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山东科技大学学士学位论文I摘要本毕业设计的课题来源于现场工程实际，主要任务是在现场实习调研的基础上拟定出整个疏煤系统的设计方案，设计出液压系统、电控系统及各组成部分，并选择液压元件及电控元件，最终完成整个系统的设计。本文设计的液压疏煤系统主要包括两大部分：液压系统和电控系统。其中液压部分是由液压系统控制十个液压缸伸缩，液压缸带动埋在煤中的蒺藜棍运动，进而实现煤仓的疏煤。电控部分采用PLC可编程控制器控制：对电动机的启闭、加热器的开关、电磁换向阀的换向、液压系统的卸荷等实现了手动与自动控制。本设计包括液压缸设计和电控系统设计两个专题部分。设计的液压缸采用活塞缸——连杆传动方案；活塞采用组合式活塞；前端盖为法兰联接；后端盖采用焊接结构；活塞与连杆用螺母固定。设计中对缸筒，活塞杆，端盖等重要零件进行了结构分析和力学计算。设计的电控系统，采用PLC可编程控制器作为主要控制元件，压力继电器作为PLC的一个输入端。这样系统可以根据现场实际的需要来控制液压缸的伸缩，即实现了每个液压缸均可独立自动连续运行，又实现每两个液压缸自动连续运行和手动控制。此外，还对系统中的各类液压元件和电控元件进行了选择，选出合适的型号，并对电控操作台作了初步设计。关键词：疏煤系统；液压缸；电控系统.山东科技大学学士学位论文IIAbstractThedesignofthegraduateengineeringtopicsfromthescene,themaintaskistoresearchinternshipatthesceneonthebasisofdrawingupthedredgingofcoalsystemdesign,designahydraulicsystem,electroniccontrolsystemsandcomponentsandhydraulicchoicecomponentsandelectroniccontrolcomponents,thefinalcompletionoftheentiresystemdesign.Inthispaper,thedesignofthehydraulicdredgingcoalsystem,includingthetwomainparts:thehydraulicsystemandelectroniccontrolsystem.Whichispartofthehydrauliccontrolsystemofhydraulictelescopiceighthydrauliccylinders,hydrauliccylindersburiedinthecoaldriveninafewwordsstickmovement,leadingtothereducedcoalbunkercoal.ElectronicpartsusedPLCcontrol:onthehoistmotor,heaterswitch,thechangetotheelectromagneticvalve,thehydraulicsystemofunloading,andsoachievethemanualandautomaticcontrol.Inthispaper,thedesignofthehydrauliccylindersandelectriccontrolsystemofthisdesignispartofthetopic.Inthispaper,thedesignofahydrauliccylinderpiston-cylinder-linktransmissionprogrammer;DetroitPistonsusedmodular;frontcoverfortheflangeconnection;coverafteraweldedstructure;Pistonsandthefixedlinkwithnuts.Thedesignofthecylinder,pistonrod,cover,andotherimportantpartsofthestructureandmechanicalcalculations.Inthispaper,thedesignoftheelectriccontrolsystem,usingtoday'smoreadvancedPLCprogrammablelogiccontrollerasthemaincontroldevices,pressurerelayasaPLCinput.Thissystemcantransformthehydraulicoil-hydrauliccylinderstocontroltheexpansion,notonlytoachievethe山东科技大学学士学位论文IIIindependenceofeachcylindercanbeautomaticallycontinuousoperation,butalsotoachieveeverytwohydrauliccylinderautomaticandmanualcontrolofcontinuousoperation.Inaddition,thesysteminalltypesofhydrauliccomponentsandelectroniccontrolcomponentsoftherelevantterms,electasuitablemodel,andelectroniccontrolconsolemadeapreliminarydesign.Keywords:reducedcoalsystem;hydrauliccylinder;electroniccontrolsystem.山东科技大学学士学位论文IV目录摘要...................................................................................................IAbstract............................................................................................II绪论..................................................................................................11.设计资料及要求............................................................................21.1工作原理..............................................................................................21.2要求及资料..........................................................................................31.2.1系统设计技术参数......................................................................31.2.2系统的其他要求..........................................................................31.2.3总体规则......................................................................................42.液压缸的设计................................................................................72.1液压缸主要结构件的设计..................................................................72.1.1液压缸的设计步骤和设计原则...................................................72.1.2缸筒的设计...................................................................................82.1.3活塞的结构和选材.....................................................................132.1.4活塞杆的设计.............................................................................142.1.5缸盖的设计.................................................................................182.2其它结构的设计.................................................................................202.2.1导向套.........................................................................................202.2.2确定密封装置.............................................................................212.2.3排气装置.....................................................................................222.2.4缓冲装置.....................................................................................232.2.5防尘装置....................................................................................233.液压元件的选型..........................................................................243.1主要液压元件的选型.........................................................................243.1.1液压泵的选择............................................................................243.1.2确定工作循环系统各参数........................................................303.1.3换向阀的选择............................................................................363.1.4单向阀的选择............................................................................37山东科技大学学士学位论文V3.1.5溢流阀的选择...........................