重庆专升本英语--定语从句

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句子概念句子简单句并列句复合句简单句只有一套主谓宾Eg:Ihaveclassesonweekend.主语并列句由and、but或者or连接两个简单句构成的句子Ihaveclassesonweekend.Ihaveclassesonweekday.IhaveclassesonweekendandIhaveclassesonweekday.IhaveclassesonweekendbutIdon’thaveclassesonweekday.IhaveclassesonweekendorIhaveclassesonweekday.复合句除了简单句和并列句都是复合句Eg:Ihaveclassesonweekendwhenothersareresting.IamtoldthatIhaveclassesonweekend.Iwhoisahandsomeboyhaveclassesonweekend.Haveatry!!!判断句子类型:Youthisnotatimeoflife.Youthisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees.Youthoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.YouhavealwaysbeenherewhenIneededyou.Ithoughtaboutjustmaybeseeingyouonceinawhile,butIdon'tthinkthatwouldwork.Ifeelthiswouldbeagoodtimetobreakup.Inthesameway,apersonwhohasacommonorcasuallygivennamecanalsoachievetremendoussuccess.复合句状语从句宾语从句定语从句状语从句状语由句子担当简单句•一般将来时•一般现在时•过去将来时连接词•时间•(when/while)•条件(if/unless)•地点(where)•原因(because/since/•as/nowthat)•结果(so…that)•目的(sothat)•方式(as…if/though)简单句•一般现在时•任何时态•过去的相应时态宾语从句—宾语由句子担当Iunderstand.Youareinadilemma(进退两难的境地).Iunderstandthatyouareinadilemma.注意点:连接词(that/if/whether)语序(陈述句语序)时态(前主句后从句,前现在后随便,前过去后过去)定语从句——句子充当定语Heisahandsomeboy.Hehasclassesonweekend.Hewhohasclassesonweekendisahandsomeboy.先行词连接词从句Leadinge.g将下面的两个句子合成一个句子:Welearned8wordslastweek.The8wordsaresoeasy.Answer:Welearned8wordswhicharesoeasylastweek.The8wordswelearnedlastweekaresoeasy.构成先行词——两个句子中重合的名词或代词连接词连接代词——that/who(m)/which/whose/what(ever)连接副词——where/when/why/how(ever)从句——插入的句子,在汉语中翻译成“…的”定语从句概念Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.ChongqingistheplacewhereIwasborn.先行词先行词连接代词连接副词连接代词与连接副词的联系与区别联系:介词+which/whom=连接副词区别:连接代词引导的定语从句不完整(连接词在从句中充当成分)连接副词引导的定语从句是完整的句子(连接副词在从句中不充当成分)Ilikethegirlwhoisthemostbeautifulinourclass.IlikethegirlinmychildhoodwhenIhadnoideaaboutlove.考点聚焦1.连接词选择——that与which差异——who,whom与whose差异——关系副词where、when与why差异2.先行词选择3、介词涉入问题4、对as引导定语从句的考查连接词选择做题步骤找先行词和从句将句子拆成两个简单句判断先行词在从句中的成分主语,宾语选连接代词,状语选连接副词先行词做主语宾语时候:人用who.宾语考虑加m、物用which、That人物都可用、翻成“谁的”用whose先行词做状语时候:表示时间when,表示地点where表示方式how表示原因why选完后复查一次例:Mr.BlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober_______isthebestseasonthere.Whiteisthestudent_____waslateforschooltoday.Helivesintheroom____windowfacestothesouth.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithyourfamily.Thisistheschool______Iusedtostudy.Thisistheway________hedidit.Andthereisonepoint______I’dlikeyouradvice.Thatvswhich通常只能用that的情况当先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything等时先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some,theonly,thevery,thelast,thenext等修饰时如果先行词既指人又指物therebe句型试题:6,9,10,14,15,16,40通常只用which的情况引导非限定性定语从句,用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。引导非限定性定语从句,而且先行词指物时只能用which,不用that。如果句中有两个定语从句,如果两个从句都可以用that引导,那么其中一个应改用which引导。试题:34,35,45who,whom与whose的PK在定语从句中指人作主语用who,作人做宾语用whom,who。whose“谁的”,在定语从句中是做定语,可以代人或代物(常考)试题:1,24where、when与why的PK相当于“介词+which”,其中where=in/at+which;when=at/in/during+which;why=for+which。关系副词where引导定语从句时,只能在定语从句中作地点状语,其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。关系副词when引导定语从句时,只能在定语从句中作时间状语,其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。关系副词why引导定语从句时,只能在定语从句中作原因状语,其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。试题:13,19,22“介词”提前问题当关系代词作介词宾语,且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时,介词可以提前,这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物,用“介词+which”,指人则用“介词+whom”,且两个关系代词均不能省略。某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。试题:2,3,4小试牛刀Doyoustillremembertheplace______wevisitedlastweek?Doyoustillremembertheplace_______wevisitedthepaintingexhibition?Thisistheverynovelabout____we’vetalkedsomuch.Thisistheverynovel____we’vetalkedaboutsomuch.ThisisMr.Johnfor____sonIbroughtabookyesterday.ThisisMr.Johnfor_____Iboughtabookyesterday.Thisisthehour_____theplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.as引导定语从句的考查先行词与such,thesame连用时,常用关系代词as在引导非限制性定语从句时,都可以置于句中,但as还可以放在句首(常考点)。表示“正如……”时,只能用关系代词as。如:asisknowntoall,asweallknow,as(it)oftenhappens,ashasbeensaidbefore.aswasexpected,asissaidabove.asismentionedabove,asisreported等。Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what试题:7,32,33,49,53as在定语从句中的用法As引导定语从句时只用于固定句型中:在限制性定语从句中:用于such…as…so…as比较such/so…as…与such/so…that…的区别前者是连接代词引导定语从句,从句不完整后者为引导目的状语从句,从句完整。在非限制性定语从句中:用于as(+sb)+expected/hoped/intended等词,as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首,句尾,句末,which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于句尾,句末。自己举实例先行词与关系代词合二为一常见的组合有:Whoever=anyonewho无论谁Whatever=anything无论什么事情Who=thepersonthat练Who_____knowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim?试题:46Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.(限制性定语从句)Thishouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.(非限制性定语从句)限制性不可缺少,而非限制性可以去掉,不影响主句的意思;非限制性用“,”与主句隔开,表示与主句关系不密切特殊的非限制性定语从句,将整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.(蒸发)定语从句的类型可以放在一开始的时候讲限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,_____isfamousfortheWestLake?HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou,______liestheWestLake?IliveinBeijing,____isthecapitalofChina.作业作业:1.P112reading34reading4作为summary练习文章P128reading342定语从句练习题状语从句练习题13.Therewasatime______therewereslavesintheUSA.14.Itisthethirdtime______youhavemadethesamemistake.15.Itwasinthestreet_____ImetJohnyesterday.16.Itwasabout600yearsago____thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.17.Themoment_____Isawyou,Irecognized(认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