.•1)公民的，民用的，民事的•~rights公民权~servant•~law—criminallaw•~case民事案件•2)国内的•~war内战•3)文明的•-Asvisitors,theleastwecandoisbeciviltothepeopleintheirownland.•Civilizev.civilizationn.•（L8）Aslongagoas1809,theSwedishParliamentintroducedaschemetosafeguardtheinterestoftheindividual.•AparliamentarycommitteerepresentingallpoliticalpartiesappointsapersonwhoissuitablyqualifiedtoinvestigateprivategrievancesagainsttheState.•（L10）appointv.•1)任命，委派•~sb.as/tobemanager•appointeen.•被任命者【律】指定的遗产•2)指定（时间、地点），约定•-Thedateforthesportmeetisstilltobe~ed.•尚未确定（有待确定）•appointmentn.指定，约会•make~约会；预约（电话）•first~•第一次约会•（L11）•Theofficialtitleofthepersonis'Justiteombudsman',buttheSwedescommonlyrefertohimasthe'J.O.'or'Ombudsman'.•TheOmbudsmanisnotsubjecttopoliticalpressure.•（L12）subject•1)n.主题，题目•abookonthe~ofsailing主题为航海的书•chagethe~改变话题•2）n.主语—object•subjectclause主从•subjective主观的—objective•3）-Chemistryisnotmyfavouritesubject.•学科n.•3）-Chemistryisnotmyfavouritesubject.•学科n.•4)adj.受…支配的，易遭受•~to•-Smokersare~edtoheartattack.•pressuren.压力v.强制，压迫•air~大气压力•psychological~•exert/put~on•underthe~of在…的压力下•-Weare~edintomakingadifficultdecision.•-我们被迫做出一个艰难的决定。•（L15）•ThereisnothingsecretiveabouttheOmbudsman'swork,forhiscorrespondenceisopentopublicinspection.•Ifacitizen'scomplaintisjustified,theOmbudsmanwillactonhisbehalf.•Theactionhetakesvariesaccordingtothenatureofthecomplaint.•（L17）•Hemaygentlyreprimandanofficialorevensuggesttoparliamentthatalawbealtered.•ThefollowingcaseisatypicalexampleoftheOmbudsman'swork.•（L18）thefollowingcaseisatypicalexampleof…•写作举例•（L20）AforeignerlivinginaSwedishvillagewrotetotheOmbudsmancomplainingthathehadbeenill-treatedbythepolice,simplybecausehewasaforeigner.•TheOmbudsmanimmediatelywrotetotheChiefofPoliceinthedistrictaskinghimtosendarecordofthecase.•（L22）•Therewasnothingintherecordtoshowthattheforeigner'scomplaintwasjustifiedandtheChiefofPolicestoutlydeniedtheaccusation.•ItwasimpossiblefortheOmbudsmantotakeaction,butwhenhereceivedasimilarcomplaintfromanotherforeignerinthesamevillage,heimmediatelysentoneofhislawyerstoinvestigatethematter.•（L25）•Thelawyerascertainedthatapolicemanhadindeeddealtroughlywithforeignersonseveraloccasions.•Thefactthatthepolicemanwasprejudicedagain