成考英语动词专题课件

动词的用法英语语法－词性详解二－动词二、动词的分类(1)(3)(2)一、动词的定义三、动词的时态四、非谓语动词五、被动语态1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.一般将来时4.现在进行时5.过去进行时6.现在完成时7.过去完成时8.过去将来时六、动词的基本形式一。动词的定义动词是用来表示主语做什么，是什么，或怎么样的词。eg:Theboyrunsfast.Theboyisastudent.系动词助动词情态动词行为动词实义动词后面要接形容词用于疑问句和否定句中后面接动词原形时态和被动语态二、按词义和句中的作用，动词可以分为四类类别特点意义举例实义动词(vt.vi.)及物动词跟宾语须跟宾语一起才能表达完整的意思Ihaveabook..不及物动词不能直接接宾语能独立作谓语Shealwayscomeslate.系动词(link-v)跟表语不能独立做谓语，跟表语构成完整意思Iamastudent.助动词(aux.v.)跟动词原形或分词（无词汇意义）不能独立做谓语，跟主要动词构成谓语，表示疑问，否定及各种时态Hedoesn’tspeakChinese.IamwatchingTV.情态动词(mod.v.)跟动词原形（有自己的词汇意思）不能独立做谓语。表示说话人语气、情态，无人称和数的变化Wecandoitbyourselves.Thatwouldbebetter.返回动词系动词助动词情态动词一好像、二保持、三变化、五感官后面接形容词作表语be;have/hasdone;情态动词;do/does/did助动词用于疑问句和否定句中有哪些；弄明白各个情态动词的意思；Must提问的否定回答needn’t/don’thaveto;表猜测的情态动词连系动词：一好像，二保持，三变化，五感官seem;keep/remain;turn/become/get;taste/smell/look/feel/sound1.Themedicine_____verybitter.A.feelsB.tastesC.looksD.sounds2.Thecottonfeels______anditsells_____.A.well;goodB.soft;wellC.softly;wellD.comfortably;good3.Wemustkeepthedoor____whenweleavetheclassroom.A.closeB.openC.closedD.opened4.Youridea______fantastic.A.issoundedB.issoundingC.soundD.sounds5.Ithinkthecabbagetastes_____.A.goodB.wellC.nicelyD.badly1.系动词没有被动语态，一般用现在时或过去时系动词考点2.系动词后面一般接形容词作表语。3.系动词的含义要牢记，能与行为动词区分。run;keep;smell;sell;make;do;listen;lookat;hear;sound;eat;taste;touch;think;feel;remainlook;become;1.Shelooks____.A.happyB.tobehappyC.happilyD.thatsheishappy2.Thechildrenalllooked_______atthebrokenmodelplaneandfeltquite_______.A.sad,sadB.sadly,sadlyC.sad,sadlyD.sadly,sad3.Thismathproblemis_______andIcandoit_______.A.easy,easilyB.easily,easilyC.easy,easyD.easily,easy4.这蛋糕闻起来很香。5.她的答案似乎正确。6.那听起来是个好主意。Thecakesmellsverydelicious.Heranswerseemsright.Thatsoundsagoodidea.助动词的用途1.DoyouknowTom’saddress?2.AreyoufromAustralia?3.Haveyoucancelledthemeeting?4.Whatcanyoudo?5.Theywillgototheconcert,won’tyou?6.Shedoesn’tacceptyourhelp,doesshe?7.Theydon’tgotoseethedentist.8.Ican’tworkoutthisproblem.9.Marywouldnottellhimthenews.10.Myparentsarenotgoodatdrawing.1、在疑问句中，把助动词放置主语前2、在否定中，否定词not要放置助动词后助动词都有哪些词可以充当？be(is;am;are;was;were)情态动词（can;could;will;would;must;may;shall）现在完成have/has+done中的have和has如果需要助动词，但是句中没有以上的词，怎么办？1.ThemanusuallytakesashowerafterwatchingTV.2.Mymothercompletedtheprojectlastyear.3.Theytakeanactivepartinschoolactivities.变疑问句或否定句咋办？可借助动词：do;does;did1.Theyoftengotothebeachontheweekends.2.MyclassmatescanlearnEnglishbythemselves.3.Thecrayonismycousin’s.4.Theconferencehaslastedfortwohours.5.Theworkershavecompletedthework.6.Thecakewilltastebetterwithsomebutter.7.Pandaslikeeatingbamboo.8.Wemustobeytherulesatschool.9.TheyhaveneverbeentoShanghai,_____they.10.Maryfinishedherhomeworklastnight,______she?情态动词的考点must必须;can/could会、能够；may/might可能shall/should应该；will/would将会；need需要有哪些？考什么？1.You____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepitnextweekifyoulike.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynot2.Johnny,you___playwiththeknife,you__hurtyourself.A.won't...can'tB.mustn't...mayC.shouldn't,mustD.can't...shouldn't3.Man____diewithoutwater.A.willB.canC.needD.shall4.---MustIfinishthisnovelthismorning?---No,you_____.A.mustn'tB.mightnotC.don'thavetoD.can't5.---MayIstopmycarhere?----No,you_＿＿＿.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.don'thaveto能够区分各情态动词的意思考什么？5.---Mustwecleanthehousenow?---No,you_______.A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't6.She_____notcomethisafternoon.Iamnotsure.A.mightB.canC.mustD.shall7.–IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.--It____beher.Sheisstillabroad.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.maynotD.won’t8.Thebook____beTom’s,becausehisnameisonit.A.canB.mustC.couldD.will9.Canyouguesswhosebookit____be?A.mustB.shouldC.canD.need某些情态动词提问的回答表猜测的情态动词要弄明白二、短语动词构成方式举例动词+介词Lookat,lookafter动词+副词Giveup,putinto动词+副词+介词Catchupwith,lookdownupon动词+名词+介词Takecareof,payattentiontoBe+形容词+介词Beproudof,beafraidof复杂结构Makeupone’smind：由一些动词和其它词构成短语，表达一个完整的意思。其构成方式如下返回三、按动词的形式可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词形式意义举例人称与主语在人称一致Iamreadingnow.第一人称数与主语在数上一致Hewriteswell.第三人称单数时态表示动作发生的时间Hewrotealettertomelastmonth.过去时态语态主语是动作的发生者或者承受者WestudyEnglish.主动Theroadwasfilledwithrubbish.被动语气说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等HehasflowntoAmerica.事实IwishIcouldflytothemoonsomeday.愿望1、谓语动词(如下)2、非谓语动词返回2、非谓语动词形式意义用途举例不定式起形容词和名词作用可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语Ittakesme20minutestogotoschool动名词起名词作用作主语和宾语Shelikesreading.分词现在分词起形容词、副词作用，表主动作表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语Thecupisbroken过去分词起形容词、副词作用，表被动Thesteamisseenrisingfromthewetclothes.动词的时态1.一般现在时（1）表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态（2）表示主语现在的性格、特征、能力（3）表示客观事实或普遍用法（4）用于状语从句代替一般将来时eg.Weoftenwritetoeachother.我们时常相互通信。常与always，usually，often，sometimes，everyday，onceaweek，yearly每年，monthly每月，等时间状语或频率副词连用。eg.Heworkshard.他努力工作eg.Thesunrisesintheeast.Lightgoesfasterthansoundeg.Youwillsucceedifyoutry.IwilltellhimaboutitassoonasIseehimnextMonday.常与连词：when,assoonas,before,after,until,if如果，等引导的时间状语或条件状语从句练习返回2.一般过去时(1).表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态.e.g.HearrivedinHangzhouanhourago.Wherewereyoujustnow?(2).表示过去某一时间里反复出现的动作或状态.e.g.Theirchildrenoftenwenthungryintheolddays.Duringhismiddleschoolyears,heplayedfootballnearlyeveryday.(3).表示主语过去的特征或性格等.e.g.AtthattimeshespokeverygoodEnglish.(4).一般过去时往往和明确的过去时间状语连用.如:yesterday,lastnight,twodays(months,weeks)ago,in1996,atthattime等,也常和when,if等引导的状语从句连用.e.g.Di