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1MARITIMELABOURCONVENTION,20062006年海事劳工公约Preamble序言TheGeneralConferenceoftheInternationalLabourOrganization,国际劳工组织大会，HavingbeenconvenedatGenevabytheGoverningBodyoftheInternationalLabourOffice,andhavingmetinitsNinety-fourthSessionon7February2006,and经国际劳工局理事会召集，于2006年2月7日在日内瓦举行了其第94届会议，并Desiringtocreateasingle,coherentinstrumentembodyingasfaraspossibleallup-to-datestandardsofexistinginternationalmaritimelabourConventionsandRecommendations,aswellasthefundamentalprinciplestobefoundinotherinternationallabourConventions,inparticular:希望制订一项条理统一的单一文件，尽可能体现现有国际海事劳工公约和建议书中的所有最新标准以及其他国际劳工公约，特别是以下公约中的基本原则：–theForcedLabourConvention,1930(No.29);–《1930年强迫劳动公约》(第29号)；–theFreedomofAssociationandProtectionoftheRighttoOrganiseConvention,1948(No.87);–《1948年自由结社和保护组织权利公约》(第87号)；–theRighttoOrganiseandCollectiveBargainingConvention,1949(No.98);–《1949年组织权利和集体谈判权利公约》(第98号)；–theEqualRemunerationConvention,1951(No.100);–《1951年同酬公约》(第100号)；2–theAbolitionofForcedLabourConvention,1957(No.105);–《1957年废除强迫劳动公约》(第105号)；–theDiscrimination(EmploymentandOccupation)Convention,1958(No.111);–《1958年(就业和职业)歧视公约》(第111号)；–theMinimumAgeConvention,1973(No.138);–《1973年最低年龄公约》(第138号)；–theWorstFormsofChildLabourConvention,1999(No.182);and–《1999年最恶劣形式的童工劳动公约》(第182号)；并MindfulofthecoremandateoftheOrganization,whichistopromotedecentconditionsofwork,and意识到本组织倡导体面劳动条件的核心使命，并RecallingtheILODeclarationonFundamentalPrinciplesandRightsatWork,1998,and忆及1998年《国际劳工组织工作中的基本原则和权利宣言》，并MindfulalsothatseafarersarecoveredbytheprovisionsofotherILOinstrumentsandhaveotherrightswhichareestablishedasfundamentalrightsandfreedomsapplicabletoallpersons,and还意识到海员也受国际劳工组织其他文件所保护，且享有已确立的其他适用于所有人的基本权利和自由；并Consideringthat,giventheglobalnatureoftheshippingindustry,seafarersneedspecialprotection,and认为由于航运业的全球性特点，海员需要特殊保护，并Mindfulalsooftheinternationalstandardsonshipsafety,humansecurityandqualityshipmanagementintheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea,1974,asamended,theConventionontheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea,1972,asamended,andtheseafarertrainingandcompetencyrequirementsintheInternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers,1978,asamended,and还意识到经修订的《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》和经修订的《1972年国际海上避碰规则公约》中关于船舶安全、人身保安和船舶质量管理的国际标准，以及经修订的《1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》中的海员培训和适任要求，并RecallingthattheUnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea,1982,setsoutagenerallegalframeworkwithinwhichallactivitiesintheoceansandseasmustbecarriedoutandisofstrategicimportanceasthebasisfornational,regional3andglobalactionandcooperationinthemarinesector,andthatitsintegrityneedstobemaintained,and忆及《1982年联合国海洋法公约》规定了一个总体法律框架，海洋中的所有活动都必须在此框架下展开，它是海事部门进行国家、地区和全球性活动和合作的基础，具有战略性意义，其完整性需要得到维持，并RecallingthatArticle94oftheUnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea,1982,establishesthedutiesandobligationsofaflagStatewithregardto,interalia,labourconditions,crewingandsocialmattersonshipsthatflyitsflag,and忆及《1982年联合国海洋法公约》第九十四条特别确立了船旗国对悬挂其旗帜的船舶上的劳动条件、船员配备和社会事务的责任和义务；并Recallingparagraph8ofarticle19oftheConstitutionoftheInternationalLabourOrganizationwhichprovidesthatinnocaseshalltheadoptionofanyConventionorRecommendationbytheConferenceortheratificationofanyConventionbyanyMemberbedeemedtoaffectanylaw,award,customoragreementwhichensuresmorefavourableconditionstotheworkersconcernedthanthoseprovidedforintheConventionorRecommendation,and忆及《国际劳工组织章程》第十九条第8款规定，无论在何种情况下，大会通过任何公约或建议书或任何成员国批准任何公约都不能被视为影响到那些确保有关工人得到优于公约或建议书所规定条件的法律、裁定、惯例或协议，并Determinedthatthisnewinstrumentshouldbedesignedtosecurethewidestpossibleacceptabilityamonggovernments,shipownersandseafarerscommittedtotheprinciplesofdecentwork,thatitshouldbereadilyupdateableandthatitshouldlenditselftoeffectiveimplementationandenforcement,and决定此新文件的制订应保证得到致力于体面劳动原则的各国政府、船东和工人尽可能最广泛的接受，且能够便于更新并使其能够有效地实施和执行，并Havingdecidedupontheadoptionofcertainproposalsfortherealizationofsuchaninstrument,whichistheonlyitemontheagendaofthesession,and决定就本届会议议程的唯一项目通过某些建议，以完成这一文书，并HavingdeterminedthattheseproposalsshalltaketheformofaninternationalConvention;决定这些建议应采取一项国际公约的形式；adoptsthistwenty-thirddayofFebruaryoftheyeartwothousandandsixthefollowingConvention,whichmaybecitedastheMaritimeLabourConvention,2006.于二零零六年二月二十三日通过以下公约，引用时可称之为《2006年海事劳工公约》。4Generalobligations一般义务ArticleI第一条1.EachMemberwhichratifiesthisConventionundertakestogivecompleteeffecttoitsprovisionsinthemannersetoutinArticleVIinordertosecuretherightofallseafarerstodecentemployment.1.批准本公约的各成员国承诺按第六条规定的方式全面履行公约的规定，以确保海员体面就业的权利。2.MembersshallcooperatewitheachotherforthepurposeofensuringtheeffectiveimplementationandenforcementofthisConvention.2.成员国应为确保有效实施和执行本公约之目的而相互合作。Definitionsandscopeofapplication定义和适用范围ArticleII第二条1.ForthepurposeofthisConventionandunlessprovidedotherwiseinparticularprovisions,theterm:1.除非具体条款另行规定，就本公约而言：(a)competentauthoritymeanstheminister,governmentdepartmentorotherauthorityhavingpowertoissueandenforceregulations,ordersorotherinstructionshavingtheforceoflawinrespectofthesubjectmatteroftheprovisionconcerned;(a)“主管当局”一词系指有权就公约规定的事项颁布和实施具有法律效力的条例、命令或其他指令的部长、政府部门或其他当局；(b)declaration